America Does NOT Need to Drill in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
Thesis: If the United States is going to choose to conserve energy responsibly, then our government's energies should not be focused on developing oil in the ANWR, but rather on the topics of conservation through higher fuel efficiency standards in vehicles and by developing alternative energy sources. Conservation, fuel efficiency and alternative energy sources are the solutions that will lead us to a long term and sustainable energy future.
I. Introduction
The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) is located in the northeastern part of Alaska and has been the topic of many recent political and environmental debates. Many of these deliberations have become more heated in the past year because of President George W. Bush's National Energy Proposal, "Reliable, Affordable and Environmentally Sound Energy for America's Future." The proposal included a plan to open up 1.5 million acres of the ANWR for petroleum and gas exploration. In the proposal President Bush states, "America is trying to meet future energy demands and promote energy conservation, and do so in environmentally responsible ways that sets standards for the world."[i] If we choose to conserve responsibly, then our government's energies should not be focused on developing oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, but rather on the topics of conservation through higher fuel efficiency standards in vehicles and by developing alternative energy sources. Conservation, fuel efficiency and alternative energy sources are the solutions that will lead us to a long term and sustainable energy future.
II. ANWR History
Interest in oil resources in the n...
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...s Propel US Toward an 80-MPG Future. 01/08/2001
[xliii] Hybrid-Electric Vehicles Propel US Toward an 80-MPG Future. 01/08/2001
[xliv] Hybrid-Electric Vehicles Propel US Toward an 80-MPG Future. 01/08/2001
[xlv] Hybrid-Electric Vehicles Propel US Toward an 80-MPG Future. 01/08/2001
[xlvi] The Eco-Cars. Business Week, 08/14/2000 Issue 3694, p62, 6p
[xlvii] The Eco-Cars. 08/14/2000
[xlviii] The Eco-Cars. 08/14/2000
[xlix] Shifting Gears. June2001
[l] Shifting Gears. June2001
[li] Oil, Profits, and the question of alternative energy by Richard Rosentreter and Philip M. Morse Humanist, Sep/Oct 2000, Vol. 60 Issue 5, 8, 5p.
[lii] Oil, Profits…Sep/Oct 2000
[liii] Oil, Profits…Sep/Oct 2000
[liv] Oil, Profits…Sep/Oct 2000
[lv] Oil, Profits…Sep/Oct 2000
[lvi] Oil, Profits…Sep/Oct 2000
[lvii] Oil, Profits…Sep/Oct 2000
The wide range of prospective uses for stem cells could greatly improve the health and wellbeing of many people. In stem cell treatments, undifferentiated cells are programmed to form specific cells, which can then be transplanted to the afflicted area. Stems cells can possibly treat afflictions including “Alzheimer’s diseases, spinal cord injury, stroke, burns, heart disease, diabetes, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis” (“Stem Cell Basics”). Another important use is in drug testing. Drugs can be tested on stem cells that develop into the target tissue before using it on human test subjects, which improves safety. Finally, transplantation of organs created from stem cells could eliminate the need for human...
Restorative justice is defined as “using humanistic, no punitive strategies to right wrongs and restore social harmony” (Siegel, 2008, p. 189). Instead of imposing harsh penalties on offenders like long prison sentences or even the death penalty, restorative justice calls for a more rehabilitative approach, such as reconciliation and offender assistance.
Varma, K. (2007, April). Parental Involvement In Youth Court. Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 49(2), 231-260. doi: 10.3138/9565-1823-66UT-507K
“Restorative justice is a process whereby parties with a stake in a specific offence collectively resolve how to deal with the aftermath of the offence and its implications for the future” (Munchie, 2004).
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Roth, Sammy. "Why Move Beyond Natural Gas." Sierra Club. Sierra Club, 15 Aug. 2013. Web. 25 Nov. 2013.
Semantically fossil fuels are a renewable source of energy, however given that it takes millions of years for the organic materials to be broken down and converted, it is wholly unrealistic to consider them as renewable. As the demand for fossil fuels increases and source diminish faster than they are replentished, the United States must work towards a renewable energy independent state using truly renable sources, both technically and in practice. With changes in the home, as consumers in buying goods and with alternative fuel sources backed by public trust and governmental involvement, the United States could drastically lessen its dependence on fossil fuels, foreign and domestic.
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