"Thinness equals success" is the notion that many college-aged, upper-middle class, white women looking to become part of professional society hold today. The "Culture of Slenderness" has many ways of exerting its influence and fulfilling its aims effectively (Toro, Cervera, Perez, 1988, pg.136). This message has been exploited by the media and by society's professional work force. Since the woman's arrival into professional society, a new norm has been set by white professional men that has begun to affect a new generation of white women leaders. Not only do they feel that it is necessary to maintain an intellectual edge, but also a slim figure to succeed.
The Figures
This target group of women are striving to reach often unattainable body images to meet the standards set by the media and the dominant white men in the professional world. Individuals with eating disorders including anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are 95% women and 5% men (Toro, Cervera, and Perez, 1988, pg. 132). Of this 95% of women, the target group comprises 90% of these individuals (Hamilton and Waller, 1993, pg. 838). Research has proven that it is not only these women who have turned the idea of "thinness equals success" into a norm, but that society has played a major role.
Research Group
The sample group of women that this research has been based on are college-aged, high-achieving, white women. Eating disorders are especially prominent in this group because these women are becoming a more prevalent force in professional society. Another reason for this prominence is the fact that within the white man's culture, it is important for women to possess a body that is desirable for white men. The body type of choice for this group of ...
... middle of paper ...
...o Fat? Too Thin?, June 3, 1996.
3. Habermas, T.(1992). Possible effects of the popular and medical recognition of
bulimia nervosa, British Journal of Medical Psychology, vol. 65, 59-66.
4. Hamilton, K. and Waller, G.(1993). Media influences on body size estimation in
anorexia and bulimia, British Journal of Psychiatry, vol. 162, 837-840.
5. Silverstein, B., Perdue, L., Peterson, B., Vogel, L., and Fantini, D.A.(1986). Possible
Causes of the thin standard of bodily attractiveness for women, International
Journal of Eating Disorders, vol. 5, 907-916.
6. Toro, J., Cervera, M. and Perez, P.(1988). Body shape, publicity, and anorexia
nervosa, Social Psychiatry Psychiatric Epidemiology, vol. 23, 132-136.
7. Taub, D.E., and McLorg, P.A. Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia: The Development
of Deviant Identities, 196-208.
Australia is a very unique place, along with our multiculturalism there is also a strong heritage surrounding us. At first thought of Australian heritage we think about such landmarks as Uluru, The Sydney harbour bridge and The Sydney opera house, The Great Barrier reef and other internationally recognised places. But our heritage goes much deeper than that; it is far more than outstanding icons. Along with these icons there are also unsung places like the old cattle stations, Aboriginal missions, migrant hostels, War memorials, our unique wetlands and the towns and cities we have built. Adding all of these things together, helps to tell the story of who we are and how we have shaped this land in the unique identity it has today.
In today's global economy, energy is one of the most crucial and sought after commodities. Who supplies it and how much they supply determines how much influence they have over other countries as well as the global economy. This is why hydraulic fracturing is currently such an important and controversial topic in the United States. Hydraulic fracturing, more commonly known as "fracking" or hydrofracturing, is the process of using pressurized liquids to fracture rocks and release hydrocarbons such as shale gas, which burns more efficiently than coal. This booming process of energy production provides a much needed economic boost, creating jobs and providing gas energy for Americans. The efficiently burning shale gas reduces carbon emission from electricity production plants, reducing carbon footprints on the environment. However, the process of hydraulic fracturing uses millions of gallons of pressurized liquid, which contains toxic chemicals, and some of this water is left over undealt with. The air near fracking sites is often also polluted and unsafe for nearby community residents. Injecting millions of gallons of water laced with toxic chemicals into the rock thousands of feet deep can cause earthquakes, causing a safety hazards for all nearby areas. Hydraulic Fracturing makes rare natural gases easily attainable, boosting the economy and reducing carbon emissions. However, the negative side effects such as contaminated water and air, make hydraulic fracturing a process that may not be worth the benefits.
Something fun about Australia, Australia’s primary language is English and we have 2 main cultures here, the Torres Strait Islander people and the English. While the English
Vietnam is a time in American history that most of us would like to forget, but really, we must learn from it. Vietnam is a time where we didn't look at the whole picture, it was 'perceived through the lens of Cold War politics.' (MP:420) With the new ?domino theory,? Americans feared for their safety and the safety of the 'free world.' If they didn't step in, they would inevitably lose the world to communism.
“It is my conviction that killing under the cloak of war is nothing but an act of murder,” Albert Einstein. The Vietnam War was a war that America did not need. America believed they were doing good. They believed that they were protecting the people of Vietnam. America did not realise that they were only making a bad situation worse. America stopped nothing. They didn’t stop communism; they didn’t save the people of Vietnam. America caused the number of casualties in Vietnam to increase and had their own people killed. They caused diseases and destroyed the environment with the help of Agent Orange. America sent soldiers on a mission with a result of hundreds of civilians murdered. America did not help anyone. America sent people out to murder others and to be killed in the line of duty.
President Richard Nixon once said "No event in America history is more misunderstood than the Vietnam war. Was misreported then it is misremembered now" (Nixon). The Vietnam War was one the longest wars in the world. It starred around 1940's When Ho Chi Minh raised to power. The war didn't just affect Vietnam, it effected the whole world. The United States joined the war around 1960's and ended in 1975. Both the Vietnam War and play Macbeth exhibits the theme of Patriotism. Newly elected president Nixon declared in 1969 that the United states would continue the involvement in the Vietnam War in order to "Help end the conflict and secure peace with honor for the United States" (Nixon). Most Americans thought the Vietnam War as a phenomenon of the 1960's when the US combat troops arrived in Vietnam. The Vietnamese people thought that the conflict started long before that when the Communist-dominated Viet-Minh who was led by the veteran revolutionary Ho Chi Minh, seized power in Hanoi from when he defeated the Japanese at the end of World War Two. After no negotiation returned from Ho Chi Minh full scale war broke out in December 1946. President Washington efforts to intimidated Hanoi failed, Communist leaders were then convinced that the Saigon Region was near to collapse and, North Vietnam stepped up infiltration and ordered a major effort to seek final victory in the south. but when Vie-Cong forces attacked a US camp at Pleiku in early February 1965. Johnson responded with in air-strike called Operation Rolling Thunder this convinced to enter the Vietnam War. The war has been considered a defeat to the United States. But In fact, the issues is not quite clear-cut. As where both Cambodia and Loas were placed under communist rule ...
Humans seem to be obsessed with finding a certain substance to rely on for a better life. In almost every culture on the planet, such substances have been imagined, like the glorious ambrosia of the ancient Greek gods, the forbidden fruit by which Eve was tempted, or, in the World State, the censoring soma. Soma ‘enhanced’ the lives of the people of the World State by allowing them to ignore reality, suppress negative emotions, and amplify positive feelings, but through the consumption of soma, the citizens also censored themselves to the full awareness of their monotonous lives and hopeless state. Lenina, a character noted for her continuous use of soma, visits a reservation where soma is not used. After seeing humans experience ‘real emotions’ that were not under the influence of the drug, she, “...felt herself entitled, after that day of queerness and horror, to a complete and absolute holiday.” (Huxley, pg. 149) The wo...
Sociocultural standards of feminine beauty are presented in almost all forms of popular media, bombarding women with images that depict what is considered to be the "ideal body." Images of thin, attractive and
Australia is a widely diverse and unique nation. From extensive exposed spaces in boiling arid conditions to the dense urban population of the capital cities, our nation has grown into a unique and multicultural country. There are countless features that create Australian culture and identity.
Women in our culture today have developed an obsession with body image and weight that has contributed to the development of eating disorders. The media portrays super-thin models and women take that as the ideal of what they “should” look like. This can have a tremendous impact on their self esteem, and on both the low and high end of the BMI scale, a measure of body fat calculated using your height and weight; whether it be a woman with anorexia, or a woman with obesity. Men also experience this pressure to be muscular and tall, yet it is small compared to what women face. Statistics of college men show that 25% binge eat, 24% diet and 3% purge (Cain, Epler, Steinley, and Sher, 2012). Studies show that people with higher BMI’s experience more body dissatisfaction and and negative body image than people with lower BMI’s (Duncan, al-Nakeeb, and Nevill, 2013). When people feel bad about their body they can experience low self esteem: when a person feels inadequate and lacks respect for the self (Mäkinen, Puukko-Viertomies, Lindberg, Siimes, & Aalberg, 2012). Someone with low self esteem is more at risk for experiencing body dissatisfaction, which can lead to abnormal eating habits (Mäkinen, Puukko-Viertomies, Lindberg, Siimes, & Aalberg, 2012). This can take two forms, dietary restraint and binge eating. High and low BMI has a negative impact on self esteem and body image of women due to the pressure to be perfect in today’s society. The presentation of the following studies of children and adults will seek to understand the differences in men and women and their relationship with BMI, self esteem, and body image through its effect on eating disorders, body dissatisfaction, and the thin-ideal portrayed by the media.
In land area, Australia is the sixth largest nation after Russia, Canada, China, the United States of America and Brazil. It is one of the world’s most urbanized countries, with about 70 per cent of the population living in the 10 largest cities. Most of the population is concentrated along the eastern seaboard and the southeastern corner of the continent.
Due to the media’s influence, women establish perplexed views of their own bodies, leading to the development of eating disorders. Eating disorders are massive issues within today’s society. The author, Sheila Lintott emphasizes in her article, “Sublime Hunger: A Consideration of Eating Disorders beyond Beauty”, that eating disorders are the “most dangerous mental disorders, resulting in a six time more likely risk of death, which is four times the death risk of major depression” (Lintott 78). Because women are striving to look thinner, they tend to follow an unhealthy lifestyle. They begin self-starvation in fears of becoming fat. Unfortunately, due to beauty related pressures, there has been an increase in body dysmorphic disorders. Body
The media can impact people’s lives in many ways, whether it’s fashion, movies, literature, or hobbies. One of the impacts is how women view their bodies. Movie stars and models feel pressured to catch attention and to look good in order to have a good career in their respective field. People tend to judge how someone looks based on their body composition. The result of this “judgment” is that Hollywood is getting skinny. Since models and actresses serve as role models for people, people tend to want to look like them. The result of this seemingly harmless model of behavior is in an increase in eating disorders.
There can be no gainsaying, as to the fact that Australia is not only a choice destination for many, but also houses some of the most beautiful cities in the world (Bastian, 2012). As a matter of fact, Bastian (2012) continues to state that this change is strongly attributed to immigration, which continues to foster strong cultural and economic growth in Australia. As Australia continues to open its borders to an increasingly diverse population, Australians themselves continue to open their minds to accommodate diversity in the form of new lifestyles, foods, traditions, values, beliefs and so forth (Bastian, 2012). According to Henry & Kurzak (2013), the 2011 census show that 26% of Australians were born abroad and 20% have either one or both
According to Braga (2005), a technique call hot spot policing has been shown to effectively reduce crime. By police focusing on specific locations, they can deter or stop crime from occurring. Braga (2005) reviewed five randomized controlled trials pertaining to hot spot policing. The results of the me...