When we talk about urban fabric or urban heritage, what comes to the thoughts of most people are generally "monuments", i.e. all types of religious buildings, churches, temples, palaces, castles, fortresses, historic city walls and gates and other sorts of institutional configurations. This understanding often eliminates historic residential zones and historic city centers which equally symbolize the rich urban character. Moreover, there may even be non-tangible features of urban heritage, for instance customs and beliefs, which play a part for the articulation of space use and the built environment1. The protection of historical and traditional heritage was primarily concentrated on the safeguarding of monumental buildings and individual buildings of architectural importance. However, with time it has been observed throughout the world that the main focus of protection has changed from being dedicated to individual buildings towards area based protection2. The focus of revitalization and rehabilitation of historic centers, therefore, has to be on whole areas, not just individual bui...
...buildings they make. Those walls hold stories that are unique and they cannot be repeated. Taking care of those buildings helps humans to preserve the lives and stories of the people who lived in them earlier.
The role of the city is to be the center of economic, political, and cultural movement. Cities have a dense population compared to the area, so careful planning must go into its development. In the U.S. alone, 55% of the population lives in cities with more than 1,000,000 people, 78% in cities with more than 100,000, and less that 3% live in agricultural areas (Angotti, Tomas. 1993). Since it is so crucial for a city with countless numbers of inhabitants to work properly, there has to be certain building types to facilitate the lives of the people. One of the most important building types is the temple. Temples through out time usually work very similarly urbanistically in the sense that they are centers of religious practice and located in key areas. A temple is a symbol of the culture; it represents the people’s beliefs and how devoted they are to them. Temples have usually been elaborate and large scale; examples of this include the Temple of Kukulkán in Chichén Itzá, Mexico, and the Mother Church in Boston, Massachusetts. The Temple of Kukulkán and the Mother Church in Boston are strikingly similar in many ways, including architecturally and how they are used by the people of the city.
In this article, the author writes about the Urban Renewal Plan and what it did to a community in Oakland, California. The West Oakland community was found in 1852 and had a diverse population living there. That article says that upper-class people would be living next door to working class people. After the World Wars that changed because lower income families started moving to the area looking for jobs. The jobs they had were created because of the war. When the war ended these people lost their jobs. At the same time, the Urban Renewal Plan was put into place. This plan set out to remove slums in urban places. This plan would relocated families, demolish houses and create low-income housing. When a family was relocated they received little
However, the meaning of monuments evolve with the viewer. The authority of monuments derived from “their public’s willingness to make their monuments and the essential illusions that they express their own”
It is important to understand that, many individuals believe that monuments play various roles within urban spaces. For instance, James Mellon (2008) understands the city as a work of art and expresses the notion of space, place and meaning in order to emphasize how place
II. Today, I want to tell you about why it is important to preserve an old building related with the
Historic preservation has traditionally been simply restoring historically significant architectural or geographical sites for aesthetic value or for the benefit of future generations to better understand the ways and styles of the past. As the National Trust for Historic Preservation explains, “when historic buildings and neighborhoods are torn down or allowed to deteriorate, a part of our past disappears forever. When that happens, we lose history that helps us know who we are, and we lose opportunities to live and work in the kinds of interesting and attractive surroundings that older buildings can provide” (NTHP web site).
Hovering above are pillars of concrete and stone. Its rise and collapse determined by history. A combination of art and science designed to create notorious architecture. The necessity for architecture is distant from extinction and continuously transforming itself with the duration of time creating innovative methods of portraying scenic and functional works of art. The Romans and Greeks established a foundation for architecture that maintains its reputation as remarkable acts of beauty.
The Women’s Gaol precinct is a project that aims to add historical significance through the use of architectural language. As one experience the spaces that exist between the old and new, the meaning of the site changes. The old structure gives the illusion of a soft nature from the exterior, but the new structures convey its true identity of and unjust and brutal environment. The new structures give a platform for the voices of the oppressed and places emphasis on the advancements of the future. The Women’s Goal is example of how architecture can shape an environment and be a vector to symbolise a renewal while paying homage to our heritage.
What a monument is portraying is an important factor, the message that a monument displays is one of the reasons it may “stand” or get neglected and moved from one museum to another until it finds it’s way into a dumpster. Amongst the most important parts in the construction of monuments or
Building from my background of art and architecture, I have developed an understanding for both creativity and the technical. Through the years, the analysis of artworks evolved my ability to look closer at elements of art to find the cultural influences and perception of the artist. I consider the city itself to be a living piece of art, which can be broken down into comprehensible list of elements similar to those used in analyzing artworks. In recent years, the architectural classes have offered me a more technical way to view the city and individual buildings. Learning about the int...
During the centuries, human being always settled down as communities. Cities are developed, expand and evolve in this period. Obviously, old buildings are very important to give us idea about history and the culture of th...
On the other hand, nature elements are proven to restore attentional fatigue and contribute both psychological and physiological benefits (Hartig et al., 2003; Ulrich & Simons, 1986; Ulrich et al., 1991). R. Kaplan and Kaplan (1989) proposed a restorative environment requires four features: being away, extent, fascination and compatibility to promote recovery from attentional fatigue. In natural environment, urban dwellers can obtain a sense of freedom from daily routine and projects that require massive mental efforts (being away). Nature usually has abundant and coherent landscape structures. It encompasses trails for exploration (extent), and many attractive elements, such as: animals, trees or plants, water features (fascination), and it
A city has to be beautiful, though the definition of “beauty” is so vague. The beauty can be physical, such as enjoyable parks, streetscapes, architectural facades, the sky fragment through freeways and trees; or it can be the beauty of livelihood, people, and history. As landscape architects, we are creating beautiful things or turning the unpleasant memorial.
In 2011, UNESCO Member States adopted the Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL Approach) as part of a shared effort to holistically integrate heritage conservation and sustainable development of historic urban landscapes. The HUL Approach perceives cities as both carriers of collective memory, meaning, architectural and artistic achievements, and also as dynamic organisms that continuously evolve (Bandarin & van Oers, 2012). Recognizing heritage as a resource to the city and its communities, both intangible and tangible components, the HUL approach is aiming to support the perception of heritage as a driving force for economic, environmental, social and cultural improvements to cities (WHC, 2013). The HUL Approach also calls upon the inputs of various actors from the public, private, national and international sectors to create or enhance existing management tools and regulation systems that deal with communities, urban planning and heritage conservation techniques and finances (Bandarin & van Oers, 2012).