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The Strengths and Limitations of a Rational, Strategic Approach to Organisational Change
Introduction
Following the brief introduction of a model-ideal conceptualisation of
Organisational Goal-Directed-Activity, and the definition within the
perspective defined by this model of such terms like 'rational
(organisational) action system', 'strategy', and 'organisational
change', the first part of this essay presents a non-evaluative
summary of a selection of distinct approaches to organisational
change. Various approaches to strategy are similarly addressed in an
attempt to register and explore some of the links that have been
identified by a number of authors between positions on strategy
reviewed and corresponding approaches to organisational change.
The second part, bypassing the rather common practice of partitioning
the set of organisational change approaches into largely
non-overlapping rational and nonrational, strategic and nonstrategic,
subsets, identifies a number of distinct Rational and/or Strategic
Modes, associates them with the approaches to organisational change
reviewed in the first part, and attempts an integrated appraisal of
the distinctive strengths and limitations such diverse Modes confer to
the approaches to change that invoke and utilise them.
1. A Model-Ideal Conceptualisation of Organisational
Goal-Directed-Activity, Rationality, Strategicality, and
Organisational Change
When planned and goal-directed, fully rational organisational action,
like any other ideal form of goal-directed-action, relies on activity
generated by the decomposition of a goal-structure, a term that has
been defin...
... middle of paper ...
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Learning
At some point it becomes necessary for an organization to undergo changes. If embracing change is truly one of the organizations core beliefs than efforts should be taken to make the necessary transition. A strategic planning structure allows the organization to stay focused on plans, yet be flexible and adaptive and, therefore, able to deal with change effectively (Galbraith, et al., 2001, pg. 38).”
Hughes, M 2006, 'Strategic change', in M Hughes (ed.), Change management: a critical perspective, Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, London, pp. 52-63.
A lot of organizations initiate change programs and action plans that vanish after a while but have had, it’s hoped, some impact on performance, even though one cannot be sure. The first challenge when initiating change is to make sure that every employee understands that this business system is not an action plan; it’s a faith that is about what should characterize a really good company, and there are no option to this faith. It is important to put a lot of effort into making everybody understand this (Ahlberg & Nauclér, 2007).
In order to lead and be successful you have to be willing to embrace change. Myatt (2012) explained that “leadership demands fluidity, which requires the willingness to recognize the need for change, and finally, the ability to lead change”. Change needs to be recognized in every organization. Organizations must undergo change to subsist. Each area of an organization needs to be assessed to lead change properly. Lastly, the change process must be managed. It is demanding that change agents are arranged for success and not failure by providing them with the proper tools, talent, resources, responsibility and authority necessary for the job (Myatt, 2012).
Our change situation will be replacing workers by increasing machines and bringing out new technology. As these days it was very difficult to hire the employees with professional skills, they made some changes in the workplace. As the manpower will also take on a major part in increasing production by operating machines, they have broken in that experiment. In this difficult business environment, leaders should be able to discharge their functions in such a way that they provide the proper guidance to fill in their goals. To treat this kind of situations, these are the most important things we should look at. (James.k, 1967)
Organizational change, particularly large-scale change, becomes part of the company’s history; therefore, it is crucial that senior leadership plan the change thoroughly. Planning may include understanding the current state of the organization, the external and internal environment, and identifying the organization’s long-term vision simultaneously. Choosing the right approach is significant in the change process as it may be true with British Airlines’ wildcat strike blunder. This blunder is now added to British Airway history where they lost 40 million pounds because of an oversight. Ideally, changes in the organization will have minimal employee impact and operational disruption; however, this is not the case with British Airways when
Change is an inevitable part of life involving individuals and organizations. The purpose of this paper is to analyze a significant organizational change. The analysis will explore the change, the reason behind the change, key players, the timeframe, the outcomes, leadership strategies, mistakes made by key players and suggestions to alleviate the mistakes.
When I think about managing organizational change; I think about everyone from the top-level down to employees doing the work. Organizational change is about adapting and revising business practices to make things perform better in the organization that will have a positive impact on the bottom line. Therefore, organizational change is all about changing and implementing changes in the management structure, business operations, and the company culture in a manner that it will reduce cost, minimize employee resistance, remain competitive for the future, but still deliver results today. It is like Charles Darwin’s quote “it is not the strongest of the species that survive, not the most intelligent, but the one most responsive
In every business offered by any organizations, it is very important to ensure that the customers will always satisfied with services provided. People nowadays are looking for the new technologies, new markets, new ideas and also new inventions. Thus the organization must always keep up with the current changes in demand to ensure that their services are still relevant to the customers. The changes of demand also called as an evolution and to achieve these, the organizations are advised to have a process that we called as “Business Transformation” (“Business Transformation: The Importance of Change,” 2014).
Change is the only constant in life. And therefore it should be understood as part of a continuing work in progress that calls for a much broader canvas that seeks out competing voices, and works with the resulting ambiguities, contradictions and tensions of messy reality (Graetz, F. & Smith, A., 2010). In this submission I try to show that organizational change is majorly based on the environment surrounding it much more than the desire of the members or change agents working in that organization. This view diverts from that of Lippitt, (1958) who suggests that implementing planned organizational changes successfully depends on premeditated interventions intended to modify the functioning of an organization. It also diverts from the traditional approaches to organizational change that generally follow a linear, rational model in which the focus is on controllability under the stewardship of a strong leader or ‘guiding coalition (Collis, 1998). In this discussion therefore, comparison made between the different philosophies of change and I try to show that successful change implantation largely depends on an organizations appreciation of what goes on around it rather than what they have planned as a strategic direction.
Organizational changes are constant in both the public and private sector. Some changes are small and easily managed and others are large scale vision changes. With organization-wide changes, such as a redirection in the organizations vision, strong creative leaders are needed to ensure the vision is sold to the employees and that the change is implemented smoothly. The Virginia Department of Corrections (VADOC) has recently changed visions to strengthen the way we create long term public safety. This change in mission and vision statements was a smooth process but has not been implemented without its share of issues.
Combinations of different experiences and education have developed a variety of assumptions about how an organisation works. The use of metaphors when describing organisation movements and change is an important way in which we express these assumptions (Cameron and Green, 2012). Gareth Morgan’s (1986) work on organizational metaphors is good for understanding the different assumptions and beliefs about change that exists. He identifies eight organizational metaphors; machines, organisms, brains, cultures, political systems, psychic prisons and flux and transformation (Morgan, 1986).
In the article “Working to Transform Your Organization”, the issue of tackling an organization’s needed changes amongst a bureaucratic national system is a difficult one. Fortunately, they become very attainable if certain steps are taken. These outlined concepts when combined with an opportune situation yield a positive result, it seems, when associations are no longer relevant or efficient. The Department of Defense, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the Veteran Health Administration were all examined. It was determined within their case studies that eight common lessons emerged among them. These lessons are proven that when implemented, they have the opportunity to make the pertinent modifications to bring the largest organizations in line with their purpose. These ideas could be used on an organization such as the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, otherwise known as the NAACP.
The world is constantly changing in many different ways. Whether it is technological or cultural change is present and inevitable. Organizations are not exempt from change. As a matter of fact, organizations have to change with the world and society in order to be successful. Organizations have to constantly incorporate change in order to have a competitive advantage and satisfy their customers. Organizations use change in order to learn and grow. However, change is not something that can happen in an organization overnight. It has to be thought through and planned. The General Model of Planned Change focuses on what processes are used by the organization to implement change. In the General Model of Planned Change, four steps are used in order to complete the process of change. Entering and Contracting, Diagnosing, Planning and Implementing, and Evaluating and Institutionalizing are the four steps used in order to complete the process of change in an organization. The diagnostic process is one of the most important activities in OD(Cummings, 2009, p. 30).
One of the first scholars to describe the process of organizational change was Lewin (1974). He described change as a three-stage process that consists of unfreezing, moving and freezing stage. During the unfreezing stage the organizations become motivated to change by some event or objective. The moving stage is like implementation when the organization actually makes the necessary change. Furthermore the freezing stage is reached when the change becomes permanent. Organizational change has also...