Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Qualitative versus quantitative research
Defining servant leadership
Qualitative versus quantitative research
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Qualitative versus quantitative research
Defining and Analyzing Mixed Method
Johnson and Christensen (2007) describe mixed research as the third and newest research methodology paradigm. Philosophically, mixed research takes an eclectic, pragmatic, and commonsense approach, suggesting that the researcher mix quantitative and qualitative in a way that works best for the given research question that is studied in a particular context. Mixed research uses both deductive and inductive methods, obtains both quantitative and qualitative data, attempts to corroborate and complement findings and takes a balanced approach to research. Researchers used the term mixed method to refer to all procedures collecting and analyzing both quantitative and qualitative data in the context of a single study.
According to Johnson and Onwuegbuzie (2004), some researchers have taken issue with the term mixed methods to describe research designs that consciously blend both approaches within or across the stages of the research process. Researchers seeking associations between primarily quantitative biophysical and primarily qualitative socio cultural data, including environmental and natural resource anthropologists can look to mixed method research designs for structured and tested integrative processes. Such designs have been used to augment traditional methods for assessing and monitoring the impacts of recreation and tourism on the physical environment (Mackay, 2004).
Defining and Analyzing Qualitative Method
On the other hand, Shank (2002) defines qualitative research as a form of systematic empirical inquiry into meaning. By systematic he means, planned, ordered, and public, following rules, agreed upon by members of the qualitative research community. By empirical, he means that thi...
... middle of paper ...
...ompanying attributes of servant leader.
Data Collection
The self-assessment servant leadership instrument (SASL) will be converted from a master copy into SPSS 19 software a commercial server from which data will be analyzed. The researcher will use a conceptual framework for measuring servant leadership. Letters requesting permissions to conduct research will be sent to each Dean and Assistant Dean at each campus, as well as the Dean of Students. The letter will specify the research and emphasize that all participation will be selected voluntarily. Also, the individual responses will be anonymous and confidential. Concurrent mixed method data collection strategies will be employed to validate one form of data with the other to transform the data for comparison, or to address different types of questions (Creswell & Plano Clark, 2007).
There are two types of research that can be conducted in research studies, these are qualitative and quantitative (Newman, 2011). Qualitative research is a process that uses detailed oriented methodology that tries to achieve a profound knowledge or understanding of specific incident and circumstance, wh...
Qualitative research is an approach that attempts to situate an activity that locates the observer in the world by providing the study to occur in their natural setting and by attempting to make sense of, or interpret information (Denzin and Lincoln, 2005). A characteristic of qualitative research is to use a variety of empirical materials such as personal experience, interviews, and questionnaires. It is imperative to understand the task at hand and how to fully carry out the study when using a qualitative research approach in order to find out the information needed. One view of qualitative research is it involves examining individual’s experiences and documenting those experiences in detail (Jones, 2011). By documenting these observations the researcher is ensuring validity in his or her data and giving the correct creditability to those who participated in the study.
To fulfill accuracy in this research, the main strategy that is used is the mixed methods, which lies under the post-positivist philosophy. This strategy is mainly the result of the combination of the positivist and the anti-positivist philosophies. In their book Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research, Creswell and Plano Clark (2011, p. 5) state that the mixed methods technique “[…] involves philosophical assumptions that guide the direction of the collection and analysis of data and the mixture of qualitative and quantitative data in a single study or series of studies.”
... Bocook, M., (2011), Self-assessment, State University, PCN 802. Crippen, C., (2005). The 'Standard'. "Servant-Leadership as an effective model for educational leadership and management: first to serve, then to lead.
For everything that occurs, there will somehow be something that caused the action to happen. It is more of a cause and effect ideal or simple a reaction to an action. In terms of research academics, independent and dependent variables are concepts or attributes to certain things that occur such as drug use, crime, or domestic abuse. For example, stress or other personal problems may lead to someone to use drugs. Also, poverty may lead someone to commit crime. In addition, a power controlled individual may cause a partnership to suffer physical or verbal abuse.
A theoretical paradigm is the identification of the underlying basis that is used to construct a scientific investigation; or, “a loose collection of logically held together assumptions, concepts, and propositions that orientates thinking and research” (Bogdan & Biklan, 1982, p. 30). Likewise, a paradigm can be defined as the “basic belief system or worldview that guides the investigation” (Guba & Lincoln, 1994, p. 105). The theoretical framework for any research is beliefs about the nature of reality (ontology), the theory of knowledge that informs the research (epistemology), and how that knowledge may be gained (methodology).
Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Research methods can be defined as a systematic and scientific procedure of data collection, compilation, analysis, interpretation, and implication pertaining to any business problem. Types of research methods can be classified into several categories according to the nature and purpose of the study and other attributes.
This essay is going to critically discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using surveys and questionnaires as a method of Socio-Legal research. When conducting socio-legal research, a number of methods can be used to collect useful information.
In this paper, I will define quantitative and qualitative research methods and provide examples in the context of social issues which will hopefully provide insight into how this methods are properly applied.
A key feature of mixed methods research is its methodological pluralism or eclecticism, which frequently results in superior research (compared to mono-method research)
Research methodology and techniques is a way to conduct research, to explain and justify what the research methods and techniques will follow to get research findings. Inaugurating the best suitable methods and techniques will develop a sound research. Selecting suitable methods and techniques is not an easy task. This research will plan as an outline for data collection and analysis to address research questions and objectives. 2nd reference
In strategies associated with quantitative approach, there are two types experimental and surveys. The experimental approach is focused on experiments on randomly assigned subject whereas survey approach is focused on surveys designed using questions or with some set of questions. In qualitative approach is focused on ethnographies which are focused on collecting data in the natural environment. There is also grounded theory in quantitative approach in which researcher designs theory based on subjects which participated in the study. The case studies approach researcher focuses on some case and generates all the data that is possible. In phenomenological qualitative approach, research collects the data based on participant’s description of the phenomenon. The narrative approach in quantitative approach focused on stories of individuals which are narrated by the researcher. There are three strategies associated with the mixed methods approach. Mixed method approach is a combination of qualitative and quantitative approach. The first is a sequential procedure in which researcher produces findings based on some other research. The second approach is the concurrent approach in which researcher collects data from both quantitative and qualitative approach and provide a detailed analysis of the research topic. The last approach in mixed method transformative procedures in which
Another option available to a researcher is mixed methods which focuses on collecting, analyzing, and mixing both qualitative and quantitative data in a single study; also, it is based on the premise that the use of quantitative and qualitative combination provides a better understanding of the research problem than either approach alo...
Vael, A.J. (2010), Research Methods for Leisure and tourism, A Practical Guide, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall.