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effects of adhd on children
attention deficit: the brain syndrome of our era
effects of adhd on children
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Ritalin is Not the Solution to Attention Deficit (Hyperactivity) Disorder
Parents should stop making hasty decisions and consider alternatives when deciding whether or not to use Ritalin, a drug prescribed for children with Attention Deficit (Hyperactivity) Disorder (AD[H]D. It is important for parents to realize a hasty decision, on their part or on their doctor's part, may lead to a misdiagnosis of their child's true condition which may just be an overactive child. If parents are treating just an overactive child with Ritalin, they may just be "Drugging Up" their child for no good reason.
In his book, The Misunderstood Child, Larry B. Silver, M.D. Describes ADHD as behaviors in children that may be described as "Developmentally inappropriate degrees of inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity." Then after describing each one of these three behaviors, he writes "There are many reasons why children and adolescents might be hyperactive, distractible and/or impulsive. It is important to understand that not all who show these behaviors have ADHD."(51) It is a common misconception for parents, teachers and sometimes even doctors to confuse an ADHD child with just an overactive child.
Some parents may argue that their children have ADHD because they have a short attention span. Other parents may argue that their children have ADHD because they fidget or squirm in their seat and blurt out answers before questions are completed. Other behaviors such as talking excessively, not listening when spoken to directly, and running about or climbing excessively at inappropriate times are also used to declare ADHD. These six behaviors are actual items on the ADHD Checklist produced by the...
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..., Stephen W, Ph.D., Marianne Daniels Garber, Ph.D. and Robyn Freedman Spizman. Beyond Ritalin. New York: Villard Books, 1996.
Hallowell, Edward M, M.D. and John J. Ratey, M.D. Driven to Distraction. New York: Pantheon Books, 1994.
Hancock, LyNell. "Mother's Little Helper." Newsweek 18 March 1996: 50-6 (accessed online--Sirs Researcher).
Henderson, Randi. "Relying on Ritalin." Common Boundary May/June 1996: 22-30 (accessed online--Sirs Researcher).
McLeod, Rebecca and Ron. "Boys w/ADD." July, 1996, n. pag. Online. World Wide Web. < http://www.p-a-r.org/boyswadd.html21 October, 1998.
Perlman, Shirley E. "The Ritalin RX: Controversy, Abuse. For Agitated Kids, Miracles, but Perils." Newsday 10 June 1996: A5+ (accessed online--Sirs Researcher).
Silver, Larry B. The Misunderstood Child 2ed. United States of America: TAB Books, 1992.
Sharon Creech's Bloomability The contemporary realistic fiction book I chose to read was Bloomability. This book was written by Sharon Creech and was published in 1998 by Harper Trophy of HarperCollins Publishers Inc. It was written on the reading level of ages 8 - 12, or grades 5 8. Bloomability has won the following awards: IRA/CBC Children's Choices 1999, Parenting Magazine Reading Magic Award 1998, and Chicago Public Library Best Books 1998.
The novel, The Things They Carried is a collection of short stories about life as a foot soldier in the Vietnam War. The author, Tim O’Brien is, himself a veteran of the Vietnam War. Some of the stories are true, and others are only partially true. O’Brien talks about how he felt when he was drafted, and how he felt while watching his platoon mates die, and what it was like to be a soldier in one of the most gruesome wars in history.
The Brethren: Inside the Supreme Court, by Bob Woodward and Scott Armstrong, gives the public an intimate description of the justices who serve on the Supreme Court in the 1969-1976. This book also gives an unprecedented look at the daily work and personal lives of the justices. The book describes the relationships the justices have with each other and the relationships they have with their clerks. Woodward and Armstrong give the reader insight to the justice's personalities and their personal agenda. There is an appearance that the justices use their positions on the Supreme Court to push their ideologies and create laws instead of enforcing the laws set by congress.
The title of the book itself couldn’t be more fitting. The Things They Carried is a semi-autobiographical novel written by Tim O'Brien about soldiers trying to live through the Vietnam War. These men deal with many struggles and hardships. Throughout this essay I will provide insight into three of the the numerous themes seen throughout the novel: burdens, truth, and death.
"God of the Oppressed" is brilliantly organized into ten chapters. These chapters serve as the building blocks to the true understanding of Cone’s Black Theology. This progressive movement begins with an introduction of both him and his viewpoint. He explains that his childhood in Bearden, Arkansas and his membership to Macedonia African Methodist Episcopal Church (A.M.E) has taught him about the black Church experience and the sociopolitical significance of white people. “My point is that one’s social and historical context decides not only the questions we address to God but also the mode of form of the answers given to the questions.” (14) The idea of “speaking the truth” is added at this point because to go any further the reader must understand the reason and goal for Black Theology. Through the two sources in that shape theology, experience and scripture, white theology concludes that the black situation is not a main point of focus. Cone explains the cause for this ignorance, “Theology is not a universal language; it is interested language and thus is always a reflection of the goals and aspirations of a particular people in a definite social setting.” (36) This implies that one’s social context shapes their theology and white’s do not know the life and history of blacks. As the reader completes the detailed analysis of society’s role in shaping experiences, Cone adds to the second source, scripture.
The Things They Carried written by Tim O’ Brien is a well written work of fiction. In the story O’ Brien closely makes an association with the physical, psychological, and emotional weight the soldiers bared while serving in the Vietnam War. Throughout the story O’Brien examines what it takes to tell a good war story while he uses his own experiences in conjunction with his imagination to weave together a series of stories. He does a phenomenal job at making the reader feel as if they themselves are a solider serving in the Vietnam War. However, like O’Brien states in the book “A true war story is never moral” (O’ Brien 65).
Lomperis, Timothy J. "Reading the Wind" The Literature of the Vietnam War . Durham: Duke UP, 1987.
The noon bell rings at an elementary school in the United States. The children walk in a supervised line from their classrooms to the cafeteria. Their smiles and voices reflect their anticipation and excitement after a long morning of learning. Once inside the cafeteria, they find their friends, sit down, and examine their lunches. I hear laughter and the typical lunch trading by those who didn't get what they expected in their brown bags. In the school office, a short distance from the cafeteria, a large group of children somberly wait in line for their medication. The school secretary is dispensing Ritalin. I'm told this medication will help them manage their attention behavior until they go home. But whom the Ritalin is really for is the issue I feel the need to examine.
The Great Chief Justice: John Marshall and the Rule of Law by Charles F. Hobson examines the judicial career of John Marshall, as well as the legal culture that helped to shape his political beliefs and his major constitutional opinions. The author sources much of his information from the formal opinions that Marshall issued during his judicial career. From these writings, Hobson presents Marshall 's views on law and government and provides explanations for what in Marshall 's life influenced those beliefs.
Stimulant drugs are widely used to treat the symptoms of ADHD. These stimulants dramatically reduce the hyperactivity of sufferers and improve their ability to focus, learn and work. Such medication may also improve physical coordination, for instance handwriting and sports. Research completed by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) suggests that these medicines may also help children with an accompanying conduct disorder to control their impulsive, destructive behaviours. The three medications that have been proven by the NIMH to be most effective in both children and adults suffering from ADHD are: methylphenidate (Ritalin), dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine or Dextrostat), and pemoline (Cylert). (NIMH 1999) Yet there is currently much research on the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, such as t...
Kyle Carroll of Albany, New York was diagnosed with ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) when he was in the first grade. His teacher told his parents, Michael and Jill, that Kyle was too hyper and couldn't concentrate for long periods of time. Without even going to see a professional about Kyle's problem, Kyle was put on Ritalin. Immediately, his parents started to notice side effects on Kyle and when they tried to take their child off of the medication, the teacher threatened to call social services and lodge a complaint about child abuse (Karlin).
ADHD, or Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, is one of the most common childhood disorders and can continue through adolescence and adulthood. There are many symptoms associated with ADHD but the most common include difficulty staying focused and paying attention, difficulty controlling behavior, and hyperactivity. Scientists are not exactly sure of what causes ADHD but they are more comfortable with the idea that a lot of different factors play a role in its development, such as, genes, environment, brain injuries, sugar, and food additives. The most widely used treatment is the drugs but this is not the only way to treat ADHD.
In “The Things They Carried,” Tim O’Brien brings to light the effects of war on soldiers, both physically and psychologically. The title of the story would lead the reader to believe the story is only about the provisions and apparatus a soldier would physically carry into war. After reading the entire story, it becomes evident that there are many burdens seen and unseen that soldiers face during times of war.
According to Schwarz and Cohen (2013), approximately 11% of children are under medication. Authors have pointed out that one boy in every five high school boys have received medical treatment for ADHD. The above mentioned prevalence rates of ADHD among children and increase in medication have raised concerns among physicians that over-diagnosis and overmedication has become common among American children. Prescription of certain stimulants such as Ritalin and Adderall for children for improvement of their lives downgraded by the disorder has led to anxiety, addiction and psychosis. Experts think that long term use of stimulants such as Ritalin leads to physical dependence. It is also clear that long term users and abusers of Ritalin leads to the addiction. Schwarz and Cohen (2013) show that close to 6.4 million children of age of 4 and 17 have been diagnosed with ADHD in their lifetime. The reports made in the past two decades show a 41 % increase of ADHD diagnosis. In addition, there is an increase in diagnosis of the disorder by 16% among children since 2007. According to Lavender (2013), North Carolina has the highest number of children diagnosed w...
Angela Carter’s attitude towards her work has always been one with intrinsic feminism at its roots. Carter’s feminist attitude within her novel Wise Children has given the reader a much more realistic and intuitive approach to Shakespeare. Carter conveys ideas of feminism through matriarchy and the power of womanhood, or rather new family structures of an acceptance of an absentee father. In some aspects, her work is an invitation to criticisms towards Shakespeare’s lack of matriarchal concentration and sometimes all together absentation, and realistic approaches towards female characters. However, in other aspects it appears to be more of a praise towards him, meticulously alluding to countless amounts of Shakespeare’s works. Angela Carter uses Wise Children as her invitation for her own feminist criticism as well as paying homage by tempting the reader into comparing herself and Shakespeare, to hold them in the same high regard.