Physical, Cognitive, and Psychosocial Development From the very beginning of our life, from conception until death we grow in many ways. We grow physically, cognitively, and socially but which of these is more important? Physical development, cognitive development, or psychosocial development they are all intertwined and are based upon each other. An issue with physical development can cause serious detrimental effects on both cognitive development and psychosocial development. For example; a child who is born with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome will not only have physical malformations but also cognitive delays and this in turn can lead to psychosocial delays. Physical development is the most important for the first few years of life as well as cognitive …show more content…
Fertilization occurs when the sperm from the male and the ovum from the female combine to create a zygote. The zygote will then go through a gestational period which consists of three different stages. The first stage is the germinal stage and it starts from conception and ends at two weeks, during this stage the zygote divides and becomes much more complex and then implants into the uterine wall where it will then go on to the second stage. The second stage is the embryonic stage, this stage starts at two weeks and ends at eight weeks. During the embryonic stage the zygote has become an embryo and the organs and major body systems form and develop very rapidly. This is one of the most critical periods for physical development, the embryo is very sensitive to many different types of influences. The third and final stage of the gestational period is the fetal stage, this stage starts at eight weeks and ends at birth. During this stage the fetus grows approximately twenty times its previous length and the organs and body systems continue to develop becoming more complex and becomes ready for survival outside of the womb. Children grow the fastest during the first three years of their life, and they will never grow this rapidly again. As the child grows the child will go through various stages of physical development such as puberty and sexual maturity. After the first few …show more content…
Cognitive development refers to how a person perceives, thinks, and gains understanding of their world. The areas of cognitive development consist of information processing, intelligence, reasoning, language development, and memory. Infants are born with the ability to learn by sight, taste, sound, and touch and will explore their world with these newfound abilities. This lays the major foundation for cognitive development, if the infant is unable to learn with these senses there can be delays in the learning. Sometime the delays can be caused by physical abnormalities such as blindness, deafness, being mute, or even being born without limbs. Children learn in various ways and do not have to rely on these senses per say but because theses senses play a very large role in the development of cognitive abilities, there can be small delays or even very large delays that can cause issues throughout the entire life span. There are milestones in which to look out for during cognitive development generally by four months the child should be able to explore objects with their fingers, hands, and toes, recognize the bottle or breast, turn head toward bright colors and lights, smile responsively, and should be able to recognize parents. By about eight months the child should then be able to uncover hidden toys,
Fetal development begins with the fertilization of an ovum; the female reproductive cell, capable of developing into a new organism upon fertilization, by a sperm; the male reproductive cell capable of fertilizing an ovum. Three stages follow fertilization: the zygote, the embryo, and the fetus (Whitney & Rolfes, 2016, p. 475).
Cognitive development refers to the development of human’s ability to conduct mental activities to think and use knowledge. Researchers and psychologists attach great importance to figure out how human’s cognition develops over time, especially during childhood and adolescence. The results and theories concluded in this area could make a great contribution to high quality education and the mental health of children and teenagers.
Social and environmental variables affect cognitive development. Cognitive development focuses on the person’s ability to intellectually, perceive and process information. (35589) defined the cognitive ability as the process in which people learn, think and use language; it is the progression of their mental capacity from being irrational to rational (35589). Piaget and Vygotsky are two cognitive theorists who are interested in the cognitive development of a person across their life span and its relation with social and environmental factors. Piaget is the most known cognitive theorist who affected the world of psychology greatly, and was a great influence to many psychologists out there; however his main intention was the innate maturity process and, unlike Vygotsky, he underestimated the role of language and social interaction and his theory wasn’t useful in the teaching field.
Cognitive development is the growth in children's ways of thinking about and interacting with their environment. Young children initially learn about the world through active, physical exploration and then gradually develop the ability to think symbolically and logically about their experiences. Children are curious explorers, and their cognitive development involves learning new concepts and testing a variety of ideas.
Cognition is the ability to gain knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses. There are essentially four stages of cognitive development; sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. The sensorimotor stage is from birth to around 2 years old and during this stage you know the world only by movements and sensations. The next stage, preoperational, happens between 2 and 7 and is when you start to think symbolically and use words and pictures for objects. The third stage, concrete operational, is from 7 to 11, and you begin to think logically. The final stage, formal operational, happens at the ages 12+. This stage you begin to reasonably think about hypothetical problems. This is how cognition normally develops, but there are certain ways that cognitive development can be affected.
The first two years of a humans life are bursting with biosocial, cognitive, and psychosocial development. In the first few weeks after conception to two years after birth a child’s brain experiences more growth than any other organ in the body. During the first two years of a child’s life the brain is very plastic and malleable. In order for children to continue down a path of success and learning there are certain experiences a child must have in order to develop normally. The First Two years of a child life is responsible for the foundation that is layed.
Since the beginning of time, fathers have had a profound effect on their child’s development. Over the years, the norm for traditional family dynamics of having a father figure in the household has changed drastically, and so did the roles of the parents. It is not as common as it used to be to have a father or father figure in the home. In this day and age, women are more likely to raise children on their own and gain independence without the male assistance due to various reasons. The most significant learning experience and development of a person’s life takes place in their earlier years when they were children. There are many advantages when there is a mother and father combined in a
Children’s development in all aspects are influenced by genetic composition (Nature) and the environment in which they grow (Nurture). They are influenced by all adults in which they come into significant contact. Smiling at someone unfamiliar or speaking to a stranger is less likely to have a lasting impact on the child or their development. However, parents and immediate family have the most impact on a child’s development. A family is defined as at least one adult and one child who live together and in which the adult is control of the child’s life and behavior as well as demonstrates responsible care for the child (McDevitt & Ormand, 2013). Parents are the primary educators and caregivers,
Rapid growth of the brain and nervous system continues during the early years of a child’s life, however because of birth defects or health problems some children may be at a risk of cognitive delays. Problems such as Autism, where children may have a difficult time with language skills and sensitivity to touch, behavioral problems, or chemical exposures can all affect a child’s cognitive development. For most children though with a proper diet and plenty of stimulation cognitive abilities will develop rapidly, and by about 7 years ones cognitive skills have become “functionally related to the elements of adult intelligence.”
A child is considered an infant from the age of 2 to 12 months. From 12 months to 36 months this is considered the toddler years where the cognitive, emotional, and social development is great. The social emotional development occurs during early childhood where children experience different moods as well as expanding their social world by learning more about their emotions and other people. The social emotional development is a child's way of understanding the feelings of others, controlling their own feelings and behaviors and getting along with peers. The key to a successful emotional and social development are positive relationship with trusting and caring adults. The social and emotional development in infants and toddlers can have negative
Language plays a major role in a child’s life, because some children will dialogues with themselves through how they engage with themselves or other children through imaginative play. Vygotsky explains this as how they will make up their own story and give their characters different names, and also changing the voices of each character. This helps children with their vocabulary skills, in which it will help them in the long run to name, and negative the different things that they will start to come into connect with as they get older. Language is also known as a symbolic system of communication and a cultural tool transmit play, and cultural history both play a big part in language development, and understanding the world around them. And also
The egg is covered with a hard protein shell that called a zona. No sperm is just strong enough to break this shell, so the sperm has to introduce itself properly first. Once the sperm goes through and completes all of the challenges. The egg and sperm take over and begin developing a baby. The development of a baby goes through three trimesters before the parents get to meet their “Life’s Greatest
Child psychology, also known as child development, is the study of psychological growth of children; how these mechanisms develop from infancy to adolescence and why they deviate from one child to the next. Child development is associated with biological, psychological, and emotional diversity that occur in humans. Although there is a different advancement for each child, these developmental changes may be greatly determined by genetic factors and experience during prenatal life. The early years of a child’s life are very important for his or her health and development. Parents, health professionals, educators, and others can work together as partners to help children grow up to reach their full potential.
I took this class because it aligns with other studies I have done. I have completed life coaching certificates and other psychology and mental classes. My expectations for this class are to learn what it means to educate and be educated. In life and business, I can see where understanding individual and/or group motivations can help show the bigger picture and give ideas on how to proceed.
Fertilization (conception) is the moment in which the sperm cell enters the oocyte and merges with it. From this moment, the cell division begins: at each division the number of cells is doubled in the fertilized egg. About two days after fertilization, the fertilized egg migrates the remaining way of the fallopian tube down to the uterus, where the implantation takes place. So that it can even come to the fertilization, some conditions are necessary, which will all together lead to the sperm and egg cell coming together. This is how fertilization works: After ovulation, the ovum migrates in the fallopian tube towards the uterus. In the next twelve to 24 hours she is fertile. The sperm arriving at the ovum try to drill through its shell. Fertilization