Many archaeological materials were found in Thailand, such as ceramics and pottery, glass, and amulets, etc. In this work, particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) method that based on 2 MeV proton beam at Chiang Mai University was used to analyze the atomic composition of ancient glass beads, decorative glass and Thai amulets. It was proved that PIXE which was non-destructive and without any sampling methods has been used to be the efficient technique to analyze the archaeological objects in a few minutes, in order to understand their characteristics and how they were produced in ancient time.
Keywords: PIXE, ancient pottery, ancient glass bead, decorative glass, amulet
1. INTRODUCTION
Historical glasses have been used as ornaments and decorations in Thailand for several hundred years as seen by archaeological evidences such as glass beads collected from different regions throughout the country. Decorative glasses such as ancient glass and ancient enamels can generally be found as architectural components in old palaces and Buddhist objects. Archaeological dating indicated that ancient glass beads were made more than 1300 years ago, while the ancient glass and enamels were more than 600 years old [1, 2].
The Ancient Thai glass (ATG) samples that one type of decorative glass, from some Buddhist site in the Ayutthaya World Heritage, central Thailand, were found in small broken pieces on the ground. They came in different colors, such as, red, green, blue, and amber. The glass samples were mostly monochrome and flat with about 0.2 mm thick. The previous work, blue-, green- and colorless ATG were already analyzed and shown that they were lead-based glass, and Co and Cu were the colorants for the blue and green...
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...ecorative glass and amulet, as a branch of archaeology, have centered on establishing the data and area of productions.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Financial support was partly provided by the Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Thailand. The works have been developed within the activities of the Glass and Glass Products Research and Development Laboratory of the Science and Technology Research Institute at Chiang Mai University (Chiang Mai, Thailand) and the Plasma and Beam Physics Facility at Faculty of Science of Chiang Mai University, the Science and Technology Service Center at Faculty of Science of Chiang Mai University. The Bureau of the Royal Household, Faculty of Archaeology at Silpakorn University and Air Vice Marshal Chatpisut Kamchareonpassorn were thanked for ancient Thai glass, ancient glass bead and Phra Somdej Wat Rakhang samples, respectively.
It was amazing to experience the excitement of ceramics art at Los Angeles County Museum of Art and seeing the eyes of people who were staring at the ergonomically well designed Jomon pot that looked very difficult to design by hand. The size of the Jomon pottery was 22 inches in height and is nearly equivalent to a fish bucket and the shape of the Jomon was a wide cylinder that looked like it could store lots of amount of water and fish. The Jomon had a combination with variety types of clay that were shadow and tint colors. The following date this Jomon pot was created was during the middle age of the Jomon Culture which was (c. 3000-2000 B.C.). The artist that created this Jomon pot was named Hamada Shoji and the specific element of this Jomon pot had a meandering lines, loops and spirals produce a rich interplay of light and dark, and positive and negative space, which create an engaging work of sculpture.
...ncyclopedia of Archaeology, Ed. Deborah M. Pearsall. Vol. 3. Oxford, United Kingdom: Academic Press, 2008. p1896-1905. New Britain: Elsevier, Inc.
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