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Journalism as a profession
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Five thousand years ago, with the invention of writing, the human species took its first jump towards a technological civilization. The second one came only in the last half of the XV century, with the invention of press, by Gutenberg. The possibility of reproducing thousands of identical copies of the same document has taken to the creation of the first magazines and journals, a revolutionary concept. But this occurred in a slow and grad way: the first scientific journal pressed, for example, was released just in 1665, 200 years after. Although, until today this is the basis of a huge system of divulgation in science and technology, counting more than 300 thousand journals around the world, and that has changed little during the three last centuries.
Nowadays, this scenario is about to change radically, with the development of global computer networks, like Internet, mainly after the explosion of the WWW (World Wide Web), that allows for high quality electronic publishing, with texts, images, videos, etc. Together, these two technologies have a revolutionary potential many times superior than the invention of press.
WWW is based in an active model of search for information, this is, in traditional Internet navigation, denominated "pull" technology, the user obtains information from different WWW sites, searching for topics of his interest. The huge volume of documents and sites available make the information obtention possible only after a refined search procedure, made with one of the mechanisms existent for this purpose, making the process difficult. Besides that, the continuous growth of available information and the necessity of individually visiting the sites is, slowly, making access infeasible, both from the user's...
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...t with the certainty that the information is delivered to the correct user and according do a desired profile. In the near future, the integration of "push" technology with traditional media like television, cinema and radio will be possible, changing radically not only the mass media, but also business and marketing strategies involved.
Finally, the use of information technologies based in Artificial Intelligence will be used to improve information filters both in client and server side, in a manner that software robots and other autonomous agents will send the subscriber's computer only news and articles that satisfy highly specific interests criteries.
Electronic references
PointCast Corporation: http://www.pointcast.com
Marimba Corporation: http://www.marimba.com
Microsoft Corporation: http://www.microsoft.com
Push Council: http://www.aitek.com/PUSH/
At its beginnings, the internet crafted a new but familiar form of manufacturing: the mass production of digital texts. In fact, in 1440 Gutenberg first originated the idea of mass production of texts with his invention of the Printing Press. For the first time, an automated process was able to replicate script. This new technology was not without its shortcomings. First, the printing press used limited materials. Next, as Mumford notes, the advent of print led calligraphers and manuscript copyists out of work. Furthermore, as Graff finds, it created “typographical fixity”—material once printed cannot be changed. Finally, mass production was dependent and limited to large markets (Mumf...
a.k.a. a.k Web. The Web. The Web. 16 Apr. Foner, Eric, and John A. Garraty.
The Web. The Web. 25 Feb. 2014. http://www.remarque.uni-osnabrueck.de/internet.htm>. Liukkonen, Petri.
Back in the modern days, the Internet is a whole collection of a media composed of reproductions. It is a virtual space, which has no original and lacks even a master copy. We, human as the user, offer to put the information inside the space. However web pages do not exist until they are uploaded onto the Internet by the author, and “reproduced” on our computer. Nowadays we can even create our own webpage on the cloud. To look for an original on the Internet is such a hard job since there are somehow no real material base to
Derry, T. K., and Trevor Williams. A Short History of Technology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1961.
Over the past few decades, the generation and availability of information over the cyberspace is increasing enormously. There exist an alarming need for solutions that will help to filter the relevant data from the collection of disorganised data for the users to select the most suitable data from the available collection of data. A lot of strategies have been developed, that assist in the selection of relevant information for the user. Applications on the internet are making searching convenient for users by incorporating recommender systems within the applications which helps to filter unwanted information, predict the needs and preferences of users (Long, Zhang, & Hu, 2011) and provide suggestions to the users. When compared to the other fields of information systems, recommender systems is a relatively new field, as it initially used to be a part of information retrieval and management sciences.
Information Retrieval (IR) is to represent, retrieve from storage and organise the information. The information should be easily access. User will be more interested with easy access information. Information retrieval process is the skills of searching for documents, for information within documents and for metadata about documents, as well as that of searching relational databases and the World Wide Web. According to (Shing Ping Tucker, 2008), E-commerce is rapidly a growing segment in the internet.
Internet is a free platform where everyone can launch or release whatever they want to that market. With such characteristic of the Internet, the products, services or creations may, in a se...
The Internet’s influence on our lives has spread throughout. According a 2009 US Census survey 74% of Americans use the internet and have access within their household.A number that has increased every year since 1990 and will sure grow in the future. In this survey they relieved that they did various activities on the internet including social media, (Facebook and Twitter) researching and reading news articles, watching YouTube videos, shopping and so much more all can be done with a computer or Internet enabled phone. With this ease of use and convenience it casts a shadow upon the future of printed and broadcast information. The Web’s instant and vast knowledge bank has changed ...
In the year 2000 there was an estimated 2.5 billion web pages on the internet, with a growth rate of 7.3 million per day. Linear algebra is used in the organization and sorting of these web pages when storing them in an internet search database. The vector space model;is used to enhance search results by representing them as two vectors, the document vector and query vector. Each dimension in the vector corresponds to a different term. If the term occurs in the document, its value in the vector is a non-zero value. Several different ways of computing the term weights have been developed, one of which is the frequency-inverse document frequency (tf-idf) weights. The frequency portion if td-idf refers to the frequency of the term within the document. The inverse document frequency is the log function of the total number of documents / divided by the number of documents in which the term appears.The frequency-inverse document model just multiplies these 2 values. Using the cosine similarity between the document and query vector allows the computer to group data together or output data that is similar. The major advantages of using this model over the standard boolean model is that it allows ranking of documents according to their relevance, and it allows partial matching. There are a large number of variations of ...
Literary works continue to be recorded thousands of years after the initial writings of the ancient world. Up until the last hundred years, this consisted strictly of works that were recorded by an author and then made available to the masses. The invention of the printing press greatly increased the availability of literature. No longer were books required to be hand copied and c...
The printing press has a huge impact on society by allowing a large amount of written copies to be published in one time. The printing press also lead to the ability to spread information across the world much faster, and easier. It may be unfair to claim that the printing press was the cause of the massive modern media usage. However, the printing press influences every aspect of the world’s culture. The printing press was an instrument that brings significant shifts in science, politics, religion, and the modes of thoughts. It is hard to evaluate the social and cultural impact of a new media, but the innovation of the printing press most likely proves major transformations in the use, influence, and character of human
Web 3.0 also means that if the user was to search for something such as ‘man’ it would not just display results just for ‘man’ it will also know to display ...
People in the present society have turned from the use of the old means of communication to the more advanced and technological ways of communicating. Technology has made it easier for people to communicate in a faster, efficient, and cost saving means through the introduction of the communication channels. The world has turned out to be the centre for technology with different technologies emerging daily as the people continue to develop from time to time to cope with the growing technology. The benefits of adopting the communication technology are explained in this article which shows why people do not function without technology.
New media like twitter, Facebook, blogs etc. are all regarded as platforms on which to break news and share content. But in this paper, we will focus on three key elements: audio, video and text. The paper will also look at the web as an umbrella medium under which all these elements coalesce. The second and final of the paper looks at how some future technologies will affect news gathering and distribution in the future.