Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
The fresh water is very important for all humans, animals, and all living organisms. After the air, water is the most essential component on the earth to sustain life. The main sources of water on the earth are rivers, lakes, underground water, springs, glaciers etc. The total amount of water required for drinking depends on the age of the humans, environmental conditions (eg. summer, winter), availability and the quality of water etc. All living things require water for the survival. Water is used for several activities like drinking, cooking, washing cloths and cleaning floors , gardening and industrial purposes. Water is not only used for the drinking purpose but it is also used for growing vegetation
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The physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the water sample are compared with the drinking water standards and guidelines for the determination of the Water Quality Index. If the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the water is beyond the define limit then it will affect the human health. It has been realized that the use of individual water quality variable in order to describe the water quality for common public is not easily understand worthy. Water Quality Index has an efficiency to convert all the information into a single number to indicate the data in a simple form. It is similar to Air Quality Index. According to World Health Organization (WHO), Gwalior was the second most air polluted city in the …show more content…
Gwalior is enclosed by industrial and commercial zones of nearby districts (Malanpur in Bhind, Banmor in Morena). It is located at 26.22oN and 78.18oE. It has a sub-tropical climate. Tigra dam is constructed on the Upstream of the Saank River near Gwalior districts. The water of Tigra dam is used for drinking water supply to Gwalior city. Total catchment area of the Tigra dam is 414.24 Sq. Km. River water passed through the many small’s villages and finally joins the Pilua dam constructed at the second end of the river near Morena district. It is a composite dam (Masonry and Earthen) and the catchment area of this dam is 544.30 Sq. Km. Most of the industry are located in Banmor near Nurabad village. The residents of Nurabad village use the river water for their day to day work without any treatment hence this site is selected for dissertation work. The brief details of sampling site are presented in the Table 1.1 and Figure 1.1 gives the location map of the study
The fact that water is necessary for survival makes it a key part of cultures. All major civilizations developed around a large source of water. This allows for agriculture, trade, transport etc. The benefits are numerous and as a result allow for population and economic growth. For human beings, water was not merely a substance that sustained life. It was above all an elemental ingredient in the way people conceived of the world and
Humans depend on water for survival and it is a very important part of our daily lives.
Man's efforts to improve the environment in which he lives and improve their quality of life, then depend on the availability of water, there is a close correlation between key water quality and public health, including the ability to access water and the level of hygiene and water between abundance and economic and tourism growth.
Water is one of the most important substances on earth. All plants and animals must have water to survive. If there was no water there would be no life on earth. Water nourishes
Water quality and sullying are enormous issues for society. We make due off of under 1% of the accessible freshwater on Earth, and quite a bit of that water is polluted. Taints can be regular, creature, or synthetic. There are a ton of perils connected with drinking or cooking with debased water. Maladies, toxins, and poisons can be found in sullied water. There is additionally a conceivable relationship between an expanded malignancy hazard and expending polluted water.
Fresh water is naturally occurring water on the Earth 's surface in ice sheets, ice caps, glaciers, icebergs, bogs, ponds, lakes, rivers and streams, and underground as groundwater in aquifers and underground streams. Water is predicted to become scarcer by the years 2020 to 2025, 1.8 people will live in areas with water scarcity because of use, growth, and climate change. The problem is humans have shown that they are not sufficient water users which in other words means they 're wasting water. That is just one of many reasons a few other reasons as to why fresh water is a scarce resource are water footprints, pollution, and climate change. If we find a way to efficiently manage these factors we could help preserve
Water is essential for life. Without water, we would die within days. Early human civilizations were founded on rivers- without them, society would not have advanced and we would still be primitive hunters and gathers.
There will growth of water born diseases increasing health hazards and degradation of environment and ecosystems. This affects the natural environment system leading to exaction of some species. And the due contamination of water can also lower the production of agriculture products and other economy activities will decrease. If there will more water bodies pollution it also has negative effects on its environment there decline of economy of the country. Since more of the country budget have invest on the health sectors. The country major users of water are agriculture, intensification hydropower and industrialization. Urbanization is another significant challenge. Rural-urban migration increases pressure on urban infrastructure and services and cause environmental problems which will lead to water pollution.
) In the world of ours – war, world hunger, and water – are all problems that we face. On average six to eight million people die per year from not having enough water to drink. If I had to change the world I would make it easier for everyone to be able to get and drink clean water. Even though the world struggles with war which has killed 108 million people, it isn’t a daily thing it’s only once every 20 years, but dying from poor water is an everyday thing. Hunger is another huge problem, but not having water is worse. People can go days without food, but water is something we need to be drinking daily. (4) Having water everywhere will mean people will not die from dehydration, people will live healthier, people will be able to spend time
There are many types of pollution. The main types of pollution are water, air, soil, thermal, radioactive, noise, and light. The topic for this experiment is Water Pollution. Water Pollution became a problem in the 1900’s when water started being treated like sewage. Earth Day was founded by United States Senator Gaylord Nelson on April 22, 1970 because of 1900’s pollution. Water Pollution also affects humans and animals. There was a Cholera outbreak in 1854, before water pollution became a problem, and a Typhoid outbreak in New York from 1900 to 1915. There are multiple possible causes to Water Pollution. Humans let out chemicals into the environment, and when some of those chemicals
Water is the most vital part of life. Water is needed from humans, to plants and other organisms, and to do basically everything. Water allows our bodily functions to work and to remove waste from our bodies. Plants need water to grow, and humans need plants to gr...
Monitoring is a critical and expensive but necessary step in proving the success of any water quality management plans that are implemented. It is essentialthat any data obtained from monitoring, be retained for at least 5 years in order to measure the success of the management planand to what degree. Monitoring programmes are required to be sufficient as to provide a measurement for:
Water is essential in the life, not just for human, but all living things in the earth. While animal and plants can carry a long time without it. Water consider a basic for human, important for our health and growth. All water on earth: ocean 97.5%. However, freshwater 2.5%.There are a lot of clean water In contrast many countries in the world have pollution water. The problem is that not everyone has access to water.
Water quality can be described as the measurement of the condition of water relative to the requirements of humans, animals and plant’s need. When we talk about water quality testing, we are highlighting a critical piece of natural observing for civil engineers in order to create a specific structure or decision. At the point when water quality is poor, it influences almost every single form of life in our planet; going from plants to animals and thereon. Hydrology, in the other hand, is the study of water. It is important to state that hydrology is a critical part for civil engineers to determine and predicting decisions that will affect our biological environment.
Indira, K., and Romit, S. n.d. Drinking water quality in rural India: Issues and approaches. http://www.waterawards.in/suggested-reading/wateraid-drinking-water-quality.pdf (accessed November 10, 2010).