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Rhetorical Appeals and Ethical Argument
“The Word “Nigga” Is Only for Slaves and Sambos” was written by Rob Nelson and first published in a university newspaper in North Carolina. Later on, the article was so meaningful that it was re-published in the academic journal, the Journal of Blacks in Higher Education. In the article “The Word “Nigga” is only for Slaves and Sambos”, Rob Nelson uses ethos, logos, and especially skillful pathos appeals based on the history of slavery and the illustration about the future of African American, to prove why he thinks the “N-word” is not acceptable. By using ethical argument and those clever appeals, Rob Nelson definitely persuades his young African American audience.
“The Word “Nigga” Is Only for Slaves and Sambos” is an ethical argument. The author doesn’t paint the picture that he wants his audience to see. He also explains how the word change and become in detail. He makes sure that his audience understands the history and the negative meaning of the word before he argues about why they should use it. The author does respect his audience as much as he respects himself. None of the words in his writing says that “I’m right”, or “You’re wrong”, “You should be shame about it”, but he says that it’s “a sad contradiction” (Nelson, 1998). When Nelson tells a specific scene that evokes a slavery image, he carefully asks the audience to grant his exaggeration right after that. As an African American, Rob Nelson of course understands other opponent situation. He understands that those African Americans did not use the N-word to put down each other, but they use it among close friend. He did not mean to criticize them. In general, the author just wants his audience to see that the overall affecti...
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... understandings of the writer are implicit in the story and conveyed imaginatively to the reader. Pathos thus refers to both the emotional and the imaginative impact of the message on the audience, the power with which the writer's message moves the audience to decision or action.
Rob Nelson was successful in persuade his audience. He uses power tools of ethos, logos, and pathos appeals to address the value that a Black should keep in their heart, and they should not step on their own value by calling themselves as a Nigger.
Works Cited
Nelson, R. (1998). The Word "Nigga" Is Only for Slaves and Sambos. The Journal of Black in
Higher Education, 1(21), 117.
Daily Tar Heel Media (DTH Medial). (n.d.). The History of Daily Tar Heel. The Daily Tar Heel:
Serving UNC students and the community since 1893. Retrieved February 27, 2011, from http://DailytarHeel.com
He effectively moves from a position of “Other” to one of empowerment through his active participation in the Civil Rights movement, and his comedy. In fact, Gregory views comedy as “friendly relations,” allowing him to abandon his repressed identity—one that was “mad and mean inside” (134)—and move to a position of empowerment that allows Gregory to “make jokes about [whites] and their society” (Gregory 132). Through his comedy, Gregory is also able to dissociate himself from the term “nigger,” as well as the namelessness, de-individuation, and dehumanizing effects associated with it: “Every white man in America knows we are Americans, knows we are Negroes, and some of them know us by our names. So when he calls us a nigger, he’s calling us something we are not, something that exists only in his mind. So if nigger exists only in his mind, who’s the nigger?” (Gregory 201). In refusing to adopt the word and its negative connotations as self-definition, Gregory “returns” the word and its negativity to the dominant society of the white middle class—the discriminatory “. . . system that makes a man less than a man, that teaches hate and fear and ignorance” (Gregory
Pathos is a quality of an experience in life or a work of art that stirs up emotions of pity, sympathy, and sorrow. She uses this to connect to the people by bringing up her personal experiences in life. As shown in the speech, “My friends, we’ve come to Philadelphia- the birthplace of our nation- because what happened in this city 240 years ago still has something to teach us today” (Line 35-36).. Hillary says “my friends” as referring to the American people, she considers everyone as important and this causes people to feel good about themselves. Also, she uses allusion to show how the past still impacts our world today. Another device uses is point of view, “Teachers who change lives. Entrepreneurs who see possibilities in every problem. Mothers who lost children to violence and are building a movement to keep other kids safe” (Lines 104-106). The point of view is used in third person, and emphasizes her point that she is trying to make. This quotes is also pathos, she is connecting to real people and what they go through in everyday life. Pathos is one appeal that touches the heart of general people.
Humans are naturally emotional and easily-manipulated beings. They are controlled by their emotions, the good and the bad. Pathos is evoking a feeling of pity or sympathy towards another and in novel writing it is the act of evoking feelings for someone who doesn’t even exist. Writers use pathos to engage readers, helping them feel connected with the characters and keep them interested. Successful authors are often master manipulators. Shakespeare can be seen as one of these master manipulators and is one of the most successful writers of all time; modern writers recycle/reuse his ideas and themes because they are universal and timeless.
Pathos is a way of making you feel an emotion when reading the writing, When reading something you are usually left with an opinion, well that an emotion of what you feel about the article, novel, story, and ect. Staples adds pathos to this article to emphasize how bad racism was during 1986. A quote found in this article is “ As a softy who is scarcely able to take a knife to a raw chicken- let alone hold one to a person's throat- I was surprised, embarrassed, and dismayed all at once” (Staples 2). He
Baldwin includes this term to show how the world labeled black people. Non-blacks were going around using this slur to innocent black people for no reason. It is a word that engraves a horrid mark on an African American. Being called a racial slur constantly is not a pleasant feeling, especially when it’s unnecessary. If a less provocative term was used, “negro”, it would not be as effective and meaningful. The term “negro”, is a less offensive word towards black people. It would not remind African Americans of the horrific times they were called
Massive amounts of people find it hard to believe that the “N” word is harmless. Little that they know, it inflicts a great deal of mental damage to the victim. Like when Mrs. Dubose stated to Scout, “Your father’s no better than the niggers and trash he works for!” (Lee 135).
Being exploited from the lens and perspectives of a conservative author like Cornel West, you can conclude that his take on nihilism in Black America directly corresponds with his take on personal responsibility. While the idea of nihilism may make sense at the surface level, when analyzing its details with further convention, you being to understand the flaws within its basis This ideology blatantly doesn't take into account the many factors that put African Americans in the current situation and circumstances place are in now. Only looking at the situation at a glance and at its current status does not give you a holistic understanding of the actual oppositions and experiences faced by African Americans throughout their history here in America.
On the other hand, when some people hear the N-word they feel a negative aura surrounding that word. It brings forth unwanted memories of the past. According to Coates, “for some the mere mention of “nigger” conjured memories of lynching and bombings. But there’s more here - a deep fear of what our use of the word “nigger” communicated to white people” (Coates, 1-2). In other words, Coates believes that yes some people associate the n-word with trauma from the past. But the importance in this word is that in how it communicates with white people. Essentially, it’s the one thing that they don’t have control over. They’ve lost the battle and no longer have the freedom to use one word in all of the english language. I guess they were never expecting
I have not used the N-word since February 25, 2015. Reflecting back to the first time I had ever heard that derogatory word, I distinctly remember we were living in Long Island, New York, and on this specific day my father and I, driving down a very busy street in an old pick-up truck, while turning into our local Home Depot my father made a very wide turn causing a white lady to miss her turn. She screamed out the window, "You dumb ass nigger". At that time I didn't grasp the meaning of that putrid word, but it didn’t take me much longer to realize the force and hatred behind it.
A very popular rap song with the n-word is Niggas in Paris by Jay Z and Kanye West. When you go to their concerts you see white people singing along to the song and even saying the n-word. These people aren't using the n-word to belittle black people, but more in a term of endearment and their love towards liking the song. Since I made out the hood I realized I have a very tough layer than most and perhaps people should just accept the n-word if people aren't using it in a negative tone. At the end of the day words are just words they can't physically hurt you. Many people in the U.S. are to sensitive to words in my opinion. Don't get me wrong I think it is important to know the history behind words and because of this I believe Naylor gets offended. What Naylor also needs to learn is that words change with time and just because a person of a different race uses, it shouldn't be reason enough for you to get offended. In life we are going to hear people say not just words but whole sentences with things that we strongly disagree, but we can not over stress ourselves by allowing our emotions to be hurt. You can't spend your whole life telling everyone how they should or should not speak is a losing
The only reason people seem to have a problem with being called a Nigger by someone outside of the African American race is simply because they are still holding on to the past. How can we expect someone to not call or use a certain word towards us when we use it towards each other every day? It is a double standard in the world we live in and it’s getting ridiculous. So I believe that the word Nigger should not be replaced with the word Slave. Another reason he shouldn’t have replaced it is because being called a slave is completely different. The meaning of the word slave is a person who is the legal property of another and is forced to obey them. So it shows you just how clueless the African American race is. Why would you want someone to call you a name that carries such a meaning? Why would you want to be known as someone who is owned by another man or person? So I feel that the word Nigger was a good if not perfectly suitable word and replacement of the word Slavery. Some may argue that the word Nigger is the worst possible word that you could use because of the history and depending on the usage or the tone of voice that is exhibited during the use of the
Pathos is the use emotions to influence the audience. He states, “This time we want to talk about the crumbling schools that are stealing the future of Black children and White children and Asian children and Hispanic children and Native American children…and the homes for sale that once belonged to Americans from every religion, every region, and every walk of life” (563). By making these problems evident, Obama appeals to the emotions of the audience by making them feel compassionate towards the children of America and the struggles that they face. He intelligently makes no distinction based on race regarding the education of children. Being able to talk about education in this way, influences the audience to believe that Obama will fight for their children’s education, regardless of race. Obama also uses this appeal to the audience’s emotions to create a sense of unity that he hopes would motivate them to change
Blacks considered the N-word to be one of if not the the absolute worst and most offensive word throughout history. Why should that suddenly change because the last two letters are changed to an a? The meaning and history of the word is something of which many members of the younger generation are completely oblivious. Why should this dehumanizing, demeaning word be used freely in songs and everyday speech? In the words of Martin Luther King Jr: “We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal.” If all men are created equal, then why should blacks be discriminated against in everyday language and in popular songs?
Authors primarily use pathos to invoke feelings of sympathy or pity from an audience, or primarily make the audience feel what the author wants them to feel. Pathos can be used to provoke any type of emotional response from an audience, an example of another emotion targeted by authors/ speakers is anger. Anger is targeted in many types or persuasive climates, but a good example of when anger is used is during a political speech or even protest. During these events, speakers often will yell information to the audience and show how displeased they are, so change should be made! Seeing a leader with these feelings allows the audience to also have this feeling, which leads to persuasion through emotions. Overall, pathos can be strategically developed through the use of meaningful language, a proper emotional tone, and stories that evoke an emotional
My response to that would be, “was it fair for white men to refer to African-Americans as niggers?” In my opinion, a white person saying nigga is just as bad as using the word nigger. “Straight Talk About the N-word” talks about the complexities of the N-word. It seems as though there are two prevalent perspectives on using the N-word in the white community. On one side, “some are so comfortable with the n-word because they’ve grown up on and been nourished by hip-hop.” Therefore, as white kids rap along to songs, the N-word loses its meaning. For them, nigga becomes a cool word- just another term in today’s culture. However, when black kids say nigga to each other a sense of brotherhood and understanding overcomes them. From another perspective, there are many white Americans who were taught never to say the N-word. Therefore, they spend their entire lives refraining from saying nigger, nigga, or any other forms of the word without a second thought. This may seem like a positive first step to becoming an ally to the African-American community-but it’s not. When white kids are programmed to never use the N-word without asking why, they lose the history behind the N-word. I believe that teaching white America more about the answer is what we need to put an end to the cycle of