Money Past and Present.
Money as a medium of exchange in barter and trade has always in all times found expression in some form or other from necessity thereof. In the remotest periods, before gold or silver were generally in use, it took the form of animals, oxen, sheep, lambs, shells, etc. Thus we find used cattle in Germany, leather in Rome, sugar in the West Indies, shells in Siam, lead in Burmah, platinum in Russia, tin in Great Britain, iron and nails in Scotland, brass in China, and finally copper, silver and gold the world over.
If we look up the sacred writings in quest of the earliest use of money quoted therein, we will find that the Bible mentions gold as a medium of value in the very first book of Moses which according to modern synchronology, would be about 4,000 years before the time of Christ, or almost 6,000 years ago. Namely, Genesis, Chapter II, 10, 11, 12. And a river went out of Eden, and the land of Haviliah, where there is gold and the gold of that land is good. Hence Adam and Eve could have found gold in Haviliah just the same as we do in the Yukon today. Immediately thereafter brass and iron are mentioned, Genesis, Chapter IV, 22. And Zillah she bare Tubal-Cain an instructor of every artificer in brass and iron. Tubal-Cain, son of Iamech, a descendant of Cain, apparently was the first man to shape metals into articles of use and probably our very first goldsmith and jeweler.
Silver is first mentioned in the Bible in the time of Abram, Genesis, Chapter XIII, 2, Abram was very rich in cattle, in silver and gold. The earliest mention of the word money occurs in Genesis, Chapter XVII, 12, 13, 23, He that is born in the house or bought with money. The first use of earrings and bracelets appears in Genesi...
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...uctions are from photographs of the original coins and are fully explained as to their metal, denomination, country, etc., by the description printed with each plate.
This, then, is the story of money -- how it came to be -- what it is today.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
Bressett, K.1991. Collectible American Coins. Publication International, Ltd., Lincolnwood, IL.
Genesis, 1971. Ch. II, 10, 11, 13; Ch. XXIV, 22, 30; Ch. IV, 22; Ch. XIII, 2, Ch. VII, 22, in The Holy Bible, Revised Standard Version. Teaneck, NJ: Collins/Cokesbury.
Mehl, M, 2004. A History Of Money. The Star Rare Coin Encyclopedia and Premium Catalog. The Numismatic Company of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas.
Seidler, N., 1965. The Story of Money. Western Publishing Company, INC., USA.
Yeoman, R., 2003. A Guide Book of US Coins. Whitman Publishing, LLC., Atlanta, GA.
http://www.mfa.org/handbook/classic
Today, it's believed the first coins used and were bronze in West Valley City, around 20017. Coins were employed by Lydia in Asia Minor. The coins of the Lydian were termed "starters" that was a unit of weight. Entrepreneurs were placed having a lion's mind impression and made out of silver and gold metal. Nowadays, as you may think, the coins which can be still outstanding are very useful.
Although much of the nation believes that the Electoral College should be kept, there are many reasons as to why the Electoral College should be abolished. First off, the fact that there is a possibility that the popular vote of the citizens is not really taken into consideration when it comes down to electing a president that will rule over them. Although the citizens are allowed to cast a vote in favor of the particular candidate that they wish to elect, but it is not necessary that the electoral vote reflects the votes casted by majority of the population of that state. As a result of the unjust representation of the people’s votes, which adds to the many reason as why the Electoral College should be abolished, the voter turnout has been decreasing as an increasing amount of the citizens realize that their votes doesn’t actually matter. Even though the Electoral College will still be in place for a decent amount of the future, if I were to devise a new way to elect the President and the Vice President of the United States of America I was leave it to direct popular vote by the citizens which the Electors must be obliged to cast their vote corresponding to the popular vote of the citizens. Also, the distribution of electors between states should be increasingly equal. This way the United States of America can leave up to its democratic name and the citizens of the
This process of electing a president is unjust and is not based off of the people’s views. In Document D the chart provided illustrates how some of the electoral votes favor some states over others; for example the twelve states listed and the district of Columbia seem to have a bigger say in the presidential election process than the citizens of Illinois. This itself is unfair because Illinois deserves to have an accurate representation of their votes, the same as other states do. This shows that the Electoral College undercuts the principle of one person, one vote, and therefore violates political equality. “It is not a neutral counting device... it favors some citizens over others, depending solely upon the state in which voters cast their votes for president” (Document D). Political equality means all citizens are equal and it also allows citizens to partake in state affairs, including the right to vote and the right to challenge elections. However the Electoral College violates the principle of this for the fact that it weighs some citizens’ votes more heavily than others (video). Generally it makes no sense for the people to vote if they’re not even counted, and either way it violates their rights.
While the idea of money as being so important in daily life in the modern era is not a concept that is given much thought, it is very important to realize that this is not exactly a new concept. It was as important during the medieval period in the time of Saint Francis of Assisi. Wealth, in many cases of modern times and medieval is seen as both the main factor for running the world as well as its downfall. It is something that no matter the period we as humans understand and use to classify the world in both abstract and in more literal ways.
However some people and/or politics are still for the electoral college because it makes winning a lot easier than popular vote does which isn't right. They believe this because why work hard when you don’t have too. But a good argument that they have made is that they say its for the people by the people. Thats the way it was meant to be but it’s not bec...
The gold that was used to make jewelry in Egyptian times was not scarce like it is in present day. Mines between the Nile River and Red Sea coast yielded large quantities of this precious metal. They also imported precious stones from the Sinai Peninsula and even Afghanistan. The Egyptians, however, had no knowledge of the gemstones and jewels we have today, such as diamonds, emeralds, and rubies.
The Electoral College was a compromise between those at the Constitutional Convention who wanted the US president elected by popular vote and those who wanted congress to select the president. They believed that having it where each state would get a certain number of votes based on population would keep a manipulative and charming person out of office. They thought it would prevent bribery and corruption along with secret dealings. I don’t think that this is the case and it one of the reason I feel that the Electoral College should be abolished.
The Electoral College plays a critical role in the election of the President of the United States of America. First introduced in 1787, the founding fathers implemented this system as a way to ensure a more efficient voting process (Soros). During this time the Electoral College did serve a noble purpose and in fact, was the most efficient way of voting in a time when mass transportation and technology did not exist. By participating in this process, townships were able to send a representative to cast a collective vote for that area. The modern Electoral College still operates in a similar fashion and yet, fails to serve a modern-day purpose. It challenges the democratic principles which the United States was founded on and may even operate illegally. Today, “forty-eight of the fifty states appoint (their) electors through a "winner take all" method of election” which is “not simply undemocratic, but potentially illegal...
As humans developed and became sophisticated we needed ways other than just barter to exchange goods. Currency began in Anatolia in 12,000 BC with the distribution of obsidian to the people. In 9,000 BC trade began in the Mediterranean with the use of grain and cattle as a way to trade. (Wikipedia) In these times money was based on their marketability and utility, this means that although they did not use what we think as currency at this time such as coins and bills, if they were an agricultural society they would trade grains for cereals and things that involved grain because of their process ability. The use of gold was traced back to the fourth millennium BC in Egypt and the use of silver at the same time in Mesopotamia. Ancient Greece used similar coinage that began approximately in 700 BC. There are three periods in the time of Ancient Greece. The Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic periods, all of which have a different variation of currency.
During the transition from the nineteenth to the twentieth century, a psychologist named Sigmund Freud welcomed the new age with his socially unacceptable yet undoubtedly intriguing ideologies; one of many was his Psychoanalytic Theory of Dreams. Freud believed that dreams are the gateway into a person’s unconscious mind and repressed desires. He was also determined to prove his theory and the structure, mechanism, and symbolism behind it through a study of his patients’ as well as his own dreams. He contended that all dreams had meaning and were the representation of a person’s repressed wish. While the weaknesses of his theory allowed many people to deem it as merely wishful thinking, he was a brilliant man, and his theory on dreams also had many strengths. Freud’s theories of the unconscious mind enabled him to go down in history as the prominent creator of Psychoanalysis.
Gold is one metal commonly found in jewelry and other ornate objects. This precious metal with the chemical symbol of Au, from the Greek “Aurum” literally meaning “shining dawn”, has been described as a symbol of wealth or power. Humans in general have had a hunger for this shiny metal. Goldfacts.org’s FAQ section states that 71,147,581 ounces of gold was used for jewelry was used in 2010. It is estimated that the total amount of gold, 5,407,112,558 ounces, in the world would add up to become a cube with edges measuring 19 meters each.
For an extended period of time, our representatives have struggled to create a system that would help run our country in an organized and efficient manner. To be able to do the following, an electoral college system was created. This system was and is still used today to elect officials such as the President and Vice President whom will run our country and more. Though this system has many strong attributes that gave America the chance to voice what they wanted, it also has its flaws that hindered the very same aspect.
Gold is one of the oldest and most valuable metals on earth and as such nobody knows the actual time or date when gold history began. Although Egyptian historians claim that gold history began as far back as 3600 BC. According to them, humans have been taken up with the luster and splendor of gold since that time. According to some other historians, gold history began about 6000 years ago when people started making use of it to make jewelry and other adorning ornaments in Eastern Europe, Egypt and the Near East, because of its low resistance, shine and its unchanging beauty. Regardless of how gold history began and what made it so popular, one sure thing is that gold has an exceedingly long usage history period in this world. Gold has been in use as a type of money and a medium of exchange in business. The first gold bars were manufactured in the Greek and Roman empires, as far back as the 4th century and since that time; they’ve been in use as a medium of payment. In 1091 BC, Chinese people started to employ its usage in the form of little gold squares as a type of money.
Silver trading in the Americas started in the 1500’s when Europeans exchanged personal items including silver for fur pelts with the Native American tribes. During these times, the natives live off the land and have no knowledge about silver value. However, they liked the shape and designs of the silver jewelries, brooches, and pins that they prefer them for trade. Eventually it became the medium for the fur trade.
Despite of its uselessness, gold is known to be expensive. The reasons are quite simple: because gold is rarely found, gold cannot be created and most importantly is it is shiny and does not oxidize. Gold hence is widely used as jewelry and other representative uses. In addition to that, the overgrowing demand for jewelry and the rareness of gold hence determined its price. In return, gold is assumed as the ideal store of wealth for its high price.