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United Nations legislation
The present global drug policy is based on three United Nations conventions: Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs [SCND] of 1961, Convention on Psychotropic Substances from 1971, and United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of 1988 (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime [UNODC], 2013). These acts, together with their amendments, require parties to criminalize ‘cultivation, production, manufacture, extraction, preparation, possession, offering, offering for sale, distribution, purchase, sale, delivery’ of any substance scheduled under conventions (SCND, 1961). Besides promoting criminal law-approach, these acts also cover the topic of drug treatment, pointing at drug free method as the most effective one (SCND, 1961). The conventions have strongly influenced domestic drug laws of signatory countries, as visible in similar substance scheduling systems (Misuse of Drugs Act, 1971) or in the rationales of some domestic legislations.
Global drug situation
A few years ago, the then in-charge director of UNODC Antonio Costa argued that the present global drug policies were working, resulting in stabilization of global drug supply and demand (UNODC, 2007). Although we can observe a stabilization of the prevalence of drug use in high-income countries of North America or Western Europe, both hard data and expert opinions show that the number of drug users and overall drug consumption in other regions has soared. Between 2007 and 2011 the perceived drug use in Africa rose by 50%, in Asia opioids use prevalence rose by 100%, including 100% rise in general number of registered drug users in China, cannabis and cocaine use in South America rose by 100% (UN...
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...his paper. Rising drug use does not have to be followed by equal rise in drug problems. Thanks to sensible regulations, scientific research and international aid we have managed to decrease the number of car accident victims in many countries despite major rise in the number of cars on the road, we have managed to decrease the number of starving people in low income countries despite growing global population, finally we have managed to drastically reduce tobacco consumption in developed countries without putting smokers in prison. We believe we can achieve the same success with drugs, using much more humanitarian and cost-effective tools than we currently do.
We hope that our recommendations will be reviewed by UNODC and CND, and that they will contribute to the shift in global drug policy during United Nations General Assembly Special Session on Drugs in 2016.
and Tobago. The first legal issue that is discussed in this paper is the harsh or punitive nature of the Dangerous Drug Act and the classification of marijuana. Cannabis Sativa, or any other name it is referred to, be it Ganja, marijuana, weed, or “Mary Jane” under the Dangerous Drugs Act it is classified as a dangerous drug, and is included in the First Schedule list of narcotic drugs. Possession of any quantity is an offence liable upon summary conviction to a fine of $25,000 and to imprisonment
The prohibitionist national policy towards drugs in U.S has been extremely contentious in the present times. After decades of the stance that costs billions how many each year, the paltry achievements and the countless negative externalities have led to a clamor for alternative policies instead of a “War on Drugs”. The proposition focuses on de-penalization of softer drugs and it is recommended to employ the consequent revenues towards creating a society wherein narcotics is treated as a health issue
Not all blame should be placed on officer Weekley, it is time to create legislation to prevent nighttime police raids of homes. Unless extreme circumstances call for it, citizens should be protected from being terrorized by police in their own homes. During a no-knock raid, the inhabitants of the home are usually woken up in the
Issue: The United States’ future is at a risk to miss an opportunity to increase the labor force due to political stalemate. Currently in the United States over 11 million undocumented immigrants are living in hiding. Most of them want to legally work. The reality is the current law is inefficient and weak to deter migrants who know the U.S. has a demand for skilled and unskilled labor. Likewise, the lack of U.S.-Mexico border security and relaxed law enforcement for overstayed visa traveler has
Should Drugs Be Decriminalized? Recreational drug use has been controversial for years. Government has deemed the use of certain drugs to be dangerous, addictive, costly, and fatal. Governmental agencies have passed laws to make drugs illegal and then have focused a great deal of attention and money trying to prohibit the use of these drugs, and many people support these sanctions because they view the illegality of drugs to be the main protection against the destruction of our society (Trebach
- The United Nations Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others (1949) of 2 December 1949 adopted by its General Assembly states says in its preamble that “Prostitution and the accompanying evil of the traffic in persons for the purpose of prostitution are incompatible with the dignity and worth of the human person”. - The United Nations 1979 Convention on the Elimination of All Forms
Access to quality healthcare is a growing concern in the United States especially in light of healthcare reform coverage expansions made possible by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010. It is estimated that 94% of all Americans will acquire healthcare coverage under the law, an increase of nearly 30 million people (King, 2011). This dramatic influx of patients into the healthcare system has projected to cause an immediate increase in added pressure on an already challenged healthcare
based cosmetics company in which began in 1995, the brand Napoleon Perdis Cosmetics now operates 72 concept stores across Australia and New Zealand with its cosmetics sold from 4,500 locations. Napoleon Perdis has also expanded its operations into the United States with 2 concept stores, followed by 5 different independent retailers offering the Napoleon cosmetics line across 500 stores. Napoleon Perdis not only offers a wide variety of products in relation to cosmetics, with the provision of a Makeup
access to care for many citizens. Efforts to provide comprehensive, national health insurance in the United States go back to the Great Depression, and nearly every president since Harry S. Truman has proposed some form of national health insurance. Review of the Literature The Affordable Care Act of 2010. In March 2010, under the Obama administration, the United States enacted major health-care reform. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 expands coverage to the majority of uninsured Americans, through:
Regulating Prostitution Historically, although prostitution has been viewed as a threat to the moral order and a danger to public health, the state has tended to legislate for the regulation of prostitution, rather than introducing measures focussed on its elimination. Even early Christian societies did not seek to eliminate prostitution, with the Church fathers justifying this stance by asserting that "Sewers are necessary to guarantee the wholesomeness of palaces." (quoted by de Beauvoir, 1974
of the most unwarranted policies of the United States. Every year we are spending billions of dollars on the War on Drugs with little benefit. Data released by the Federal Bureau of Investigation show there were an estimated 1,552,432 arrests for drug-related crimes in 2014 – a slight uptick from the 1,531,251 drug arrests in 2013. Marijuana offenses accounted for 48.3 percent of all drug arrests. Most marijuana-related arrests were for possession of the drug. By mere possession, there was one marijuana
gave vast sums for religious projects, for scientific investigation, and for the restoration of historic monuments. Among his most notable philanthropies were the restoration of colonial Williamsburg, Va., and the donation of the site for the United Nations headquarters in New York City. He founded (1931) and helped plan Rockefeller Center in New York City, which the Rockefeller interests, completed in 1939. 5. Gompers, Samuel - 1850-1924, American labor leader, b.
The United States of America is one of the most powerful nation-states in the world today. The framers of the American Constitution spent a great deal of time and effort into making sure this power wasn’t too centralized in one aspect of the government. They created three branches of government to help maintain a checks and balance system. In this paper I will discuss these three branches, the legislative, the executive, and the judicial, for both the state and federal level. The legislative branch
INTRODUCTION “For those who believed that Brazil would forever be the country of the future, I have a piece of bad news. The future has finally arrived.” For years, the largest and most industrialized nation in Latin America has been known as the country of tomorrow. That slogan may soon be out of date. Under the guidance of former finance minister and current president, Fernando Henrique Cardoso, this tenth largest economy in the world, once known for its high tariffs and even higher inflation
even hold elected positions in local, state, and national legislatures. Rastas, as citizens of any nation, are subject to those nations’ laws and regulations, in many cases there are laws specifically regarding their rights and freedoms both positively and negatively. Reggae, the oft-adopted audio/visual representation of Rastafarianism, is rooted in the political; with cries for freedom, demands of reform, and the call to action, and has been an important aspect of many of the last four decades’ of