Theory: The purpose of this experiment was to demonstrate and better understand thin lenses. The two types of thin lenses are concave where the lens curves in and convex when the lens curves out. There are three characteristics of thin lenses, which include; a chef ray, which goes through the center of the lens and does not deviate, the parallel ray that shines parallel to the lens and is refracted through the focal point on the opposite side, lastly there is the focal ray, which shines through the focal point that is on the same side of the lens as the object and at the middle of the lens is refracted parallel to the lens. At the point where two or more reflections of the rays meet is where the image is created. A real image is one that is …show more content…
Equations:
1/do + 1/di = 1/ 1/distance from object + 1/distance from image = 1/focal length
M = -di/do magnification factor = - distance form object/distance from image
1/f = (n-1) [1/R1 +
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The only thing that changes at every distance is the size. At 55cm the image was reduced, at 36cm the object stayed the same size, and at 30cm the object was enlarged. At 10cm the image became virtual as seen by the negative image distance, which means it is also upright, the size is enlarged even more than at 30cm going form a magnification factor of -1.6 to 2.25. Therefore, the image increases in size, as the object gets closer to the lens.
All concave lenses, will make a virtual image, regardless of their distance from the object. The images will also always be upright and reduced. This is due to the fact that it is not possible for any of the rays to cross on the other side of the lens because the rays diverge or spread apart once they ass through it.
As the object is brought closer to a concave lens it always remains virtual and upright. The image distance seems to decrease slightly with the objects distance. As the object gets closer to the lens the image does get larger but always remains smaller that its actual size.
Convex lenses are able to produce both virtual and real images. The virtual image occurs when the object is very close to the lens, 10cm or less. Concave lenses can only produce virtual images because the rays cannot converge on the other
...as the mountains appear less detailed but accurate size across the back. Sizes of objects definitely lends itself to the perspective with larger objects being close and smaller less detailed objects in the distance.
projected its rays through the tinted glass... But in the western or black chamber the effect of the
The human eye’s ability to view focused images of both nearby and distant objects is dependent upon its capacity to accommodate. When you want to look at something nearby, the lens in your eye assumes a large curvature, resulting in a shorter focal length. Conversely, your lens becomes flatter in shape and takes on a longer focal length when you want to look at a distant object. Accommodation is key in allowing your eyes to use its muscles to change focal lengths in order to see objects at a variety of distances. When you lose the ability to accommodate, the lenses in your eyes become locked to focus on either near or far away objects. In the case of nearsighted individuals, light entering the eye can only focus on objects nearby. As a result, distant objects appear blurry because light is focused in front of the retina, or the light-sensitive tissue layer at the back of the eye, instead of directly on it.
...ossessed with three dimensional attributes. The optical effect may be explained by the fact that the human eyes see an object from two viewpoints separated laterally by about six centimeters. The two views show slightly different spatial relationships between near and near distant objects and the visual process fuses these stereoscopic views to a single three dimensional impression. The same parallax view of an object may be experienced upon reflection of an object seen from a concave mirror." (http://www.freepatentsonline.com/4229761.html).
This is a representation of the eye's lens system. This eye has no eye condition, such as nearsightedness or farsightedness, and the lens is drawn in its relaxed position. The light rays are focused appropriately on the retina. The thickness of the cornea is 0.449 mm, the distance from the cornea to the lens is 2.
UNDERSTANDING CAMERA LENSES Understanding camera lenses can help add more creative control to digital photography. Choosing the right lens for the task can become a complex trade-off between cost, size, weight, lens speed and image quality. This tutorial aims to improve understanding by providing an introductory overview of concepts relating to image quality, focal length, perspective, prime vs. zoom lenses and aperture or f-number. LENS ELEMENTS & IMAGE QUALITY All but the simplest cameras contain lenses which are actually comprised of several "lens elements."
...isual attention within and around the field of focal attention: A zoom lens model. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 40(4): 225-240.
D. Space – Gogh uses linear and atmospheric perspective to give the illusion of depth. Linear perspective is created by the left border, diagonal lines of the field and the horizon. The vanishing point is the left part of the frame along the horizon line. Atmospheric perspective is created in a number of ways. Gogh uses color in...
In the early 1400s, Italian engineer and architect, Filippo Brunelleschi, rediscovered the system of perspective as a mathematical technique to replicate depth and form within a picture plane. According to the principles, establishing one or more vanishing points can enable an artist to draw the parallels of an object to recede and converge, thus disappearing into a “distance”. In 1412, Brunelleschi demonstrated this technique to the public when he used a picture of the Florence Baptistery painted on a panel with a small hole in the centre.3 In his other hand, he held a mirror to reflect the painting itself, in which the reflected view seen through the hole depicted the correct perspective of the baptistery. It was confirmed that the image
“The camera may be thought of as a comparable to the eye. The difference is
What is forced perspective? Forced perspective is a technique that involves optical illusion to make the object seem larger, smaller, closer or further than it actually is. It influences the visual perception and is used mainly in filmmaking, photography and architecture. Forced Perspective was developed by the Romans during the Renaissance period. It came about when a stage designer started layering set pieces to make the stage space appear bigger than it is.
Our mind is pushing us up to perceive the distance of a thing in fog and this perception is depending on the stimulus related to vision that is impairing by the fog.
..., and filled it with figures floating upward. On the floor beneath this scene is a marble disk to mark the ideal spot from which the viewer can fully experience the illusion .
...he cornea is deformed so that its surface is oval instead of spherical. Light rays are distorted at the entrance of the eye. This produces a blurred image and is known as astigmatism. To correct it, glasses are given a nonspherical or cylindrical curvature. Cross-eyes and walleyes are produced when both eyes do not work together because of weakness of the eye muscles.
The refracting telescope is one of many different types of telescope. Refracting telescopes work by refracting the light through an initial convex lens, (known as the objective lens), then through another convex lens (known as the eyepiece lens). These two lenses focus the light into the eyepiece so we can see the image clearly.