1. History, Progress Description about this project and Introduction about dead sea:
The Dead Sea, the most salty lake and the Earth lowest place on the land, borders Israel and Palestine to the west and bordering Jordan to the east. The salinities is about 10 times as salty as the world ocean average. Thanks to the high salinities, both tourism industry and chemical industry benefits from it. Tourists can float on the water surface because of its high buoyancy. Chemical factory can got tons of brine by evaporation methods to make fertilizer.
Rainfall in the Dead Sea region is very low in nature. Jordan River is the only main water supply for the Dead Sea. Some small underground spring also provide some amount of water for Dead Sea. Due to unlimited use of the water in Jordan River for household, agriculture and industrial consumption, the total input of water into the Dead sea has decreased significantly. The total volume of water input from Jordan River has decreased from 1,300 m3 to 260 m3. TO solve the problem of quick decline, the water diversion project from Read Sea to Dead sea has been proposed as a solution to increase the recharging volume into the Dead sea and the feasibility study has been made by the World Bank.
In 2005, the government of Jordan, Israel and Palestinian proposed the “Red Sea Dead Sea water conveyor (RSDSWC)” project which aim at connecting the Dead Sea and the Red Sea by making 1 110 miles canal between 2 water body. Please see the graph below to visualize the ongoing project.
Graph1. Graph of the ongoing “Red Sea Dead Sea water conveyor (RSDSWC)” project
According to the water minister of the Jordan, The government in Jordan has finally given permission for one of biggest projects in...
... middle of paper ...
...rael, Jordan and the District of Jericho.” MSc thesis. Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel ,(2006)
"Agriculture by the Dead Sea."Life from the Dead Sea. Web. 27 Mar. 2014. .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_Sea#cite_note-WorldBank-40
World Bank, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Department, Area C and the Future of the Palestinian Economy, October 2, 2013
Ahmed N. Bdour. “Perspectives on a Strategic Jordanian Water Project: The Red Sea to Dead Sea Water Conveyance Construction.” Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences (JETEAS) 3 (1): 121-126(2012). Print.
"Israel, Jordan, Palestinians Agree on Dead Sea Water Pipeline Project."DW.DE. Web. 27 Sep. 2013. .
Situated just north of Lake Kinneret overlooking the Huleh Valley in Israel and the Al Raquad Valley in Syria sits a plateau, which rises to between 700 and 1,400 feet above sea level and is perhaps the most strategic piece of land in the Middle East, depending on one’s perspective. (Jewish Virtual Library, 2001) The antiquities left behind by the Romans, Turks, Greeks, and Mongols, just to name a few of the empires that have conquered this area, date back several centuries. This relatively small area of land, roughly the size of Queens, New York, is approximately 40-45 miles long and 15.5 miles across at its widest point, and controls the Kinneret, Israel’s only lake and foremost water resource. (Bard, 2002) This much-disputed piece of land is called the Golan Heights.
This marked the beginning of the Palestine armed conflict, one of its kinds to be witnessed in centuries since the fall of the Ottoman Empire and World War 1. Characterized by a chronology of endless confrontations, this conflict has since affected not only the Middle East relations, but also the gl...
of the Aswan Dam on the Nile River in Egypt. Nasser managed to build this important
It is located in the Jordan Rift valley between the African plate and the Arabian plate, with Jordan to the east and Israel and Palestine to the west. One thing that makes the Dead Sea even more interesting is that it is earth’s lowest elevation on land. It is one of the saltiest bodies of water ever discovered. The Jordan River is the Dead Sea’s major source for water. The Biblical reference to the “Dead Sea” is salt sea, sea of Arabah, or the Eastern Sea. According to the Bible King David used the Dead Sea for refuge. Dwellings near the Dead Sea are recorded in the Bible as having taken place before the Israelites came to Cannan. Also the cities mentioned in the Book of Genesis that were destroyed during the time of Abraham are somewhere on the southeastern shore. Furthermore, “In Ezekiel 47:8-9 there is a specific prophecy that the sea will "... be healed and made fresh", becoming a normal lake capable of supporting marine life. A similar prophecy is stated in Zechariah 14:8, which says that "Living waters will go out from Jerusalem, half of them to the eastern sea (likely the Dead Sea) and half to the western sea (the Mediterranean)..." The Dead Sea today is a supplier of a multitude of products. The Egyptians use asphalt from the area to aid in mummification process. Also, potash to make fertilizers come from the Dead Sea, and the salt and minerals are often used to make make-up products. The medical
Bourke, Dale Hanson. The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: Tough Questions, Direct Answers. Downers Grove, IL: Inter Varsity, 2013. N. pag. Print.
Hourani, Albert. A History of the Arab Peoples. Cambridge, MA: Belknap of Harvard UP, 1991. Print.
The ongoing and explosive Israeli-Palestinian conflict has its roots in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century when two major nationalist movements among the Jews and Arabs were born. Both of these groups’ movements were geared toward attaining sovereignty for their people in the Middle East, where they each had historical and religious ties to the land that lies between the eastern shores of the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River. Toward the end of the 19th century, Southern Syria (Palestine) was divided into two regions, inhabited primarily by Arab Muslims, and ruled by the Turkish Ottoman Empire (BBC News). At this time, most of the Jews worldwide lived predominantly in eastern and central Europe. When the Zionist political movement was established in 1887 and began to fund land purchases in the Ottoman Empire controlled region of Palestine, tensions between the two groups arose. Since then, Israel and Palestine have been vying for control of this land that they both covet, and this conflict remains as one of the world’s major sources of instability today, involving many different players. One of these players who continues to halt the peace process, is a militant fundamentalist Islamic organization called Hamas. Hamas has intensified extreme opposition and bloodshed in the region, with the aim of destroying the state of Israel. However, few people know that starting in the mid 1970s, Israel secretly supported an organization that would later emerge as Hamas, even though both groups had competing future visions for the nation. Why did it choose to do this when it had so much at stake? This paper will address the history of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict leading up to the beginning of Israeli support of Hama...
Kamrava, Mehran. "The Arab-Israeli Wars." The Modern Middle East: A Political History since the First World War. 2nd ed. Berkeley, CA: University of California, 2010. 109-39. Print.
Jordan’s demographic balance is made up of ethnic Jordanians, non-Arab immigrants who came before Jordan’s independence (i.e Circassians, Chechens, and Armenians), several waves of Palestinians, Lebanese, Iraqis, African refugees from primarily Sudan and Somalia and recently refugees from Syria. The integration of these ethnic groups generally depend on the time of their arrival with those arriving the earliest having integrated the most and therefore are the least vulnerable. The further integration of certain refugee groups namely Palestinians remain hampered by political considerations namely the Israeli-Palestinian peace deal that would foresee the establishment of a new Palestinian state. Despite Palestinians being short of full political citizens, the general situation of Palestinians is considerably better off than those from la...
...Jordan and Palestine do not have that kind of money to spend. Israel has the money but has more important causes it needs to fund first. If all three countries contributed, it would be possible to bring life back to the Dead Sea. This would mean that all three countries would have to work together. Due to their current relationships, it is not likely that they will come together any time soon.
Organized by the regional authorities, every Egyptian had to move about thirty cubic metres of soil in about ten days every year. With this relatively small investment of labour, they kept the system in working order. Once the main canals, many of them natural, were in place, they just had to be dredged y...
Cheshin, Amir S. Separate and Unequal, the Inside Story of Israel Rule in East Jerusalem. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1999.
Telhami, Shibley. "Understanding the Challenge." The Middle East Journal 25 (2002): 9-18. The Middle East Journal. Web. 22 May 2011.
...t Platform. (2013 November). Needs assessment review of the impact of the Syrian crisis on Jordan. Retrieved from http://static.squarespace.com/static/522c2552e4b0d3c39ccd1e00/t/52dcf892e4b0089d67000ab4/1390213266613/Needs%20Assessment%20Review_Jordan.pdf
Tuberculosis Pilot Program http://msf.org/aralsea/tb_pilot.htm 3. UNOPS web site http://unops.org/5 proin/5pi2001.html 4. International Aral Sea Rehabilitation Fund web site http://ifas-almaty.kz/ENG/Consequesnces.html 5. Soros Foundation¡¦s Office in Tashkent web site www.soros.org 6. German Remote Data Center Geographical location of the Aral Sea http://www.dfd.dlr.de/app/land/aralsee/aralregion.html Chronology of the desiccation of the Aral Sea http://www.dfd.dlf.de/app/land/aralsee/chronology.html Picture 1.