During times when many of us have our minds on matters conceivably much more critical than environmental ones, it is difficult to concentrate on the more mundane matters of clean drinking water and clean air. Unfortunately, while our nation's attention seems fully consumed with the whereabouts of terrorists, water and air continues to be overused and/or contaminated. In reflecting on this odd state of affairs, we begin to understand how easily it is for us to forget about one of the basic necessities of humanity -- clean drinking water.
Considering that water constitutes about 60 percent of our body weight, it is not surprising that it is a critical resource to human beings. (Even larger percentages of water are found various parts of the body: the human brain (70 percent); blood (82 percent); and, lungs (90 percent).) Given its material chemical importance, it is no wonder that we have to replenish our individual water content on a regular basis. On a collective basis we also need huge volumes of water to ''feed'' our agricultural needs, such as corn, soybeans, cows, etc. Seeing how reliant humans are upon water, it would appear that we would be much more informed about its distribution and availability.
On a global basis fresh water, or drinking water, makes up only a very small amount of all water. Most water on Earth is in the oceans (97 percent). The remaining portion (~3 percent) is in frozen (in glaciers) or is below the land surface, i.e., groundwater found in aquifers. Amazingly all the water in lakes, inland seas, rivers, and the atmosphere amounts to only 0.023 percent (or two parts per ten-thousand) of all the water on our planet. Of the fresh drinking water available to us, 72 percent is frozen, which leaves...
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...ter for irrigating nonfood crops with great success (Gleick). Lastly, a few nations, especially those with very limited access to groundwater, have made great strides in the process of desalination (i.e., the removal of salt from ocean water). This process is well-developed but still prohibitively expensive for the vast majority of people on Earth, but may become more feasible as renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, become more widespread. These efforts represent a starting point for humans willing to take our water resources more seriously in order to avoid future international conflict and instability, something all of us surely desire.
Sources Cited
Enger, E.D. & B.F. Smith (2000) Environmental Science: A Study of Interrelationships. Boston: McGraw Hill.
Gleick, P.H. (2001) ''Making Every Drop Count.'' Scientific American, 284 (2), 41-45.
The article, Hidden Waters by Joanne Zygmunt describes how water is used in almost everything in the world. The article begins by stating agriculture soaks up the majority of all water and is depleting the limited supply. Roughly “70 percent of global freshwater withdrawals are for irrigation” (Zygmunt 8). Zygmunt, sates there are many unknown uses of water. For example, A hamburger contains “2400 litres of embedded water” (10). It is also stated the are different types of embedded water, “blue” and “green”. “Blue” is the water used in daily life. “Green” is water that is found underground (Zygmunt 11). Unlike other natural resources, there is no substitute for water. The effects of water shortage depend on water utilization, environment
McCance,T.V.,McKenna, H. P., & Boore, J. R. P. (1999). Caring: Theoretical perspectives of relevance to nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing,30, 1388 – 1395.
Caring is the “central theme and core of nursing caring tapestry” (Otterbein University, 2009, p. 2). When developing caring characteristics as a nurse and caring interventions, this in return helps
This is demonstrated and practiced, caring is consists of curative factors promotes growth, a caring environment accepts a person as they are and looks to what the person many become, a caring environment offers development of potential, caring promotes health better than curing, prevention, and caring is central to nursing. Watson’s theory “ the goal of nursing is to help persons attain a higher level of harmony within the mind-body-spirit. Attainment of that goal can potentiate healing and health” (Masters, 2014, p.
According to the United States EPA, only one percent of all water on Earth is deemed suitable for human consumption. In a world with a continually-growing population in need of an ample water supply, the world's sources of fresh water are showing increased signs of overuse as they are emptied faster than they can be naturally refilled. In fact, over the past half-decade the demand for water has more than tripled as the watersheds across the globe have been devastated (EPA).
Humans depend on water for survival and it is a very important part of our daily lives.
Water is the most utilized substance. There is not one person, or industry that could survive without water. Water provides in more ways than just quenching thirst. This is why the most critical issues today, revolve around water loss. It may come as a surprise, but according to Patricia Lefevere, only one percent of the water on earth is useful to humans. The other 99 percent is not accessible or fresh (Lefevere). However, the problem is not as terrible as it seems. According to The Economist the main problems are; how much water is too much, and the way the water is used (Sin aqua non; Water). Water is a valuable resource; without knowing how much fresh water can be taken from sources without them being depleted causes an uncertainty to
She goes beyond the past tendencies of just looking at the differences of nursing theories to ideas that unite them to evoke new creative ideas. She tries to explain how the theoretical framework of caring evolved into philosophical, conceptual and epistemological undertaking and differs from just caring. Concurrently, nursing’s focus on the relationship of caring for health and healing differentiated it from other disciplines. However, I felt, the difference between “just caring” and caring in nursing can explain through exploring the concepts of healing and consciousness. Even though, nurses possess an ethical obligation for caring, the ultimate aim is to restore health through healing. These two concepts were not explicitly defined in the conceptual framework of caring. The other main elements missing in the Metaparadigm of the caring theory are environment and culture that seek to inform and embrace
Water shortage in United States is a potential problem. Today almost no one consider how serious the issue is. Water is the main resource of our living; we have it and do not realize how much water we waste. In U.S.A. there are over usage of water in irrigation, agriculture, industry and over usage in residential purposes. According to CBS News report (Strassmann, 2010), average American uses about 150 gallons every day, while Englishmen use 40 gallons, Chinese – 22 and Kenyan - 13 gallons. Strassmann also points out that scientists count, that consumption of water is much more than supply, so that in next three years 36 states will faced the problem of water shortage. Nowadays, Las Vegas, Texas, California, Colorado, Nevada have already run into troubles.
She proposed that caring and love are universal and mysterious (Wagner, 2010). Watson believes that health professionals make moral, social, and scientific contributions to humanity and that a nurses' caring ideal can affect human development (Wagner, 2010). Watson believes that it is imperative in today's society to maintain a caring ideology in practice (Wagner, 2010). Caring is a concept that focuses on having a respectful, non-judgmental, supportive attitude that contributes to the healing process. Watson's theory, in relationship to the metaparadigm of nursing, focuses on the relationship between the nurse and the patient (Wagner, 2010). According to Watson's theory, the nurse and patient form a caring relationship where both the patient and the nurse promote healing (Wagner, 2010). In general, the theory of caring reminds us that a nurse can have a great impact on the life of a patient. If I were to add a new conceptual metaparadigm, it would be the concept of caring since I firmly believe that without caring it will be almost impossible to have wellness at all. If I were to choose one metaparadigm concept to eliminate, I would opt to remove the concept of health since I think that in the concepts of caring and nursing the individual's health should be fully
One must have the full desire to help and care for people in order to have an enjoyable career as a nurse. Nurses are known for the care and compassion shown to the patients and this is comforting for both patients and their families. Caring for a patient can raise their spirits and can inspire a better outlook on their situation. As a nurse, I want to care for all my patients with the hope of improving their health and outlook on their life. I chose Jean Watson because she understands that caring is the core of nursing and believes caring promotes a better health than only performing medical care. She was the first grand theorist that focused on the aspect of caring for the patient while also caring for yourself as the nurse. Watson’s theory
Water is an essential for human beings and their healthy living. The total volume of water on Earth is about 1.4 billion cubic meters. km, of which only 2.5 % , or about 35 million cubic meters. km , is a fresh water . Most of the fresh water reserves are concentrated in the multi-year ice and snow of Antarctica and Greenland. This is why the problem of water is becoming increasingly important every year. These problems arising from droughts and floods, water quality degradation, poor management of water resources; inability to mitigate or adapt to climate change; the increasing number of extreme weather situations as well as the food crises, which are often associated with a lack of water resources. The Water Project stated that 80% of illnesses in arid regions are linked to poor water conditions. 1 out of every 5
Water Scarcity is harmful to human life because when water is poorly managed throughout the world, those who need water are deprived of nutrients they truly need causing them to die. This eventually affects the global population. Therefore many experts have proposed several solutions such as the LifeSaver Bottle, TrojanUVPhox treatment system, and Waste Water Recycling.
There is a global shortage of drinking water. A person might wonder how this can be if seventy percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water. Most of the Earth’s water is unsuitable for human consuption. Ocean water is salt water, which makes up 97.5% of all water on the planet. Freshwater is only 3.5% of all the water on Earth. Drinking water is sourced from bodies of freshwater.
Water is an irreplaceable natural resource on this earth which comprises marine, estuarine, fresh water (river and lakes), ground water across coastal and inland areas. Even though there is huge water resource in this world, about 97% of water is salt water (marine) only 3% is fresh water. And in this small fraction of fresh water a major part is in the form of ice in polar region. So just 0.003% is in the form of ground water and surface water which we can use.