Why the Range of Indicators Used to Measure Development Has Increased in Recent Years
Essentially the ideology of development was based on a countries GNP
this was down to Rostow’s Model; therefore the only indicator of
development was a countries economy. The ideologies have changed and
now there are a range of indicators that are used to classify a
countries development such as social, demographic, hence including
quality of life this gives the ideology of development a more multi
dimensional view thus a better understand of what a developed country
is.
There are three categories that are used to measure development they
are economic, social and demographic. Some economic factors used to
measure development are GNP, Infrastructure and energy consumption.
GNP has always traditionally defined a countries development, with GNP
giving an average wealth of the total population it is clear why it
was considered the only factor in measuring development but there is
huge flaws in measuring development sole on the economy of a ...
The economy of a nation is a major indication of its success. One aspect of a nation's economic success or failure is the system of government. Whether a nation is socialistic, communistic, ruled by absolute sovereignty, or based on capitalistic principles can be a key factor in a country's economic success or failure. Government is the foundation of an economy but it is not what determines its success. Issues that determine a nation’s economic success include growth strategies, improved or increased resources, investment and savings, government policies, trade, foreign direct investment, income distribution, labor allocation, innovations in technology, and several other economic issues. I feel that economic growth is the main indicator of economic success. Additionally, innovations in technology, improving human capital, and improving foreign direct investment (FDI) are three issues that can lead to economic growth.
In order to promote healthy development based on the four theories and the developmental tasks of middle adulthood, the nurse and S.O. devised a plan by setting a list of goal for S.O. to work toward. S.O. and the nurse agreed that as the client, S.O. will continue to manage and maintain a healthy balance between career, finances, and family. S.O. will also continue to contribute positively to her family by caring for her grandchildren and being a positive influence for them. Furthermore, she will continue to be active in her church by teaching Sunday school and leading a girl’s bible study. Seeing as S.O. does not like people and would prefer not to participate in group activities, the nurse and S.O. decided that S.O. will try to talk to more people her age at church as she develops her toleration of others opinions and actions. In order to deal with the stress more communication may cause S.O. and to improve her mental health S.O. will allot an hour or two a day to alone time so she can just be quiet and get away from stressful circumstances and people. S.O. will also work on accepting the changes in her body due to the hysterectomy and aging process. She will attempt to feel less frustrated by these changes and let her anger passes quickly. Finally, S.O. will continue to look to God and her husband for support, while continuing to grow these relationships daily. The client will continue to build intimacy with her husband, even though sex is no longer essential.
Sequence of development and rate of development are two entirely different things. The sequence of development is the expected ‘norms’ of development at which the child should be at their age. You will find this in the EYFS or just general child development norms. These charts would give others a rough understanding what the child could be doing. An example of this would be at 12 months old, the child could now be mobile, whether that’s crawling, bottom shuffling or walking. Another example of this is a baby has to learn to sit and stand before they can walk. However, not all children will develop through the same sequence meaning some children can walk before they can sit.
Out of the five contexts of development in chapter one, the one that is more important in my own life than the others has been development in multicultural. The text book states that culture is “the system of shared beliefs, conventions, norms, behaviors, expectations and symbolic representations that persist over time and prescribe social rules of conduct.” Being born in the U.S. Virgin Islands, with a multicultural of being in the Caribbean and also being a U.S. citizens has been different for me, compared to other cultures. For example, this summer I was looking for an apartment, so I stop by the leasing office to apply for the apartment. After viewing the apartment and speaking with the lease agent she give an application to complete at
Before the author of this paper proceeds with this chapter, one has to define what development is. Put in simple terms, authors Peet and Hartwick , development economics is the part of economics that deals with how a developing country can improve its economy in terms of growth and better living standards and conditions for its citizens. This includes economic policies, education, health, and working conditions. All these factors are considered to be the minimum essential factors that all humans require to live. It can also be defined as the differing theories con-cerning growth, poverty, institutions, and inequality in the less developed coun-tries . Development economics also is also viewed differently according to different cultures as well
Economic development typically involves improvements in a variety of indicators such as literacy rates, life expectancy, and poverty rates. Due to the fact that GDP alone does not take into account other aspects such as leisure time, environmental quality, freedom, or social justice; alternative measures of economic well-being have been proposed. Essentially, a country’s economic development is related to its human development, which encompasses, among other things, health and education. These factors are, however, closely related to economic growth so that development and growth often go together.
Every year there is a ‘league table‘ published showing the level of economic growth achieved by each country. The comparison is made using each countries Gross Domestic Product, or GDP. An important factor to look at is the difference between actual and potential economic growth. Actual economic growth increases in real GDP. This increase can occur as result of using previously unemployed resources, or reallocating resources into more productive areas or improving existing resources. Whereas potential economic growth is the productive capacity of the economy. For example, it can be shown by the predicted ability of the country to produce goods and services. This changes when there is an increase in the quantity or quality of the resources. All countries have different ways of achieving this with the resources they have available to them. For this reason it party answers the question of why some countries are richer than others. It is widely thought that the productive capacity of an economy will increase each year largely due to improvements in education and technology. This will obviously differ from country to country. For example, in the UK the quality of fertilizer could be improved, hence forth increase the years fruit and vegetable output.
The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines development as the act or process of growing or causing something to grow larger or more advanced. We live in a world that is continuously developing, in ways that we cannot even begin to try to describe. Nonetheless, The World Bank measures indicators of development. To do this, they look at three-hundred and thirty-one different indicators which cover a vast number of areas, including agriculture, aid effectiveness, climate change, economic policy, education, energy and mining, environment, the financial sector, poverty, science and technology, social development, and urban development. The World Bank’s World Development Indicators data is has been used for over fifty years as the standard by which development is measured. While this list may seem like a comprehensive, all-inclusive list, it does not consider the idea of sustainable development. While development for the sake of advancement may seem like a good option for an undeveloped country, it can be argued that development that is not sustainable is not development at all, but merely the illusion of one.
As Escobar points out in The Problematization of Poverty, one of the many changes in the post-WW2 era was the "discovery" of mass poverty throughout the world. This "discovery" had massive implications for development discourse. Prior to WW2, development discourse was limited to the colonial experience. But with the end of colonial rule lurking on the horizon, western academics began to formulate theories of economic growth and "modernization." As a result, an entire genre of academic research emerged: the development discourse. The aim of development discourse was to chart out patterns of growth (which were based on the historical successes of the West) that newly independent countries could use, primarily to escape vicious cycles of poverty, famine, etc.
As we can see, the unmeasurable factors are mostly about social consciousness, culture and a higher level of development stages. Most developing countries are still struggling in the first stage to balance development, environmental quality and living quality.
When looking through the topic of development, two drastically different ways to assess it arise. The majority of the western world looks at development in terms of per capita GNP. This means each country is evaluated on a level playing field, comparing the production of each country in economic value. Opposite this style of evaluation is that of the alternative view, which measures a country’s development on its ability to fulfill basic material and non-material needs. Cultural ties are strong in this case as most of the population does not produce for wealth but merely survival and tradition.
There are at least four different research perspectives about the relationship between development and economic growth. Firstly, economic growth is the basis for social development. Secondly, economic growth and social development are not necessarily linked. Thirdly, both economic growth and social development are not basic causes by each other, but they depend on interaction. Fourthly, social development is the prerequisite for economic growth (Mazumdar. 1...
Economic development is fundamentally about enhancing the factors of productive capacity, such as land, labor, capital, and technology, of a national, state, or local economy, as stated by the U.S. Economic Development Administration. Economic development influences growth and restructuring of an economy to enhance economic well-being. We experience economic growth when our standard of living is rising. Rather than being a simplistic process, economic development typically is a range of influences aimed at achieving objectives like creating jobs and wealth and improving the quality of life. It incorporates coordinated initiatives targeted at expanding infrastructure and increasing the volume and/or quality of goods and services produced by a community. A common measure of economic development is a country’s gross national ...
In order for any country to survive in comparison to another developed country they must be able to grow and sustain a healthy and flourishing economy. This paper is designed to give a detailed insight of economic growth and the sectors that influence economic growth. Economic growth in a country is essential to the reduction of poverty, without such reduction; poverty would continue to increase therefore economic growth is inevitable. Through economic growth, it is also an aid in the reduction of the unemployment rate and it also helps to reduce the budget deficit of the government. Economic growth can also encourage better living standards for all it is citizens because with economic growth there are improvements in the public sectors, educational and healthcare facilities. Through economic growth social spending can also be increased without an increase of taxes.
In international parlance, development encompasses the need and the means by which to provide better life for people in poor countries and it includes not only economic growth, although that is crucial, but also human development like...