The purpose of the article I reviewed by Lykeridou, Gourounti, Deltsidou, Lautradis, and& Vaslamatzis (2009) was to examine women’s level of depression, perceived anxiety, and overall stress related to infertility while receiving fertility treatments. It w as hypothesized that the etiology of an infertility diagnoses wouldwill affect female’s psychological vulnerability. The variables that were looked at in the study were infertility diagnoses and psychological disturbances. The levels of infertility diagnoses used in the research were male factor infertility, female factor infertility, mixed, and idiopathic infertility. The various levels of psychological disturbances included depression, perceived anxiety, and overall fertility related stress.
The type of research that was used in the study was a cross-sectional survey. Over an 11-month time frame data from three different questionnaires were collected from the participants. Before each woman received her first treatment shethey received a letter that explained the purpose and goal of the research. If a woman expressed interest the research team then would met with her to further explain the study and ask if she needed clarification on any of the specifics of the study. A researcher that was not affiliated with the fertility clinic then collected the questionnaires from the participants after any necessary instructions were clarified with the participants. The sample was obtained by convenience sampling that consisted of 404 women with a mean age of 36.9 years of age that had to meet a set of specific requirements in order to be considered for participation in the study. These participants were approached at a large infertility clinic and asked if they wanted to participate ...
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.... Without knowledge of the reliability and validity of these two instruments we are unable to know if the instruments are consistent or if they measure what they intend to measure.
I do believe the author’s conclusions were warranted given the study’s design. By using the results obtained from this study counselors can determine how to best help clients with various types of infertility issues. As the results of the study revealed the etiology of the infertility could be correlated with the type of stress the client experiences.
Works Cited
Lykeridou, K.., Gourounti, K., Deltsidou, A., Loutradis, D., & Vaslamatzis, G. (2009). The impact of infertility diagnosis on psychological status of women undergoing fertility treatment. Journal of Reproductive & Infant Psychology, 27(3), 223-237.
doi:http://dx.doi.org.huaryu.kl.oakland.edu/10.1080/02646830802350864
Infertility is the inability to conceive any children after 12 months of trying to conceive after having unprotected sex. The infertility condition can be present in both partners. The cause may be physical, including immature sexual organs, abnormalities of the reproductive system, hormonal imbalance, and dysfunction or abnormalities in other organ systems, or it may result from psychologic or emotional problems. There are treatments for men or women like drugs, assisted reproductive technology, in vitro fertilization (IVF), artificial insemination, and surgery.
Rice, A. D., Patterson, K., Wakefield, L. B., Reed, E. D., Breder, K. P., Wurn, B. F., & Wurn, L. J. (2015). Ten-year Retrospective Study on the Efficacy of a Manual Physical Therapy to Treat Female Infertility. Alternative Therapies In Health And Medicine, 21(3), 36-44.
Oakley, Ann. “Beyond The Yellow Wallpaper.” Reproductive Health Matters 5.10 (1997): 29-39. JSTOR. Web. 7 April 2011.
...d for consent to proceed with the study. The participants were given thorough instructions that at any during the survey you can withdrawal your participation in the research, and that this is to benefit research to society. Participation is this survey was voluntary was emphasized. Participants were told that the surveys should take no longer than fifteen minutes and the personal information will remain confidential their results may be shared, but for research purposes only. The questionnaire will have a demographic sheet and a 50 item questionnaire divided into two sections. One part has a four point Likert scale (0= Almost Never, 1=Sometimes, 2= Often, 3 =Almost Always) and the other part is a selection of A or B. It was also reiterated that the participants had the right to withdraw from the research study at any time; there will be no consequences or penalty.
In terms of ethical considerations, the priority of this research study first and foremost is the safety of its participants. Each of the potential candidates will be given a full overview of their requirements, should they decide to participate. All aspects will explicitly be explained in great detail to ensure that there is informed consent. The women will also be given full anonymity. It is of great importance that participants who
In a study, Lloyd (1996) found that male infertility is perceived as more stigmatizing than female infertility. Men are reluctant to discuss male infertility, viewing it as a sign of their lack of virility and potency. As a result of these issues, Miall (1986) found that to alleviate this burden of feeling of impotence, some wives have gone as far as utilizing courtesy stigma, where the woman identifies herself as being infertile in order to spare her husband the shame and guilt. Self-labeling infertility allows protects the husband from the stigmatizing effects of sexual dysfunction.
It is assumed by most that we will all be able to grow up, fall in love, get married, and then have children of our own. This is not the lifestyle that all people choose, but it is still the view accepted by the majority of society. What happens when the unthinkable occurs and a happily married couple is unable to get pregnant? This is a reality for 7.1%, or 2.8 million, of the married couples in the United States (Lenox, 1999). Today, there are many people all over the world that decide to use fertility treatments to help them conceive a child, and this often leads to the birth of twins, triplets, or even higher order multiples. There are many risk factors that are involved in this type of pregnancy, and these issues have created a cloud of debate around this subject.
The problem for the study was to determine when it is appropriate and effective for Nursing Unit Managers (NUMs) to give praise to their subordinates.
Quantitative methods in the social sciences are an effective tool for understanding patterns and variation in social data. They are the systematic, numeric collection and objective analysis of data that can be generalized to a larger population and seek to find cause in variance (Matthews and Ross 2010, p.141; Henn et al. 2009, p.134). These methods are often debated, but quantitative measurement is important to the social sciences because of the numeric evidence that can be used to drive more in depth qualitative research and to focus regional policy, to name a few (Johnston et al. 2014). Basic quantitative methods, such as descriptive and inferential statistics, are used regularly to identify and explain large social trends that can then
With infertility on the rise in women, many women do not even understand they develop it until they try to hold kids and it might be too late for them. Infertility has increased in the United States by 4 percent since the 1980s, mostly from problems with fertility due to an increase in age in women. Worldwide between three and seven percent of all couples or women endure an unresolved problem of infertility. Many more couples, however, experience involuntary childlessness for at least one year. With more people wanting answers the problem is growing exponentially.
“Managing Infertility.” USNews.com. Stanford University Medical Center, 31 Mar. 2007. Web. 22 Mar. 2010. .
Infertility is seen as “a disease of the reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse” (2009). Infertility can be caused at birth or it can be developed over time due to various factors. It is commonly seen as a female’s issue or the female’s fault. However, according to the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (2015), in 40% of couples with infertility, the female partner is either the sole or a contributing cause of infertility; in 40%, the male partner is either the sole or a contributing cause of infertility; and in the remaining 20% there are no identifiable reasons, which is labeled as unexplained infertility. There are copious factors
...s." Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health 39.4 (2007): 216-25. ProQuest. Web. 27 Feb. 2014.
For the purposes of this research, the focus will be on infertility among women of childbearing
... who has access, and what restrictions, if any, should apply. Because of the costly treatment and failure for most insurance companies to grant coverage for infertility, many couples are not able to have their own children since this is something that has to be paid out of the pocket. Furthermore, even though there has been past controversial issues with the treatment using IVF, it is a safe procedure today—with some complications, such as twins being born—and with the scientific, medical, and technological advances that we have in the 21st century; people trust this method as safe and effective. Everybody deserves to have a family. And for some—IVF is the only solution next to adoption. The United States must recognize the degree in which this problem effects their citizens and see that with help of insurance coverage, lives can be changed and lives can be made.