In the research paper of “Examining the Interactive Effect of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Distress Tolerance, and Gender on Residential Substance Use Disorder Treatment Retention” which is written by Matthew T. Tull, Kim L. Gratz, and Scott F. Coffey, University of Mississippi. Researchers conducted a research about how PTSD-SUD diagnosis affect on residential SUD treatment completion(Tull, 2012;Gratz, 2012;Coffey,2012 p.763). Aside from the researches leaded by professors at University of Mississippi, there are previous researches showing the co-occurrence of PTSD among SUD patients is clinically relevant, because there are more server negative cilinnical outcomes among SUD patients with(vs. without) PTSD, including quicker relapse and more severe substance use following SUD treatment(Brown, Stout, and Mueller, 1996;Hien, Nunes, Levin, & Fraser, 2000; Najavits et al., 2007; Ouimette, Finney, & Moos, 1999), higher rates of suicide attempts(Najavits, Weiss, Shaw, & Muenz 1998), more functional impairment(both in general and following SUD treatment; Mills, Teesson, Ross, & Darke, 2007; Mills, Teesson, Ross, & Peters, 2006; Ouimette et al., 1999), heightened rates of co-occuring Axis I and II disorders( Back et al., 2000; Najavits, Gastfriend et al., 1998; Read, Brown, & Kahler, 2004), more severe history of traumatic exposure( Back et al., 2000; Najavits, Gastfriend et al., 1998), and greater utilization of inpatient SUD treatment(Brown, Stout, & Mueller, 1999). But there is no research so far about the relevancy with co-occurring PTSD-SUD and residential SUD treatment. Further than that, researchers were wondering about the relationship between PTSD, DT(distress tolerance) and SUD treatment completion. And the goal of th... ... middle of paper ... ... posttreat- ment functioning and coping of substance abuse patients with posttrau- matic stress disorder. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 13, 105–114. doi:10.1037/0893-164X.13.2.105 Read, J. P., Brown, P. J., & Kahler, C. W. (2004). Substance use and posttraumatic stress disorders: Symptom interplay and effects on out- come. Addictive Behaviors, 29, 1665–1672. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2004 .02.061 Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Sickel, A. E., & Young, L. (1996). Diagnostic interview for DSM-IV personality disorders. Unpublished measure. Boston, MA: McLean Hospital. Zanarini, M. C., Skodol, A. E., Bender, D., Dolan, R., Sanislow, C., Schaefer, E., . . . Gunderson, J. G. (2000). The Collaborative Longitu- dinal Personality Disorders Study: Reliability of Axis I and II diagnoses. Journal of Personality Disorders, 14, 291–299. doi:10.1521/pedi.2000
Torgersen, S. (2009). The nature (and nurture) of personality disorders. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 50(6), 624-632. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.2009.00788.x
Fortinash, K. M., & Holoday Worret, P. A. (Eds.). (2012). Substance-related disorders and addictive behaviors. Psychiatric mental health nursing (5th ed., pp. 319-362). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby.
Frances, A., & Ross, R. (1996). DSM-IV case studies a clinical guide to differential diagnosis. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, Inc.
“Ultimately, diagnosis of a substance use disorder or PTSD relies on clinical assessment using DSM criteria. Screening instruments exist that can help uncover or point the way toward a potential diagnosis. For alcohol use disorders, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and the AUDIT-Consumption (AUDIT-C) have been widely validated as self-report screening measures. A single-item screening measure was recently validated for drug use disorders consisting of the single question, “How many times in the past year have you used an illegal drug or used a prescription medication for nonmedical reasons?” A response of 1 time or more yields a positive screen.” -Returning Veterans With Addictions. (2011, July 11). Psychiatric Times. Retrieved Februa...
Personality disorders have always been viewed as a possible category for a psychological disorder. However, in the new edition of the DSM, it will be getting its own diagnostic category. In viewing personality disorder, one can only agree that it should have its own diagnostic category. The reason that these changes are being supported is because of the causation, diagnosis, and treatment of personality disorders.
MacMaster, S. (2004). Harm reduction: a new perspective on substance abuse services. Social Work, 49(3), 356-63. Retrieved from http://libproxy.library.unt.edu:2055/docview/215270642/fulltext?accountid=7113
The MACI consists of a 160-item inventory, provided in the English and Spanish language, with a combination of the 27 subscales. The intention of the inventory is to provide counselors and other healthcare or school professional with information to assist in diagnosis and treatment planning for personality disorders in adolescent (Millon & Davis, 1993). The inventory consists of true or false questions; given that this inventory is shorter compared to other personality assessment, it only takes about 20-30 minutes to complete. Millon’s MACI inventory provides convenient and cost-effective methods for scoring the inventory, which include Q-global web-based scoring, Q-Local software-based scoring, and mail-in scoring. Since the MACI is tailored toward adolescents ranging in ages from 13-19, participants must have a minimum of a sixth grade reading level in order to
A survey of OEF/OIF Veterans identified major rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, alcohol-related problems, social and family problems, and suicidal behavior. However the most alarming statistic is not about deployment rates or rates of diagnoses, the most alarming fact is that fewer than 10% of those diagnosed with PTSD or depression have received the recommended the mental health treatment upon re-integration into society. The dropout rate at the Veterans Association (VA) PTSD clinics is distressingly high as well when looking into VA records it was found that 68% of OEF/OIF Veterans dropped out of their prescribed counseling and programs prior to completion (Garcia et al., 2014). Because most of these men were deployed mul...
Liehr, P, Marcus, M, Carroll, D, Granmayeh, K L, Cron, S, Pennebaker, J ;( Apr-Jun 2010). Substance Abuse; Vol. 31 (2); 79-85. Doi: 10.1080/08897071003641271
For addicts and alcoholics, recovery requires a complete lifestyle change not just a session or two. Furthermore, because addiction is to some extent learned, it takes an educational and medical approach to fully treat an addict. Between 30 and 60 percent of people seeking help for their substance abuse are also suffering from depression or other psychiatric disorders (Moos, 4). Twelve-step programs such as Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous are mainly based on social aspects. Whereas others might benefit from social interactions, manic-depressives and those with anxiety disorders do not fully participate in such social activities and therefore do not benefit from these interactions. In this aspect, twelve-step programs are limited in the type of people they can help and the extent to which they can help participants.
The diagnosis of Post –Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) involves clusters of symptoms. They include persistent re-experiencing of the trauma, avoidance of traumatic reminders/ general numbing of emotional responsiveness, and hyper-arousal (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). In order for the possible diagnosis of PTSD the individual needs to have exposed to a
Main Point: The effects on a person after they become addicted to something can be small, or they can be great, depending on the length of time they are exposed to the addictive behavior or substance and what caused it. The addiction affects the addict’s health, career and relationships. I can tell you from personal experience with having family members who were addicts, that I was traumatized growing up. (Personal story about couple arguing here.) According to Roxanne Edwards of Medicine.net, “In terms of effects on the body, intoxication with a substance can cause physical effects that range from marked sleepiness and slowed breathing …to the rapid heart rate...” In addition, psychologically they can have suicidal thoughts or elation depending on the addictive substance or behavior. This is why it is important for the addict to seek help because they cannot get rid of the issue on their own. Most of the time, addicts go through some sort of rehab treatment and when they are released they are instructed to go to meetings that help with the aftermath of addiction. Just a few of these groups are places like Alcoholics/Narcotics Anonymous, or even Celebrate Recovery. Although some places believe that these programs do not work, it is well worth mentioning that the success rates depend on the want to of the person working them. They have to want to remain sober or free from the addiction or they will go right back to it. Alcohol Rehab.com puts it this way, “Failure to
Ullrich, S., Farrington, D., & Coid, J. (2007). Dimensions of DSM-IV personality disorders and life-successes. Journal of Personality Disorders, 21, 657-663.
Substance abuse complicates almost every aspect of care for the person with a mental disorder. When drugs enter the brain, they can interrupt the work and actually change how the brain performs its jobs; these changes are what lead to compulsive drug use. Drug abuse plays a major role when concerning mental health. It is very difficult for these individuals to engage in treatment. Diagnosis for a treatment is difficult because it takes time to disengage the interacting effects of substance abuse and the mental illness. It may also be difficult for substance abusers to be accommodated at home and it may not be tolerated in the community of residents of rehabilitation programs. The author states, that they end up losing their support systems and suffer frequent relapses and hospitalizations (Agnes B. Hatfield, 1993).
The World Health Organization’s International Classification of Diseases (ICD 10) includes 10 common forms of personality disorder there is a common connection between the personality traits of all. Every single person has their own ways of thinking, feeling, reacting, and relating to certain things. In the instance when one of those elements does not work correctly and is essentially dysfunctional warrant the diagnosis of personality disorder. There is a fine line between the diagnosis of personality disorder and a mental disorder, which makes it hard to diagnose at times.