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Addiction to drugs and alcohol by teenagers
Sociological view of addiction
Sociological view of addiction
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Recommended: Addiction to drugs and alcohol by teenagers
Modern American society has become covered by multitudes of opinions that all strive for a better America. Whether the individual is a politician with great influence or the common man with his or her strong-minded opinion, each argument contributes to the betterment of society. An age old struggle, addiction, has been deemed a major problem in society due to the physical and mental harm it causes, but the major connotation of addiction is solely related to substance and alcohol abuse. In the progressive, technological era today, addiction breaks into new boundaries where technology proves as lethal a dose as conventional drugs. As such, the perspectives within the U.S. of young adults, experienced professionals, and recovering addicts provide invaluable insight on the acceptable nature of both physical and technological addiction in society, and these perspectives show the core values that define American culture.
The stereotypical drug and alcohol abuse that society has focused on in the past related to college students and their inability to control their tendencies. The rampancy of uncontrolled underage drinking is a deterrent in the average student’s education, but the underlying problem in today’s society falls within the technological conveniences provided. Being connected to social media, having easy access to “shortcuts” within text, and the internet in general all contribute to the lethargy that students face. The demon that society criticizes addiction upon, substance and alcohol abuse, is perhaps not as pivotal as the technological “abuse” seen today. In the article, “Growing Up Digital, Wired for Distraction,” Matt Richtel describes the struggle of a high school senior that had chosen the internet as a distraction r...
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...le. The fact of the matter remains that addiction comes in all forms and that despite the well-accepted definition of addiction that is substance and alcohol addiction, technology in society is equivalent in deterring the future generation.
Works Cited
"A Bridge to Recovery on Campus." The New York Times. The New York Times, 21 Jan. 2012. Web. 27 Mar. 2014.
Richtel, Matt. "Growing Up Digital, Wired for Distraction." The New York Times. The New York Times, 20 Nov. 2010. Web. 24 Mar. 2014.
Slater, Philip. "Want-Creation Fuels Americans' Addictiveness." One World, Many Cultures. New York: Macmillan Pub., 1992. 391-96. Print.
Wallace, David L. "Addiction Postulates and Legal Causation, or Who's in Charge, Person or Brain?" Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law 41.1 (2013): n. pag. Web. 7 Apr. 2014. .
Addiction may be defined as the chronic use of drugs alongside the problems resulting from their use. Despite the person being aware of the consequences of using the drug, he continues to use it. If not attended to, addiction may cause serious social problems and even death (Hanson et al. 36). In order to address drug addiction, it is vital to understand addiction itself and where it stems from.
The term addiction can be interpreted in many ways, concering both illegal and legal substances. Not only can one become addicted to a substance, but also activities like gambling, shoplifting, and sex. Prior to considering addiction, one must first understand what constitutes a substance. Levinthal (2002) describes a drug as a chemical substance that changes the functioning of the body when ingested (4). Although illegal drugs may come to mind when hearing this definition, alcohol and tobacco fit under this criteria as well. For the purpose of this essay, controlled and regulated (licit/legal) substances will be focused upon. Alcohol is a regulated substance that can be thought of as a social drug (Levinthal, 2002, p.192) and arguably tobacco
Sally Satel, author of “Addiction Doesn’t Discriminate? Wrong,” leads us down a harrowing path of the causes and effects that lead people to addiction. It can be a choice, possibly subconscious, or a condition that leads a person left fighting a lifelong battle they did not intend to sign up for. Mental and emotional health/conditions, personality traits, attitudes, values, behaviors, choices, and perceived rewards are just a few of the supposed causes of becoming an addict.
For the purposes of this essay, I am forced to agree that drug addiction is a choice. People get high and drink because they want to and if they are not careful they can become an addict. The research I found on this particular topic seemed to have the most support and facts to dismiss the idea that addiction is a disease. I also beeivle if there was enough evidence to support the idea of addiction being a disease it would not be such a controversial topic.
The multi-causal model of drug abuse takes into account social and individual causes of addiction, both distant and immediate, that lead to a disposition to using drugs, drug use and the social and individual consequences. Why a person becomes addicted to drugs or alcohol is different for everyone. Some are genetically predisposed, some learn it from their environment (i.e. family or friends), and still others use it to avoid a trauma they have experienced. The case history describes a client that had both social and individual causes for her alcohol use and subsequent dependence.
Lash, S. J., Timko, C, Curran, G M., McKay, J R., Burden, J L.; (Jun, 2011). Psychology of Addictive Behaviors; Vol 25(2); 238-251. Doi: 10.1037/a0022608
According to Leshner, drug addiction is a chronic brain disease that is expressed in the form of compulsive behaviors (Leshner, 2001). He believes that drug addiction is influence by both biological, and behavioral factors, and to solve this addiction problem we need to focus on these same factors. On the other hand, Neil Levy argues that addiction is not a brain disease rather it is a behavioral disorder embedded in social context (Levy, 2013). I believe, drug addiction is a recurring brain disease that can be healed when we alter and eliminate all the factors that are reinforcing drug addiction.
Peele, S. (1985). The meaning of addiction: Compulsive experience and its interpretation. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books/Heath.
“Addiction is a brain disease expressed in the form of compulsive behavior,” says by Alan Leshner in his article, “Addiction Is a Brain Disease” featured in the book Drug Abuse: Opposing Viewpoints. Addiction has a variety of meanings depending on what your viewpoint of addiction. According to dictionary.com, the concrete definition of the word addiction is, “the state of being enslaved to a habit or practice or to something that is psychologically or physically habit-forming, as narcotics, to such an extent that its cessation causes severe trauma.” Basically various doctors and therapist consider addiction to be a genetic disorder. “Provocative, controversial, unquestionably incomplete, the dopamine hypothesis provides a basic framework for understanding how a genetically encoded trait — such as a tendency to produce too little dopamine — might intersect with environmental influences to create a serious behavioral disorder. Therapists have long known of patients who, in addition to having psychological problems, abuse drugs as well. Could their drug problems be linked to some inborn quirk?” (Nash, and Parker, pg 2 of 8). Along with addiction being possibly a genetic disorder, a minority of scientist believe that the word ‘addiction’ is too broad in its denotation. “If addiction means ‘compulsive, out of control use of a dangerous drug’ is this the same as a person’s being ‘addicted’ to a cell phone? Scientist cannot work or live with this imprecision.” (Erickson, 2 of 253). They believe that the word is misunderstood in denotation. “It is important to correct the common misimpression that drug use, abuse and addiction are points on a single continuum along which one slides back and forth over time, moving from user to addict, th...
A summary of the article “Addiction: Choice or Compulsion” will explain the theories and models of addictive behavior. The moral model shows addiction as a voluntary act, which the addict can control. The medical model portrays addiction as a disease and compulsive behavior that the addict has no control over. The introduction of the third model will suggest that it is neither compulsive nor voluntary (Henden, Melberg, & Rogeberg, 2013).
Toates, F. (2010) ‘The nature of addictions: scientific evidence and personal accounts’ in SDK228 The science of the mind: investigating mental health, Book 3, Addictions, Milton Keynes, The Open University, pp. 1-30.
Main Point: What defines an addiction? According to Psychology Today, “Addiction is a condition that results when a person ingests a substance…. or engages in an activity….that can be pleasurable but the continued use/act of which becomes compulsive and interferes with ordinary life responsibilities, such as work, relationships, or health.” This can range anywhere from drug use to eating disorders, to gambling, to even texting in today’s generation. Shocking to say the least, especially when most people do not even know they are addicted or are an addict until they realize this definition.
So, it is clear that addiction is all around us and can attack anyone of us at any given time. Even studies conducted show that people neglect to speak around their dependency for two primary reasons. Foremost, because people do not comprehend, or they bear a total misconception to their addiction, that they do not realize that addictions can be critical to their overall wellness. Moreover, second, many people believe being an addict will never happen to them, but, in reality, most addictions start off as simple little habits. Such as starting with one drink after dinner and before you know it you are drinking several drinks a day. However, one does not opt to be addicted to a substance, because addictions are physical defects in the brain, a disease, and not one’s choice.
Article by Beato is targeting college students because most of the examples he gives in the article are about college students. He thinks that college students get more affected from internet addiction. In third paragraph he says that “ University of Maryland went on a 24- hour media fast for a group study,” he says that students felt “anxious” “miserable” and “crazy” without Twitter, Facebook and their iPods.
Hirschman, E. C., (Sept 1 1992). The Consciousness of Addiction: Toward a General Theory of