This study showed that perceived parental acceptance (both mother and father) is related to adults’ psychological adjustment. These results are alike to those reported in past studies (Veneziano, 2000; Kim, 2008), giving supports to PARTheory premise about parental acceptance and adults’ outcomes (Rohner & Khaleque, 2002). This finding is also in accordance with previous studies in other cultural settings (Veneziano, 2000 and Lila, Garcia and Gracia, 2007)
When maternal and paternal acceptance were simultaneously entered into the multiple regression to examine the first hypothesis, which is to examined which parent’s warmth made more critical contribution to adults’ psychological adjustment, the results revealed that only perceived father acceptance made a significant prediction of adults’ psychological adjustment. This result is consistent with current study hypothesis and also finding from a past study (Hussain & Munaf, 2012b). Hussain and Munaf found that perceived father acceptance during childhood is a main influence of men and women psychological adjustment. Moreover, this result also provides support in Rohner and Veneziano (2001) literature review of the importance of father love. This result gives importance to father’s love and acceptance as being equally, or more important than mother’s love and acceptance on offspring outcomes. Although, studies have yet been unable to adequately provide explanation for the effects of father acceptance. There is a possibility that this effect may be due to the fact that adults perceive their father to have more power and control in the family compared to mother (Radin, 1981, as cited in Rohner & Veneziano, 2001). A study in Bangladesh conducted by Khaleque, Rohner & Shirin (2010) foun...
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...parent-child research. The findings also revealed that there is a positive correlation of perceived mother and perceived father acceptance on adults’ psychological adjustment, providing evidence for the direction and strength of the relationship of acceptance from parents and psychological adjustment. Adults’ perception of warm and accepting relationship with parents is important in maintaining their healthy psychological adjustment. Perceived high parental acceptance would results in overall better and healthier psychological adjustment and other attributes. More longitudinal studies should be conducted in parental acceptance research to find out the causality and effect of both mother and father love on psychological outcome of the offspring. It would also provide opportunity to observe the changes in associations between the study’s variables as adults mature.
Children from both groups did not significantly different in child adjustment. In both groups, coparent’s satisfaction with partner, concern as parent, and power assertion were related to externalizing and total problematic behaviors in children. In both groups, higher power assertion, greater parental concern, and greater supportive presence were related to children’s internalizing pro...
A child needs both of their parents’ love and affection while growing up. A child that grows up with both has a higher chance of being a more stable person. However, not all children have this luxury; some children are born into dysfunctional families that consist of only one parent like the children in the Wingfield family. “A study of 1,977 children age 3 and older living with a residential father or father figure found that children living with married biological parents had significantly fewer externalizing behavioral problems than children living with at least one non-biological parent” (Consequences of Fatherlessness). The absent parent in the Wingfield family affected everyone in the family, not only the children. The absent father,
Moreover, research shows when parents display higher levels of warmth and positive interaction children are more likely to exhibit social competence, higher self-esteem, and emotional understanding.
It is widely accepted that the birth of a child changes the parents’ marriage or relationship, but to what degree and to which areas of the relationship depend upon the individuals. One literature review by Cowan and Cowan, regarding the transition into parenthood, concluded that; changes that occur in parents’
The most apparent social and environmental factors are manifested in where children are raised and the style of parenting they are subjected to as explained by the Attachment Theory. Although there are various definitions of attachment, they all communicate its critical role in human development. Emotional well-being is a critical part of psychological development and parents and caregivers should act as stress buffers for their children rather than sources of stress (Immordino-Yang & Damasio, 2011). The direct implication is that parents bear the greatest responsibility in terms of how children develop psychologically and are accountable to a significant extent of their future lives. Hence, this program is informed by the knowledge that an individual’s behavior, emotional intelligence, academic achievements, social relationships and life outcomes are influenced by the relationships they had with their parents. An effective way to ensure that children grow up while developing positively psychologically is to encourage parents and caregivers to be involved as much as possible in their lives from an early stage. While children can also be encouraged to be close to their parents, the parents’ responses to their needs may not always be appropriate or positive. Therefore, it is more beneficial when efforts target
Changes in parent-child attachment relationships may also influence young adults close relationships outside the family. Adults who have witnessed the dissolution of parental relationship, particularly the extreme conflict that can accompany it, may integrate what they have learned from their parent’s relationships into their own ideas about relationship
Sobolewski, Juliana M., and Paul R. Amato. "Parents' Discord And Divorce, Parent-Child Relationships And Subjective Well-Being In Early Adulthood: Is Feeling Close To Two Parents Always Better Than Feeling Close To One?." Social Forces 85.3 (2007): 1105-1124. Academic Search Elite. Web. 9 Apr. 2014.
Sobolewski, Juliana M., and Paul R. Amato. 2007. "Parents' Discord and Divorce, Parent-Child Relationships and Subjective Well-Being in Early Adulthood: Is Feeling Close to Two Parents Always Better than Feeling Close to One?." Social Forces 85, no. 3: 1105-1124. Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost (accessed March 8, 2011).
Lot of internalizing problems like anxiety, depression and emotional disturbance, low self-esteem, poor socialization, difficulty in social interaction have the reason of negative and bad parenting. Two constructs of parenting are considered to discuss the association between the parents and the adolescent’s which may result into different consequences. The first is Demandingness and the second is Responsiveness (Baumrind, 1989, 1991; Maccoby & Martin, 1983). Demandingness defined as parental control, supervision and maturity demands in their parenting. Whereas responsiveness is defined as parents provision of emotional warmth and provision of support to their children and its acceptance by them. The Emotional Warmth and acceptance of the parents develop the trustworthy relation in grown-ups. Positive parenting makes the child independent and confident. The children’s who comes from loving and accepting families are more likely to have positive traits then children who come from unloving, rejecting families. Healthy emotional parenting developed the high emotional support in children of at adolescent stage of life. The Children who perceive high emotional support from their parents they perceive parental control as a parental involvement and parental care (Epstein, & Sanders,
...ch should lead to additional investigation on a father's effect in all areas of the family. Researchers could look more deeply at the impact attachment plays in father son relationships and if or how a son's attachment to his mother was satisfying. Also, how these relationships impacted his choices of a female counterpart. Furthermore, different variables then satisfaction and attachment style could result in a deeper look at a daughter's relationship with her father and her romantic partner. Future researchers should revise this study by conducting a questionnaire to find out the comparable aspects between the father and the romantic partner. Another method that could be useful in conducting this research is an interview of the subjects. Interviews allow the researcher to obtain more personal information that could potentially affect the study in the long run.
Every family is unique in dynamic and nature. Parenting styles within families vary depending on circumstance and principal. What defines parenting styles is the approach that parents take on raising their children and the psychological and social effects it has on their child’s development. These parenting techniques influence the child’s lifestyle and beliefs throughout their life and have lasting effects on the child’s adulthood. In the research article Child self-esteem and different parenting styles of mother’s: cross-sectional study discusses that “Parenting style refers to the practices adopted by parents during their children’s growth and socialization stages and how the children are controlled.” Developmental psychologist Diana Baumrind
The role of a father is more than just another parent at home (Popenoe, 1996). Having a father, the male biological parent in a child’s life is important because it brings a different type of parenting that cannot be replicated by anyone else (Stanton, 2010). Fathers who are present and active in a child’s life provide great benefits to a developing child (Popenoe, 1996). Having a father brings a different kind of love. The love of the father is more expectant and instrumental, different from the love of a mother (Stanton, as cited in Pruett, 1987).
In the previous study, Milevsky, Schlechter, Klem, and Kehl (2008) states that adolescence with either both parents are neglectful parenting style or one of the parent is neglectful parenting style score lower on self-esteem than adolescence without neglectful parenting style parent. In daily life, parents that let their children involve in making family decision lead their children to higher self-esteem level than parents that only want their children obey without giving any reason. Parents with authoritative parenting style are more flexible, openness to discussion and also willing to compromise toward their children. In a sample of 230 college student, Buri, Louiselle, Misukanis and Mueller (1988) found that
Would you have come out different if your parents used a different parenting style? If you are considered “cool” now could you have come out a nerd if your parents would have used a different parenting style? “Parenting style is one of the primary determinants of your child’s outcome whether he succeeds, achieves, meets the challenges, flounders, gives up, or runs from or fails in handling life.” (6) The purpose of this paper is to describe the outcomes, processes, labor, and techniques of parenting in a psychological point of view. Parenting styles are defined as the “manner in which parents express their beliefs on how to be a good or bad parent.” (4) Each parenting style has its weaknesses and strengths. All parents incorporate love and limit in their style of parenting. There are four different types of parenting styles: authoritarian, permissive, democratic, and uninvolved parents.
Parents and their parenting style play an important role in the development of their child. In fact, many child experts suggest that parenting style can affect a child’s social, cognitive, and psychological development which influence not just their childhood years, but it will also extend throughout their adult life. This is because a child’s development takes place through a number of stimuli, interaction, and exchanges that surround him or her. And since parents are generally a fixed presence in a child’s life, they will likely have a significant part on the child’s positive or negative development (Gur 25).