When did American Literature begin?
-with the Native Americans
Three dominant characteristics/themes of Native American Literature?
1. Relationship with the land
2. Belief in the Great Manito
3. Use of natural images
How did Columbus describe the New World?
-astonishing, colorful, marvelous speed of the canoes, a paradise
Identify:
-Bay Psalm Book: first book published in America
-manito: spiritual forces
-Walum Olum: painted record
-allusion: reference to something
-concrete language: short, forceful, cleaner
-conceit: controlling image
-analogy: comparison
-simile: direct comparison using like or as
-metaphor: saying it is something its not
-antonyms: two opposite words
-irony: opposite of what's supposed to happen
-sarcasm: low form of irony
-Great Awakening: fervent revival of religious dedication
-pictographs: word pictures
Compare and contrast the literature of Puritans and the southern colonies.
-Puritans: simple, religious, practical, examining of spiritual selves, communicated ideas clearly, explained Biblical interpretation
-Southerners: flashy, flowery, ornate, complicated, decorative
What is the purpose of ‘A Description of New England?' How does the author go about meeting this purpose?
-to get people to move to New England; exaggerates the good, doesn't mention the bad
What does TULIP stand for? Explain each point.
-Total Depravity/inability
-Unconditional election/selection
-Limited Atonement
-Irresistible grace
-Perseverance/preservation for the saints
Identify the conceit of ‘In Reference to Her Children' and ‘Huswifery'
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...ial encounter with the Devil, wife's involvement, terms of tom's deal, occupation, Tom's fate.
Translate Thanatopsis. Summarize Bryant's thanatopsis.
-‘view of death,' Bryant's view was deaath is one with nature, be with other great people who have gone before, etc.
Define:
-meter: regular rhythm in poetry, unit of meter
-foot of poetry: stressed/unstressed syllables/ one stressed two unstressed syllables How is the Black Cat an example of Romantic Literature?
-focus on self and individual, fascination with the supernatural, gothic
Compare and contrast the following views on the dark side of humanity:
-Death Instinct/Spirit o Perverseness: Freud and Poe–dark side is constantly present -Sinful Nature: Christianity–there is a way out
According to Montressor, what are the two requirements of meaningful revenge?
-can't be consumed by it, once you've taken your revenge, drop it
-don't let the person know you're upset with them and seeking revenge
For example, the Revenue and Expense Recognition Principle, in which companies recognize revenues and expenses in the period of time when these are earned, these are the basis of Accrual Accounting. Another important concept considered is the Cash-Basis in Accounting, in which companies should recognize revenue once cash is taken and expense when cash is paid, but this is not always accepted. After analyzing both sides (the owners and the players), and considering the two versions of Income Statement we can realize that they agree in many points but the dispute is fundamentally in the following
Changes in the Land by William Cronon depicts the changes in New England brought upon by the European settlers in the 1600s. What was once only occupied by Native Americans, New England’s resources were sustainably consumed by the indigenous people of the land. However, in Cronan’s perspective, the arrival of the settlers brought upon drastic and detrimental consequences that would go on to affect the ecology of New England today. An apparent theme brought up in Changes in the Land is adaptation. Cronan arrays the theme of adaptation by displaying how the natives had to adapt to a sporadically changing lifestyle that the colonists attempted to assimilate into the land and its people.
Stick, David. Roanoke Island: The Beginnings of English America. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P, 1983. Print.
The circumstances in Haiti just before The French Revolution were prime for an insurrection to occur. Lacking a clear and defined political authority, the White colonists were unable to contain adequate the rebellion that they had been forced upon themselves for years. Their contemptible treatment of Negroes and Mulattoes in Haiti sped up the progress of the cause of the abolition of slavery in Haiti. The excesses of that contemptible treatment are the very reason why the Haitian Revolution was so successful: the treatment of slaves and Mulattoes in Haiti was so bad that it forced the most violent and ultimately, the most successful slave insurrection in history. The French Revolution provided the necessary spark for the revolution in Haiti
It is easier to describe what is not freedom, in the eyes of Rousseau and Marx, than it would be to say what it is. For Rousseau, his concept of freedom cannot exist so long as a human being holds power over others, for this is counter to nature. People lack freedom because they are constantly under the power of others, whether that be the tyrannical rule of a single king or the seething majority which can stifle liberty just as effectively. To be truly free, says Rousseau, there has to be a synchronization of perfect in...
Literature has changed America by challenging people to change their mind. This paper is going to be about how Literature Made a Difference in America. Literature changed the way people think socially and Individually. It changed America Socially because people started to think more of what and how they want the world to be.
Every small business must make a choice between two accounting methods, the cash method or the accrual method. The difference between the two is how and when you record income and expenses. In the cash vs accrual accounting debate, most experts recommend the accrual method for businesses, however, there are pros and cons to both and ultimately it 's up to you to decide which is right for your business.
The opening line of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's influential work 'The Social Contract' (1762), is 'man is born free, and he is everywhere in chains. Those who think themselves masters of others are indeed greater slaves than they'. These are not physical chains, but psychological and means that all men are constraints of the laws they are subjected to, and that they are forced into a false liberty, irrespective of class. This goes against Rousseau's theory of general will which is at the heart of his philosophy. In his Social Contract, Rousseau describes the transition from a state of of nature, where men are naturally free, to a state where they have to relinquish their naturalistic freedom. In this state, and by giving up their natural rights, individuals communise their rights to a state or body politic. Rousseau thinks by entering this social contract, where individuals unite their power and freedom, they can then gain civic freedom which enables them to remain free as the were before. In this essay, I will endeavour to provide arguments and examples to conclude if Rousseau provides a viable solution to what he calls the 'fundamental problem' posed in the essay title.
While the United States was forming as a country, its literary identity was forming as well through a melting pot of writers including Benjamin Franklin, St. John de Crévecœur, Thomas Paine, and Phillis Wheatley. This included a number of forms of literature including the epic, political pamphlets, and poetry.
Through the times, the New World has been developing and changing. As time has passed, the New World has been divided into three sections, the New England, which is the north, Chesapeake Region or Bay, and the South. All three sections are in the same country, but they have their own uniqueness and differences from each other. Their uniqueness and differences can be seen through their population, economics, diseases, climate, and social and religious life.
In The Social Contract, John Locke explains his social contract theory. Rousseau explains Locke’s philosophy as, “Man was born free, and he is everywhere in chains” (R169). Both philosophers agree that no individual should ever be forced to give up his or her natural rights to a king or any other successor
In essence, American literature refers to literature that was written as well as produced, in the United States of America and any other preceding colonies. In the early history of the United States, the country was a series of the many British colonies. In this case, early literary tradition begins with the broader tradition of English literature. However, there have been unique American characteristics as well as the breadth of the production, which has usually made it essential to consider it separately. In essence, New England colonies were involved in early American Literature. In particular, the revolutionary period was characterized by political writings by politicians like Benjamin Franklin and Samuel Adams. In the era after the War
When Jean Jacques Rousseau wrote the Social Contract, the concepts of liberty and freedom were not new ideas. Many political theorists such as Thomas Hobbes and John Locke had already developed their own interpretations of liberty, and in fact Locke had already published his views on the social contract. What Rousseau did was to revolutionize the concepts encompassed by such weighty words, and introduce us to another approach to the social contract dilemma. What would bring man to leave the state of nature, and enter into an organized society? Liberals believed it was the guarantee of protection - liberty to them signified being free from harm towards one’s property. Rousseau’s notion of freedom was completely different than that of traditional liberals. To him, liberty meant a voice, and participation. It wasn’t enough to be simply protected under the shield of a sovereign, Rousseau believed that to elevate ourselves out of the state of nature, man must participate in the process of being the sovereign that provided the protection. The differences between Rousseau’s theories and those of the liberals of his time, begin with different interpretations of the state of nature. Thomas Hobbes described the state of nature as an unsafe place, where the threat of harm to one’s property was always present. He felt that man could have no liberty in such a setting, as fear of persecution and enslavement would control his every action. From this dismal setting, Hobbes proposed that man would necessarily rise and enter into a social contract.
Shklar, J. (1969). Men and Citizens: A study of Rousseau's social theory. Cambridge: Cambridge UNiversity Press.
Those not thoroughly educated in communication tend to confuse the terms “hearing” and “listening.” Although they appear to mean the same thing, utilize the same body part, and are both required for functional communication, there is a great difference between these two actions. Hearing involves the perception of sound using the ears, while listening is based upon giving attention to the sound being perceived. Additionally, because these concepts are different, there are also several different ways of improving hearing and listening. Thus, there are several differences between these two concepts, and it is important to signify these differences in order to practice effective communication.