Abstract Expressionism
"New needs need new techniques. And the modern artists have found new
ways and new means of making their statements ... the modern painter
cannot express this age, the airplane, the atom bomb, the radio, in
the old forms of the Renaissance or of any other past culture."
Jackson Pollock
Rarely has such a massive transfer of influence has ever touched the
world as did in the Paris to New York shift of the 1940's and 1950's.
All of the characters of American art were to be expelled in a rapid
shift of power. No longer would American artists be the lamb suckling
at the teat of European sources, American art was to dispose of
narrow-mindedness, an uninterested public, and liberate itself into a
valued and meaningful force equal to, and in fact exceeding that of,
art produced anywhere within the era. The painting and sculpture that
emerged from the 'New York School' in the mid 1940s was the foremost
artistic movement of its time. It was labelled as the Abstract
Expressionist movement. This is a turning point in American art
history for the reason that it caused the rest of the art world to
recognize New York as the new center of innovation.
The outbreak of World War Two had devastated the world massively,
crushing world economies, social structure and optimistic manifestos
left, right and centre. The war had long ruled out any naïve
enthusiasm for art or artist, art no longer had the courage to be a
vehicle for ideology of any kind. European art took a more realist
stance post-war and the Paris scene delved into accuracy and
subjective art. The demand for art increased as financial affluence
returned to the world, particularly America which (having entered the
war later than most Allies) had not been so damaged economically and
socially by the war. America had not suffered extensive bombing like
Europe and was prepared to invest in art 'Modern art became a modern
and popular affair' (Mid-Century Paintings in the USA by)
Technological advances like progress in printing and reproduction
methods brought art to a larger amount of the public, no longer was
art a fad or declaration of wealth owned only by the elite. Government
grants, banks churches and communities began to reward artists for
works in exhibition and fund displays; this insured that a steady flow
of art and artists were drawn from shell-sh...
... middle of paper ...
...m. In Minimalism objects are cut down to their fundamental,
geometric form, and presented in an impersonal manner. This movement
is a direct descendant of Abstract Expressionism, and colour-field
painters in particular. Large scale washes of colour in sections and
the overall emotion evoked being far more important than any kind of
subject matter. A number of famous developments were led by artists
associated with Abstract Expressionists and New York school artists.
As the influence of abstract expressionism decreased in the 1960s,
artists came to question the very philosophy underlying modernism. As
the force and vigour of abstract expressionism diminished, new
artistic movements and styles arose during the 1960s and 70s to
challenge and displace modernism in painting, sculpture, and other
media. This is how Pop art reared its head. Dada-like styles employed
in the early 1960s and thereafter by Robert Rauschenberg and Jasper
Johns had widespread influence, as did the styles of many other
artists. Abstract Expressionism, far from dead however, is still very
much alive and living. It lives in modern pieces and artists across
the globe; its influence knows no bounds.
Major League Baseball (MLB) has widely been regarded as America’s pastime for the longest time, however it is now becoming known as the sport tainted by one thing, anabolic steroids. An anabolic steroid is related to the natural steroid, testosterone. They are able to stimulate growth in the muscle tissue. They usually increase muscle mass and strength. The MLB has created some of the most historic American icons, such as Babe Ruth and Ted Williams. Players like them showed us what it was like to play baseball the right way. They played with passion, heart, and above all they had fun playing. Players today in the MLB focus way too much on becoming the best player ever to play. They see what the greats did before them and they want to match them, so they turn to anabolic steroids. An example of this is Alex Rodriguez. In 2003 he tested positive for anabolic steroids because he was “naïve” and couldn’t take the pressure of his expectations of being called the best. He felt the pressure from the game and he turned to steroids. Anabolic steroids are ruining the game of baseball. They are tainting the records and the changing the game for the worse.
Baseball?s reputation has been painted with a red asterisk. The non-medical use of steroids has been banned according to the Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 1990. Many baseball athletes have been caught or presumed illegal users of HGH or Steroids since the act passed in 1990. All these athletes have one thing in common, they want to have an edge or advantage on the game. Some athletes even admit to administering the drug to other athletes and themselves. Jose Conseco testified to personally injecting the steroids into Mark McGuire (Cote).
decades or so covering baseball on the subject of steroids -- what they do, how the game
Baseball has always been known as “America’s Favorite Pastime”. Over the past decade, the game America knows and loves has been exposed as a game full of cheaters. Major League Baseball(MLB) has had over one hundred players test positive for performance-enhancing substances over the past fifteen years. Performance-enhancing substances increase a player’s ability to produce better stats to help his salary. The past fifteen years of baseball have contained dirty play by some of the best players to ever play the sport. Kids all over America look at these athletes as role models. The money hungry players proceed to send a terrible message to fans of the game by taking drugs to succeed. After commissioner Bud Selig cracked down on steroid use in 2005, several baseball player’s legacies have been ruined due to steroid allegations. Players are even being charged with perjury by lying to congress over steroid use to protect their reputation. Steroids in baseball need to stop immediately before the game is ruined. Steroids are not fair to the players who play the game the way it’s supposed to be played, without syringes. Steroids are ruining the fairness of the game of baseball and the credibility of the athletes participating. These days, if someone hits fifty home runs in a season, everyone thinks they are on the “juice”. “The Steroid Era” and Bud Selig have ruined baseball’s image as a clean and fair game.
Steroids need to be allowed in baseball because it will bring more excitement back into the game. “Steroids will cause baseball players to build more muscle which means that they will most likely increase their offensive stats. The stat that it will mostly increase is the homerun” (Vass). People that watch baseball unless they are die-hard baseball fans do not want to watch baseball to see a team play a good defensive game. They do not want to see a low scoring game. They watch the game of baseball hoping a player will hit the ball four hundred and fifty feet out of the ballpark. They want to see a player come up clutch and hit a walk off homerun to win the game for their team and their ...
In 2002 Commissioner Bud Selig and MLB produced a policy to begin testing players in 2003. In 2003 the first year testing began and despite the new policy 104 MLB players tested positive for steroids (Schlegel, 2009). The U.S. House of Representatives held a hearing Restoring Faith in America’s Pastime: Evaluating Major League Baseball’s Efforts to Eradicate Steroid Use. Even though one year earlier government officials held a similar hearing for the Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 2004, they were right back at it. Regretta...
“We have to make some radical move to get the attention of everyone. Cheaters can 't win and steroids has put us in the position that it 's OK to cheat” (“Steroids Quotes”). Unfortunately, baseball has been plagued with the assistance of performance enhancing drugs to lengthen players careers, to boost statistics, and create an extraordinary ballplayer out of an average player. Contrary to the steroid abusers’ beliefs, steroids are not positively influencing any aspect of their game or personal life. The credibility and dignity of baseball has decreased due to performance enhancing drugs, which is not only cheating, but it also leads into a even
Steroids are unhealthy for baseball players and they are giving the game of baseball a bad reputation. Since steroids have become such a hot topic in Major League Baseball (MLB) fans have had nothing but bad things to say about the sport and its players. When sports illustrated asked some of its readers to give reaction to the steroid controversy in the MLB here is what baseball fan Howard Langsner from New York had to say 'Horrible, just horrible. We take Olympic medals away from athletes on steroids, but we're supposed to look the other way in MLB because a guy can make the ball go further? Drug testing is commonplace everywhere, and used in other sports, as the article mentioned. Baseball should be no different'. Matt Bookman of San Jose, California writes 'That's it. I'm done as a baseball fan until MLB has a comprehensive drug testing policy. I feel so naive. I really thought that the players had gotten bigger and stronger because they had learned the value of hitting the weight room and staying in shape during the off season. It breaks my heart that I won't be able to give my children the same experience I had growing up -- to go to the ballpark and feel good about your guys and cheer on your team.' The fans reaction speaks for itself but MLB should not sit back and let steroids take over a game that was at one time America?s pastime. In this paper research will be given on what exactly are anabolic steroids and how they can affect your body, testing policies, the effectiveness of steroids on players and major league baseball.
...nd he is just leveling the field by helping other players cheat the system”(Porter). If performance enhancing drugs have taken over the game of baseball then it doesn’t matter who uses them anymore. Performance enhancing drugs are so common in baseball that “Steroids in sport (and drug use, more broadly) is a departure from mainstream public norms” (Durkheim). Baseball should now worry about the other problems they have leaving the PED situation alone.
Death remains as one of the greatest mysteries today. Even though dying is a natural part of existence, American culture is unique in the extent to which death is viewed as a taboo topic. Rather than having open discussions, we tend to view death as a feared enemy that can and should be defeated by modern medicine and machines. Many people fear their end of life care, dying, and what will come after death. Society has become institutionalized, therefore most people die in a place with many health professionals. One main controversy over the last few decades are whether or not people should be able to choose when they die with assistance from a physician. Physician assisted suicide is the voluntary termination of one's own life by administration of a lethal substance with the direct or indirect assistance of a physician. Physician-assisted suicide is the practice of providing a competent patient with a prescription for medication for the patient to use with the primary intention of ending his or her own life. There are some people that are strong advocates and others that do not agree at all.
Perhaps one of the most controversial topics in Major League Baseball is the discussion of the use of steroids and human growth hormones. Both are completely illegal in the sport, and come with drastic consequences. One would think a fifty game suspension as a first offense would scare players away, but for some reason steroids in baseball is occurring more and more often to the disappointment of Major League Baseball. The reason players take steroids in the first place is to enhance their performance on the field. Steroids make players stronger and they perform at a higher rate. Another use for steroids is to help the players on certain rehab assignments for injuries. Either way, it is still illegal and banned in the sport.
Americans today tend to believe that there are only a select few in sports who are users of steroids. However, according to Julian Savulescu, "20.3% of professional athletes said they have tried drugs or steroids to improve their performance in the game" (3). At this high percentage, about one in five athletes are considered "cheaters". Jacob Beck believes that "using steroids is not cheating if a whole generation of the best and most promising athletes have been doing it" (5). There is no reason to continue trying to catch steroid users when so many athletes take them. All major league sports are filled with steroid use to some extent. It is impossible to have a perfectly "clean" sport without eliminating a good percentage of its players. Since steroids already have a major presence in major league sports and there is no way to ever completely get rid of them, steroid use should be legalized. By legalizing steroids, athletes would no longer have to worry about unsafe or risky suppliers; with prescriptions from doctors, steroids would be safe for the athletes, and users would be less likely to abuse them. Also, the playing fields for all sports would be more equal than they have ever been in a long time. By creating an equal playing field, sport records would be more meaningful and there would be much fewer arguments for cheating or an unfair record. With an increase in muscle strength, there would be fewer injuries and more quality performances, which would make fans more inclined to go to a game knowing there was going to be a great display of strength and athleticism.
First off, the MLB has grown in popularity over the years due to the use of steroids by many big name players. Many rules have been put into place to try to prevent performance enhancing drugs. S...
In the medieval, the arranged marriage which is a type of marital union where the bride and groom are selected by a third party rather than by themselves seems to be a norm worldwide. This sort of marriage is ludicrous especially in the contemporary society, however, it gradually tends to be set up by modern individuals' parents or marriage agency excluding the royal and aristocratic clans and numerous in underdeveloped countries. Although this marriage sounds ridiculous and against the human rights, it absolutely bears some merits catering to the modern lifestyle and relationship pattern.
Started as a trend in Germany to reflect the feelings of the German people in World War l, German Expressionism became an universal movement that influenced film noir and comic books films like Sin City.