Chapter seven discussed outsourcing and vertical integration. Outsourcing was defined as handing activities and processes to external suppliers. The reason companies do this is because they are not capable of doing it themselves due to technology, resources, etc. Vertical Integration is the complete opposite of outsourcing. It can be defined as all processed and capabilities done within the company. The main reason companies do this is because they have the right technology and people to get the task done within the company. Outsourcing or vertical integration is a choice the company has to make and there are risk with both as well as advantages. If a company choses to outsource one advantage is flexibility. The company has flexibility to move to cheaper suppliers. If they thing their current supplier isn’t good enough or too expensive, they always have the option of finding a better external supplier. This is one way to take advantage of lower costs. Another …show more content…
Each strategy is based on being high or low in the following two categories global integration and national responsiveness. To have a low global integration it means the company doesn’t operate in every country. If the company is low in national responsiveness it means your customers use the product in the same way – no matter which country they are in and vice versa for high. International strategy is low in both global integration and national responsiveness. While, global strategy is high in global integration and low in national responsiveness. This particular strategy is low in cost. Next, Transnational strategy is high in both global integration and national responsiveness. This strategy is considered high in costs, but the most common strategy companies pursue. Lastly, multi- domestic strategy is low in global integration and high in national
Outsourcing simply means acquiring services from an external organization instead of using internal resources (Butler, 2000). By using outsourced resources, organizations can gain a competitive advantage by utilizing contingent staff to accomplish strategic goals without incurring the fixed overhead. By focusing on the leading edge and highly specialized skill sets, outsourcing providers can often offer higher quality services, or at a lower price than the client organization. Typical reasons for outsourcing go beyond simple contingent staffing. Outsourcing providers are able to maintain economies of scale with regard to specialization (...
Horizontal integration brings organizations under one organization, and system. Vertical integration brings together all or part of a production procedure under one management, the fundamental principle of vertical integration is supplying a set of health care services to satisfy the needs of individuals in a specific group.
7. Vertical and Horizontal integration - vertical integration was combining into one organization all phases of manufacturing from obtaining raw materials to marketing. It made supplies more reliable, controlled the quality of product at all states of production, and cut out middlemen’s fees and was perfected by Carnegie. Horizontal integration was consolidating with competitors to monopolize a given market, used a lot by Rockefeller.
The proponents of contracting out assume that outsourcing in the IT sector is useful in strategic, technological, and economic reasons. (Gonzalez, Gasco & Llopis, 2009) They believe that outsourcing enables an organization to get the same or better services with lower cost. First, strategic advantages enable organizations to refocus on strategic and core functions, and provide flexibility for organizations because organizations need not to concern about routine tasks (Gonzalez, Gasco & Llopis, 2009). OPPGA (1998) also support these strategic advantages. It asserts that outsourcing can provide organizations with great flexibility in personnel and facilities in short-term projects. Outsourcing providers can provide better services for clients since they usually use new and developed technologies. Second, proponents think that outsourcing gives organizations opportunities to access to technology and reduce technological obsolescence without large investments (Gonzalez, Gasco & Llopis, 2009). Lastly, Pros assume that contracting out can save s...
Vertical integration is when an organisation own companies on two or more levels of the buying chain. Examples of this can be found within “The Big 4,” all of them own an airline, travel agent and a tour operator. The companies have until recently used different names for their travel agency, airlines and tour operators, but now they are power branding their companies so that customers can see whom they are booking with. An example of this is TUI UK, which has rebranded its companies using the Thomson name.
Horizontal integration consists of expanding a service through buying the competence or joining them to create a stronger company that provides the same service. Vertical integration is when a company creates or manages its own providers or created or manages the distribution services. When we think, how a healthcare facility works, we can easily imagine the concept of a human body, going from head to the toes. In the same ways, healthcare facilities need a network of providers in almost every healthcare service. The way that organization deals with providers and distributors to assure the outcome of a service or a produce for a population, it is called integration and integrated organization is also called Integrated Delivery Systems (IDS).
Horizontal integration is the process of hospitals merge/buy to other hospitals to become a multihospital system. Vertical integration is the process of buying out or contracting suppliers of those particular healthcare organizations that are upstream or downstream from the original one. Through vertical integration, health systems attempt to clinically integrate to manage the entire care continuum and, potentially, the whole revenue stream. The main difference is that horizontal integration buys the competing entire hospitals while vertical integration aims at the raw material sources necessary to produce that product such as in health care a hospital buys or contract with laboratory, nursing home, pharmacy etc. Virtual integration means that
In the horizontal integration, the company product range is from a wide clientele. That is they sell product either clothing or luxurious foods from different manufacturers. These give them the edge since the products they offer a variety for the customers to choose from, and hence they can shop less than one roof (Cole, 1997). In the vertical integration strategy, the firm will deal substantial with products from a single supplier and M&S gets the exclusive rights to deal with the product and its supply to the market. This is necessary when the company aim is to serve an identified target market which is exclusive and has the potential to sustain and grow the company substantively. These employ a tar...
2. Companies leverage horizontal integration to combine or obtain other competitive firms that is in the same market. It promotes business in size, upsurge merchandize
The competitive advantage that can be gained by the companies through IS/IT outsourcing is Improved business processes. IT outsourcing an identification method and rigor of IT resources that can help the business run smoothly. It can control the development of the project budget and expenditures. It also can promote information technology investment proposals from outside and provide skilled individuals in managing IT resources available in the company. Through these companies are able to provide appropriate information and report to the company. This can give competitive advantage to the company. For example, expenditures, progress, and issues the company can be viewed and controlled.
...d i.e. to use a mix of both the strategies. Some academic experts also presented the same arguments which stated that the company should use standardized tactics and adapting others to difference market is necessary. Such authors believes that both the standardization and adaptation are nothing but a matter of degree to use in international marketing strategy. Also McDonald strategy is the best example of such arguments where the company has globalized it brand but localized its marketing strategies. Considering the success of McDonald I would strongly recommend that a right balance of standardization and adaptation is need to ensure good growth and success in international marketing. Hence it can be concluded that if a company wants to be successful at global level, then it should include elements of both standardized and adaptation approach in its marketing mix.
Vertical integration is where a company becomes their own supplier or distributor through acquisition. Seprod uses the strategy by their acquisition of Belvedere Estate in 2006 so as to expand its dairy farm pastures to increase their supply of milk output from the dairy farming. They also use vertical integration in their subsidiary Industrial Sales Limited. This is done by making them the main distributer and marketer of their
Outsourcing is a technique for companies to reassign specific responsibilities to external entities. There are several motivations for outsourcing including organizational, improvement, cost, and revenue advantages (Ghodeswar & Vaidyanathan, 2008).
The main problem Bharti Airtel Limited facing is "How to manage its capital expenditures for its operations and how to face the expected exponential growth and a competitive environment." The challenges that the company is facing are
International Marketing, at its simplest level, involves the firm making one or more marketing mix decisions across national boundaries (Jobber, 2010). At its most complex level, it involves the firm establishing manufacturing facilities overseas and coordinating marketing strategies across the globe (Jobber, 2010). There are various reasons for going global, some of which are: to find opportunities beyond saturated domestic markets; to seek expansion beyond small, low growth domestic markets; to meet customers’ expectations; to respond to the competitive forces for example the desire to attack an overseas competitor; to act on cost factor for example to gain economies of scale in order to achieve a balanced growth portfolio. The methods of market entry that could be used are indirect exporting (for example, using domestic –based export agents), direct exporting (for example, foreign –based distributors), licensing, joint venture and direct investment. I found this par...