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Symbolism in Hawthorne’s works.
Symbolism in Hawthorne’s works.
1. analyze the use of allegory in hawthorne's short story "young goodman brown"
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The Allegory in “Young Goodman Brown”
It is the purpose of this essay to show that Nathaniel Hawthorne’s “Young Goodman Brown” is indeed an allegory. M. H. Abrams defines an allegory as a “narrative, whether in prose or verse, in which the agents and actions, and sometimes the setting as well, are contrived by the author to make coherent sense on the ‘literal,’ or primary, level of signification, and at the same time to signify a second, correlated order of signification” (5).
Yvor Winters in “Maule’s Curse, or Hawthorne and the Problem of Allegory” says that Hawthorne is essentially an allegorist (11). Stanley T. Williams in “Hawthorne’s Puritan Mind” states that the author was always “perfecting his delicate craft of the symbol, of allegory” (42).
A. N. Kaul states : “In an effort to apprehend and adequately reflect the new complexity of man’s life, he [Hawthorne] molded the venerable – in his case directly inherited – allegorical method into the modern technique of symbolism” (3). It is quite obvious from the names of the characters in the short story that their names are contrived to give a secondary signification. Goodman is on the primary level a simple husband who is following his curiosity about evil; on the level of secondary signification he is Everyman or the new Adam: R. W. B. Lewis in “The Return into Rime: Hawthorne” states: Finally, it was Hawthorne who saw in American experience the re-creation of the story of Adam and who . . . exploited the active metaphor of the American as Adam – before and during and after the Fall” (72). Goodman responds in this way to the fellow-traveller when the latter implicates the governor in devilish deeds:
"Can this be so!" cried Goodman Brown, with...
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Kaul, A.N. “Introduction.” In Hawthorne – A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966.
Leavis, Q.D. “Hawthorne as Poet.” In Hawthorne – A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966.
Lewis, R. W. B. “The Return into Time: Hawthorne.” In Hawthorne – A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966.
Williams, Stanley T. “Hawthorne’s Puritan Mind.” In Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne, edited by Clarice Swisher. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1996.
Winters, Yvor. “Maule’s Curse, or Hawthorne and the Problem of Allegory.” In Hawthorne – A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966.
Lathrop, G. P., ed. "Hawthorne, Nathaniel." The Reader's Encyclopedia of American Literature. Binghamton, New York: Vail-Ballou, 1962. 439-40. Print.
"Nathaniel Hawthorne." American Studies @ The University of Virginia. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2013. http://xroads.virginia.edu/~ma01/lisle/dial/hawthorne.html
Lang, H.J.. “How Ambiguous Is Hawthorne.” In Hawthorne – A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966.
Since ours is an age that has found irony, ambiguity, and paradox to be central not only in literature but in life, it is not surprising that Hawthorne has seemed to us one of the most modern of nineteenth century American writers. The bulk and general excellence of the great outburst of Hawthorne criticism of the past decade attest to his relevance for us (54).
"Nathaniel Hawthorne- Biography." The European Graduate School. The European Graduate School EGS, 1997-2012. Web. 25 November 2013.
On July 4, 1804, an author by the name of Nathaniel Hawthorne was born (Meltzer). As Hawthorne grew, he began to develop a view of himself as “the obscurest man in American letters.” Through the use of popular themes such as isolation, guilt, and earthly imperfection, Hawthorne was able to involve much of his life and ancestral past in his work to answer his own political and religious wonders (“Nathaniel”). Hawthorne successfully “confronts reality rather than evading it” in many of his stories (Clendenning).
Furthermore, Soccer is similar to American football. They both play in a rectangular shape field of natural grass or artificial turf, marked with white lines. They both have two goals on each end. In American football, they kick the ball as well. They kick it at the start of each half and after making a touchdown. Like similarities, they also have differences.
For example, when Brutus grants Antony permission to speak at Caesar’s funeral, he states, “You shall not… blame us/… and say you do’t by our permission” (3.1.270-272). Despite warnings from the astute Cassius, Brutus naively allows Antony to speak at the funeral. Antony abides by Brutus’ instructions to not “blame” the senators but with his eloquence, Antony manages to refute Brutus’ own speech. Trusting Antony led to Brutus’ eventual downfall. While it is true that Brutus is naive, nevertheless, he still leads truthfully and logically. Throughout the play, Brutus has never once lied about his intentions. With every action that he makes, Brutus provides a reasoning or an explanation for it. To illustrate, Brutus provides an explanation for Caesar’s assassination at his funeral, “There are tears for his love, joy for his fortune, honor/for his valor, and death for his ambition” (3.2.29-30). Brutus appeals to logos by demonstrating that there are different outcomes for the different things Caesar does. If Caesar is fortunate, there is “joy” so it would make sense that Caesar should receive “death for his ambition”. The word naive means to lack in wisdom yet with his articulate ways, Brutus convinces the plebeians that killing Caesar is a good decision in his judgement. He makes the fellow Romans forget about his potential lack of visibility by leading honestly and logically. Brutus is able to lead
Football is known around the world but unfortunately not played. Football is an American based sport which ironically is played only in the United States, while soccer on the other hand is played all over the world. Another difference is the kit/protective gear used in playing. In football, Helmet, Shoulder/Chest pad/protector, upper leg padding and mouth guard are rightfully required while in soccer, Shin guards and Boots is all that is required. This is why Soccer is considered a gentleman 's sport played by beasts and Football is a beastly game played by
The authors made some great points about how poverty leads to teen pregnancy or at least it is a risk. Their points were clear and precise. Each argument that was presented had facts, data, and statistics that made them valid. The most interesting argument that the authors presented was the fact that not only was pregnancy an initial risk, repeat pregnancy was also a high risk. According to Michelle Castillo, an associate editor for CBSNews.com, this argument is a huge problem for teen girls in the United States. About one in five teenage women in the United States will get pregnant again (Castillo). When Dr. Garwood brought this argument up, I was surprised. I was surprised because these young women live in poverty, how could they afford to support another child? After reading the article, I became more intrigued by the fact that poverty, CPS history and maltreatment is a significant reason why these teenage girls are getting pregnant early. The
“Nathaniel Hawthorne – Biography.” The European Graduate School. The European Graduate School, n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2014
Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. American Literature. Vol. 1. New York: Penguin Academics, 2004. 592-778. Print.
Lewis, R. W. B. “The Return into Time: Hawthorne.” In Hawthorne – A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966.
Nathaniel Hawthorne’s “Young Goodman Brown” captivates the reader through a glimpse of the Puritan church. The story also shows the struggle of good versus evil in the main character Goodman Brown. The role of the Puritan church is crucial in shaping Goodman Brown’s personality and helping the reader understand why he was reluctant to continue his journey.
Athletes who play football share the same goal as athletes who play soccer: score the most goals to win the game. In football, there are two areas on opposite sides of the field where one can score points by bringing the football over the goal line. Soccer shares this same concept by having two nets on opposite sides of the field where one can score a point by kicking the soccer ball into the net. Also, both sports share the concept of having an offense and defense, and both sports each have eleven players on a team on the field at a time. These are only few of many similarities between these two sports, but in actuality, they are significantly different. The rules, rituals, and concepts of both sports distinguish themselves from each other.