Inuits of Greenland: An Adaptive Society In a world far different from our own in the Northern Hemisphere lies an indigenous society known as the Inuits. Specifically focusing on the Inuits of Greenland these people have adopted various risk management strategies which has enabled them to survive in a harsh arctic environment. In indigenous cultures, their well-being and sustainability is managed through control of population growth like most present day indigenous societies have been influenced by western ideas and technologies, in which some of these influences have been beneficial while other western influences have threatened their traditional way of life. The Inuits or “Kalaallit” are the native people of Greenland, they have lived there for almost one thousand years. Today Greenland’s population is around 55,000, 85 percent of whom are Inuit (Caulfield:1997,1). The national language is Greenlandic, which is an branch of Inupik, or Eskimo language. There are three dialects according to the region in which they are spoken, such as West Greenlandic, East Greenlandic and Polar-Eskimo. Hunting, along with fishing is fundamental to their livelihood. Today, the Inuits are highly dependent on traditional methods of obtaining food through hunting and fishing. Inuits were first introduced to Westerners in the Thirteenth century. The encounters began between the Norse colonists on Western shore and Inuit hunters. During the 17th and 18th centuries, traders returned to Europe with many artifacts from the Inuits. They also took these indigenous people as slaves, stolen from their native land to be put on display. The Inuits were viewed as heavy but happy people surviving in a rough environment. These i... ... middle of paper ... ...Wendell H., Eskimos and Explorers. Novato, California: Chandler and Sharp Publishers, Inc., 1979. Lamblin, Robert Joelle, “Socio-demographic situation of the Yuit and Inuit Eskimos and Chukchis of Chukotka.” Etudes/Inuit/Studies, v. 17 (2): pp.73-96, 1993. Silis, Ivars. “Narwhal Hunters of Greenland.” National Geographic v.165: pp. 520-539, 1984. Smith, Eric A., Smith Abigail S., Inuit Sex-Ratio Variation, Population Control, Ethnographic Error, or Parent Manipulation.” Current Anthropology, v.35 Dec. Dec.1994, p.595-604. Weissner, Polly, “Risk, Reciprocity and Social influences on !Kung San Economics.” Course packet, p.43-55. Britannica Encyclopedia Online. http://www.Encyclopedia Britannica Encarta Encyclopedia Online Deluxe. http://www.encarta.com Greenland Guide.http://www.greenland-guide.com
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Hall, Linley Erin. “Understanding Genetics DNA and RNA.” New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc., 2011. Print. 01 Apr. 2014.
The Inuit people of Nunavik have used their incredible resourcefulness to survive in the harsh environment of the Tundra and have a rich culture, but with the arrival of European technology, government and environmental destruction, their way of life has been threatened and much of their old culture has been lost. They are working to preserve their culture by passing it through education, and negotiating for more control so that they can do that.
Alaskan culture is full of a variance of characteristics. The Alaskan people have a deep sense of respect, pride and honor. This is as a result of the need and ability to adapt to an ever changing environment and still find a way to thrive. The Alaskan people are a strong representation of the American spirit of perseverance. The research done in this paper allowed me to view the Alaskan Native in an entirely different manner. My intent with this paper is to inform the reader on Alaskan culture, geographical breakdown, beliefs, as well as highlight the advancements of the Alaskan way of life throughout the years.
DNA methylation primarily occurs within sites in the DNA sequence known as CpG dinucleotides, which is a 2 base pair sequence involving a Cytosine bonded to a Guanine by a phosphodiester bond.
I knew whatever innocent ethnographic research I had planned would now be fruitless. The devastating effects which Western culture had on these villages were so profound and impossible to ignore. As I walked the rugged dirt roads crowded by elderly white Canadian tourists smiling from ear to ear, snapping pictures of this serotonin mirage. These tourists had been blind to the pain behind the eyes of the street vendors. Vendors who donned ragged clothes which indicated a high level of strength required of them to hold a smile and pretend their world was a fairytale (for the short amount of time we were there). Their streets were littered with pollution, the local grocery market had inflated prices (such as a carton of milk for $15), and in one instance a village’s school had been burnt down by local teenagers. The health of these communities were tragic and I quickly learned about the high volume of adolescent suicide which runs rampant in these villages. This experience made me question the mechanisms which devastated the inuit people and detached them from their ability to master their environment. I questioned why this specific diaspora of Inuit were so marginalized while their contemporaries across the Davis Straight seemed to be living more comfortably. However, to understand their plight, one must first examine the history of the Inuit and the sociopolitical dynamics of the Canadian Arctic.
A major mechanism in epigenetics is DNA methylation. DNA methylation occurs in two mechanisms and is the addition of a methyl (-CH₃) group through a covalent bond to a cytosine side chain. DNA methylation is catalysed by a group of enzymes called DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). DNMT adds methyl groups to cytosine residues. Cytosines have to be immediately followed by a Guanine In order to be methylated, these are called CpG dinucleotides. Around 70% of these dinucleotides get methylated whilst the rest are in clusters called CpG islands. There are two typ...
Epigenetic inheritance is defined as the regulatory information passed down from parent to offspring without any changes in the underlying DNA sequence. This process can involve various modifications of histones as well as DNA itself. These types of alterations include acetylation, methylation and phosphorylation. Such changes can regulate expression through a variety of different mechanisms, including controlling how accessible the DNA is to transcription factors (1). Epigenetic regulation is a highly prevalent method of controlling gene expression, and a vast number of diseases involve disturbances in the epigenome (2).
Epigenetics also can be responsible for changes of histone, the main protein component of chromatin, which is a combination of DNA and protein to make the nucleus of a cell.
My employment in construction began when I was seventeen-years old working at a local golf course. I had the opportunity to help rebuild and enhance a Golf Pro Shop to improve the quality of the members’ experience. My work started with the plumbing, and I
There are certain beliefs which are held within a particular community which promote domestic violence. The roles and responsibility for women and men in the society sometimes cultivate an environment where domestic violence thrives. For instance, women in the community are supposed to be submissive to their husbands, this belief has been promoting domestic violence within the community. Despite women being mistreated they cannot present their problems to other members in the society since they will be humiliated by being told that they need to be submissive to their husbands. This has majorly made women to be victims for domestic violence within families. In addition, there is the belief that men are the bread winners of the family, therefore when women are been mistreated they suffer silently fearing that if they leave the relationship they will not receive any financial support from the men. This makes them to
A recent field of biology, called epigenetics, is rapidly transforming previous ideas on the impact of genes. The...
“Domestic violence is a violent confrontation between family or household members involving physical harm, sexual assault, or fear of physical harm” (Stewart & Croudep, 1998-2012). In most places domestic violence is looked on as one of the higher priorities when trying to stop crime. Domestic Violence cases are thought to be influenced by the use of alcohol, drugs, stress or anger but in reality, they are just learned behaviors by the batterer. These habits can be stopped as long as one seeks help (Stewart & Croudep, 1998-2012). For instance, a child is brought up in a household that is constantly involved in criminal acts. As this child grows up, the criminal lifestyle will be synonymous with his/her behavior. With that being said, it is also a given fact that if a household and its members are surrounded with violence, the relationships between one another will be strained. Eventually this will end up in a divorce or even worse, death, depending on how far the violence goes. If there is violence in a family, then the ones who are affected by it may feel like they deserve it because of what the batterer is accusing them of doing. Battering occurs among people of all races, ages, socio-economic classes, religious affiliations, occupations, and educational backgrounds (Stewart & Croudep, 1998-2012). Domestic violence can affect families in more aspects than one; the husband-wife relationship, the children, and also the financial stability.
sequence. Epigenetics in turn affects how cells read the genes. Epigenetic change is a regular and
Indigenous Knowledge (IK) can be broadly defined as the knowledge and skills that an indigenous (local) community accumulates over generations of living in a particular environment. IK is unique to given cultures, localities and societies and is acquired through daily experience. It is embedded in community practices, institutions, relationships and rituals. Because IK is based on, and is deeply embedded in local experience and historic reality, it is therefore unique to that specific culture; it also plays an important role in defining the identity of the community. Similarly, since IK has developed over the centuries of experimentation on how to adapt to local conditions. That is Indigenous ways of knowing informs their ways of being. Accordingly IK is integrated and driven from multiple sources; traditional teachings, empirical observations and revelations handed down generations. Under IK, language, gestures and cultural codes are in harmony. Similarly, language, symbols and family structure are interrelated. For example, First Nation had a