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Objectives of financial statements and the concepts underlying their preparation
Importance of financial statement to management
Importance of financial statement to management
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Introduction Financial statements are very important to a company because they measure a company’s performance. This performance statement can be viewed by the owners, possible investors, and lenders. This statement can make or break a company and is important that it is completed correctly. A Financial statement includes income statement, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows. In this essay I will describes the reason of the firm’s financial statements. Income Statement Purpose The income statement is the one of the most important and a large part if the financial statement. The income statement features the expenses, revenue, and either a profit or loss from the company during the fiscal month, year, quarter. One of the main purposes …show more content…
They are liquidity, profitability, and efficiency. Liquidity is ratio of assets to liabilities. This shows a company 's capability of paying their short term bills. The second is profitability and it shows the owners ability to exchange sales into profits. The last is efficiency and it includes inventory turnover and receivables turnover. Conclusion In conclusion a financial statement is very important to a firm to measure performance. A Financial statement includes income statement, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows. When reviewing a firm’s financial statement, a company uses three categories of ratios for the analysis of this finance statement and they are liquidity, profitability, and efficiency. In this essay I described the reason of the firm’s financial statements and why it is a very important to a …show more content…
Four Basic Types of Financial Ratios Used to Measure a Company’s Performance. Retrieved September 5, 2015 Kimball, T (n.d). The Three Parts of a Cash Flow Statement. Retrieved September 5, 2015 Lermark, H. (2003). Steps to a basic company financial analysis. Retrieved September 5, 2015. Meleicher, R., &Norton, E. (2015). Indroduction to Finance: Markets, investment, and financial management (Fifthteenth ed.). Russel, P. (2003). Financial Statement Analysis. Retrieved September 5,
The purpose of an income statement is to report the revenue generated and the expenses incurred by a corporation for the past year. (Melicher, 2014) The gross revenue is the first item on the financial statement followed by several expenses and then the net revenue. One of the expenses a corporation incurs is the cost of goods sold, which is the amount of money it costs a corporation to produce or manufacture the items sold to generate a profit. The second expense on a financial statement is the cost of record keeping, preparing financial statements, advertising, and salaries grouped under the heading “Selling, general, marketing expenses”. The other expenses on an income statement are depreciation, interest expense, and the unavoidable income tax. (Melicher, 2014) Once all of these expenses haven been deducted from the gross revenue a company has an accurate depiction of their net
The first method we will review is the accounting method. Through this accounting approach we will analyze specific ratios and their possible impact on the company's performance. The specific ratios we will review include the return on total assets, return on equity, gross profit margin, earnings per share, price earnings ratio, debt to assets, debt to equity, accounts receivable turnover, total asset turnover, fixed asset turnover, and average collection period. I will explain each ratio in greater detail, and why I have included it in this analysis, when I give the results of each specific ratio calculation.
...e an income statement needs to be looked at to show if the business is making a profit and if the expenses are too high or what has change in revenue from year to year. This is just an example of many other sources need to be looked at before deciding on the financial position of the entity.
LIQUIDITY CURRENT RATIO QUICK RATIO EFFICIENCY DEBTORS DAYS CREDITORS DAYS STOCK DAYS 12.1 4.3 1.5 61 33 136 12.7 3.5 1.8 48 48 107 13.0 2.6 1.3 47 44 81 The report will be split into Profitability, Liquidity and Efficiency. under which the company’s financial statements will be analysis. some degree of a snare. The conclusion will bring the report together.
Gibson, C. H. (2011). Financial reporting & analysis: Using financial accounting information. (12th ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning.
... organization's management. The ratios were broken down into classifications of liquidity and asset utilization, debt and interest coverage, profitability and market-based ratios.
Ratios traditionally measure the most important factors such as liquidity, solvency and profitability, as well as other measures of solvency. Different studies have found various ratios to be the most efficient indicators of solvency. Studies of ratio analysis began in the 1930’s, with several studies of the concluding that firms with the potential to file bankruptcy all exhibited different ratios than those companies that were financially sound.
The Purpose of Financial Statements The financial statements of a business are used to provide information about the status of the business, set performance targets and impose restrictions on the managers of the firm as well as provide an easier method for financial planning. The financial statements consist of the Profit and Loss Account, Balance Sheet and the Cash Flow Statement. There are four areas of information, which we can collect from a company's financial statements. They are: Ÿ Profitability - This information comes from the Profit and Loss account. Were we can compare this year's profit with the previous years.
Balance sheet indicates the state of affair of the organization or entity at a given point of time in terms of its assets and liabilities while Profit/loss statement shows the result of operation carried out by the organization during the given period of time. To ascertain the profit or loss and indicate the financial position of an organization is the main purpose of the financial accounting.
Any successful business owner or investor is constantly evaluating the performance of the companies they are involved with, comparing historical figures with its industry competitors, and even with successful businesses from other industries. To complete a thorough examination of any company's effectiveness, however, more needs to be looked at than the easily attainable numbers like sales, profits, and total assets. Luckily, there are many well-tested ratios out there that make the task a bit less daunting. Financial ratio analysis helps identify and quantify a company's strengths and weaknesses, evaluate its financial position, and shows potential risks. As with any other form of analysis, financial ratios aren't definitive and their results shouldn't be viewed as the only possibilities. However, when used in conjuncture with various other business evaluation processes, financial ratios are invaluable. By examining Ford Motor Company's financial ratios, along with a few other company factors, this report will give a clear picture of how the company is doing now and should do in the future.
It’s a report of revenue, and expenses earned during the accounting time period. Abdul Naser Noor & Jaffarulla. A (2001) said that Revenue defined as assets of a company from giving or making goods, services. However, expenses are the cash that is going outside the company for making goods or services. Income recognized mostly when it earned rather than when receipts are appeared. On the contrary, expenses are recognized in the profit and loss account when they are appeared even if they are repaid before or after the period. Moreover, this account can be arranged to follow up the net profit of any business. It is opened by one of two, the shift of the gross profit to its credit or the gross loss to its debit sidelong. The profit and loss account has another name knows as income statements.
Financial statements can provide a wealth of information about a given organization. These statements provide information about the company’s financial position, cash flows, operations, performance and changes in the financial position. This information may be used as part of the decision making process for employees, shareholders, investors and competitors. Based upon these financial statements, key ratios are used to provide additional insight as to the financial health of a given company. Being familiar with financial statements can increase financial literacy. For this discussion, Citigroup’s (Citi) financial statements will be reviewed.
Income statement-: Income statement is the financial statement that measures a company 's financial performance over a specific accounting period. Financial performance is assessed by giving a summary of how the business incurs its revenues and expenses through both operating and non-operating activities.
The major objectives of financial statement analysis are reviewing the company’s performance over past periods, assessing the current financial position, forecasting profitability trends and forecasting financial failure (Fazal, 2011). These objectives in turn satisfy the ultimate objective of providing
"The objective of financial statements is to provide information about the financial position, performance and changes in financial position of an enterprise that is useful to a wide range of users in making economic decisions."[Financial statements should be understandable, relevant, reliable and comparable. Reported assets, liabilities and equity are directly related to an organization's financial position. Reported income and expenses are directly related to an organization's financial performance.