Due to the Arab Spring, Egyptians were deelpy inspired to rebel against Mubarak by the December 2010. Anti-government uprisings of Tunisia, which motivated other countries in the Middle East such as Yemen, Libya, Bahrain, and Syria to follow suit in staging uprisings against their own oppressive regimes. The Egypt Crisis, and the subsequent series of demonstrations that sparked throughout the Middle East and Africa, drew much international attention as civilian demonstrations called for a reformation of the existing totalitarian government systems. In a pro-democratic movement towards civilian equality, human rights, and justice in the system, Egyptians have taken a number of measures to ensure their voices are heard.
Following forth, the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF) – the Egyptian government military-assumed interim control of the government, and played a huge role in Egypt’s political scene and the progression of events that followed suit. On June 30, 2012, Mohammed Morsi was sworn in as Egypt’s 5th President, and the nation’s first civilian-elected authority of a non-military affiliate. However, months into his presidency, the government issued a temporary constitutional declaration that granted the president unlimited powers. This key event triggered the resurgence of protests and clashes as Morsi supporters and critics gathered again in Egypt’s streets, causing an uprising of violence and turmoil. By June 2013, only a year after his inauguration, Mohammad Morsi finally resigned from his position as president. However, the violence and bloodshed only continued as the army took many aggressive measures to control the massive crowds that took over Egypt’s streets. (more contents are meant to be stuffed*)
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...situation is pacifying the Islamics. If we spectate the bloody repress of the anti-government demonstration, the segmentation of egypt will be triggered as well as the unity and aggressive act of islam-fundamentalist. The France urges to other member states to criticize the coup d'état of Egypt military. And also, the France urges to adjacent country to probate the conflict situation stating that possibilities of military intervention, and to make the cornerstone for the real democracy in Egypt.
The France urges that democracy, civil rights and acts must return as soon as possible to the country. And this must be achieved through a clear electoral calendar and a process which is peaceful, inclusive and transparent. All sides must show the highest sense of responsibility, restraint and a genuine willingness to reach national reconciliation and political compromise.
El-Sisi became president in 2014 in hopes that he will “restore order” in Egypt after facing the Muslim Brotherhood (The Week Staff).
First, political Islam has rogue Egypt and held it down, suffocating the country, not allowing it to stand a chance. President Hosni Mubarak was ousted and people thought that Egypt was getting better. It has not been the case. While Zaki lives in faded luxury and chases women, Bothayna endures sexual harassment while working as a shop assistant to provide for her poor family after the death of her father. Meanwhile her boyfriend, Taha, son of the building's janitor, is rejected by the police and decides to join a radical Islamic group. Egypt is heading towards a bottomless abyss. Everything is controlled by the elite. Jobs are no more; it is preserved for the top. This increases the plight of the people and leads them into committing some of the acts seen in Islam as bad or as a taboo. The political elite are crashing its opponents and ensuring that whoever com...
Ridel, B, 'The real losers in Egypt's uprising', The Daily Best Online, 13 February 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2011< http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2011-02-13/al-qaeda-absent-in-hosni-mubaraks-fall-and-egyptian-revolution/>
The Egyptian January 2011 revolution initially created hopes that a genuine process of Egyptian democratization would take off under the leadership of the Muslim Brotherhood, a religious, political and social movement. The June 2012 presidential elections, brought the group’s candidate, Mohamed Morsi, in office. While in power the Muslim Brotherhood kept and enforced many laws and articles from the old regime to maintain control of the country. The continuation of torture and murder behind bars under the Muslim Brotherhood disqualifies it as a rebellion as Camus clarifies, “to exist, man must rebel, but rebellion must respect the limit it discovers in itself”( Camus 22). On June 26, 2013, El Nadim Center for Rehabilitation of Victims of Violence, published a report in which it described torture during the first year of Brotherhood rule as “widespread and systematic.” “ The report documented 359 cases of torture and 217 cases of torture-related deaths over the period from June 30, 2012, to May 31, 2013” (Selim 193). The transgression in Muslim Brotherhood regime through the use of violence to punish it opponents oversteps the boundaries of a rebel. The main complaint of the Egyptians citizens was that the Muslim Brotherhood failed to live to its promise to get rid of authoritarianism and put Egypt on a path toward democracy. Under
In 2010 the Middle East experienced a disturbing series of protests and riots against the government. The term Arab Spring was coined as an allusion for the 1848 revolutions that rocked the Arab world. This devastating revolution saw its inception in a chain of small scale protests for the democratization of the Arabian governments. With its start in Egypt and Tunisia it has not failed in affecting every Arab country from Libya, Sudan and Morocco in the West to Yemen and Saudi Arabia in the East. A branch of the same revolution has successfully managed to become the cause for a civil war outbreak in Syria and even stretched its influence outside the Arab world to affect Iran and Mali.
Egypt’s government began to struggle with protestors and civil war earlier in 2011. They were having issues keeping crime rate down and keeping people from protesting against President Morsi because he wasn’t fulfilling the promises he made. To help control these conflicts, police were given live ammunition and were told to keep the protests at bay (Abi-Habib). Police were seen shooting into crowds of protestors and used tear gas...
Lang, Anthony F, From revolutions to constitutions: the case of Egypt. International Affairs 89, no. 2: 345-363 (2013). Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost.
Zayan, J. (2011, February 14). Egypt Activists and Army Discuss Reforms. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved December 7, 2013, from http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-world/egypt-activists-and-army-discuss-reforms-20110214-1as8u.html
Instead of persuading Cairo to hold elections and threatening to suspend aid if it does not, the U.S. should press the current leadership to adhere to standards of a responsible government, including ending the violence and political repression, restoring the basic functions of the state, facilitating economic recovery, countering extremists and keeping the peace with Israel. At this moment in Egypt's political awakening, the performance of its government will be a more important determinant of its durability than whether it won an election.
The success of the political uprising in Tunisia sparked similar unrest throughout much of the Arab World and Middle East, most notably within Libya, Egypt, Syria, Bahrain, and Yemen. To date, the leaders of Egypt, Libya, and Yemen have also been overthrown.
Weaver, Matthew, Haroon Siddique, Richard Adams, and Tim Hill. “Protests in Egypt - as they happened.” The Guardian. The Guardian, 28 Jan 2011. Web. 30 Nov 2013. .
He was trying to control the country to the fact that he was training his son Gamal to take over the country in case his dad died or when he gets old and can’t lead anymore. In the book, Cleveland and Bunton described Egypt’s government under President Mubarak a corrupt and stagnant country during the year 1990 and 2000 (Cleveland & Bunton, 2017, p.540). Egypt was under dictatorship leadership. President Mubarak made it difficult for other people to run for presidency or to be voted into the office. He even forgot about his liberal views that got him in the office and adopted the one party one leader rule (Cleveland & Bunton, 2017,
People want a new government to replace the Mubarak government and to end the corruption happened in the government. Egyptians want to change their living conditions. People gathered into major cities center and protest the government. Later, Mubarak government was pushed away by the military. And the military lays out a new plan to let people do a election to elect a new president of Egypt to end the situation which is very nervous and dangerous between government and people.Morsi finally won the election and became a kind of democratic president who was the first civilian leader in Egypt. People at beginning satisfied their own president who they elected.However, Morsi proposed a new draft constitution of the country. This time he made his people disappointed and he showed his ambitious on controlling this country. He made Egypt go back the dictatorial country. People restarted the protests. But government sent police to suppress protesters. There were riots and fight everyday, as well as the casualties.
Egypt has gone through a long journey and sometimes it seems as though it repeats the same path over and over again. Whether its Mubarak, Sadat or Nasser, Egypt has not had its luck with any of the presidents nor kings for that matter. Under these presidents, Egypt went through oppression, discrimination and inequality for its citizens. Religion and gender played a big role in creating this discrimination, especially towards the Muslim brotherhood members. However, these presidents had more than simply discrimination, they had bad policies. Whether it was asking the wrong countries for aid or joining the wrong wars, they all made mistakes. Nasser is one of the most controversial presidents because although he did make some accomplishments he made many more sacrifices in the freedom of the Egyptian people than should have
The new leader objective was to benefit the Muslim brotherhood which made the greater inequality. Rather than fix the social injustice that his followers lived for decade, he gave himself special authority which Mubarak would never think of doing. In August, he cancelled the SCAF's constitutional declaration. He also forced defense minister and SCAF chairman Hussein Tantawi to retire, along with his deputy, Sam Enan. Some 70 top military generals followed them out to pasture. Morsi had stood up to the most powerful institution in Egypt and prevailed. At the end of 2012, Morsi triggered another rebellion by his decree on a new constitution which will immune him to all juridical laws. As he tries to get the title of pharaoh rebellion burst at the Tahrir Square. The result were obvious, around 90% of the population are in the Muslim brotherhood and the minority who are the Christians and exiled Muslims are the pillars of justice who reject the constitution. At the start of 2013, Morsi was treated as a pharaoh.At his anniversary of presidency, the nation regroups at the symbol of peace, the square to remove once again a corrupt leader. A petition of over 22milions citizens was signed to remove Morsi. Eventually, the symbol of inequality was once again