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Training techniques for athletes
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Pre-season Training
For pre-season training there will be 2 rest days per week, and for each training method, the intensity level will increase gradually and more exercise will be added each week. As well as the progressive overload so that my body would be more adapted for the mid-season.
For weight training, it will be incline bench pull-down with 3 sets, 10 reps and 1-minute rest interval then barbell lunge for 3 sets and 10 reps and 1-minute rest interval then barbell upright roll for 3 sets, 10 reps. This training will help me to develop my power and the explosive strength required when throwing the javelin. For plyometric training, it will be upper body plyometric exercises based. E.g. a partner dropping a medicine ball towards me as I lie back on the ground with my arms pre-stretched then immediately push the ball back up. For javelin drills, it will be throwing weighted balls at 4 pounds and under or hip drill – exaggerating the throwing position. And with a javelin it could be stretching exercises or lighter implement for arm speed. For core stability training, it wil...
Performance enhancing drugs have been a longstanding problem in sports. It not only deteriorates the honesty of the game, but also can have broader social affects that one may not even realize. The use of performance enhancing drugs is especially apparent in Major League Baseball. This problem can be traced back to the 1980’s when baseball was facing one of its first “dark periods”. During the 1980’s Major League Baseball was experiencing a home run drought. Home run totals were down as far as they had been since Babe Ruth, and fans were seemingly becoming bored with the sport. The lack of home runs was a growing concern for players whose salary relied on home run totals. Players needed to find a quick way to boost their power and performance in order to keep the sport alive and to keep bringing in their paychecks. This desire for fame and fortune introduced steroids into Major League Baseball in the 1990’s and 2000’s. Home run totals jumped tremendously during these decades and players were willing to risk being caught using illegal substances in order to shine above the rest. New idols and role models started to sprout up from these outstanding home run statistics and young children started to take notice. This all came tumbling down when these new idols and role models who were making the big bucks and hitting the ball out of the park tested positive for performance enhancing drugs. Here lie the affects of a growing social problem in sports. These famed athletes become walking advertisements and promotions for the use of performance enhancing drugs in sports. The influence professional athletes have over aspiring young athletes is very powerful and these roles models make it seem acceptable to use performance ...
Pez was invented in 1927 in Vienna, Austria by an already accomplished candyman named Edward Haas III. The word "Pez" comes from the German word for peppermint, which is phefferminz. You take the first, middle, and last letters, put them together and you get Pez. When Edward Haas first invented Pez it was originally a breath mint for adult smokers, thus the first dispenser which came along in 1947, naturally, looked like a cigarette lighter.
The Standing Overarm Throw (SOT) is a single-handed throw of an object where it is released above the shoulder. The SOT is a complex skill that involves the entire body. The SOT is an open kinetic chain, which refers to movements in which successive body joints move in combination and where the last segment of movement is free. In SOT, there are many joints or segments involved which generate the force needed to achieve a further distance. Using more joints can produce more force. Force summation also plays a part. Force is generated from the major muscle groups (legs), which is accelerated through the pelvis and the trunk, and culminates in the arm, wrists and fingers. Most of the overhead throw takes place in the limbs, which is a 3rd class lever. The lever is the whole of the moment arm – with the force arm is at the elbow joint and the resistance arm is from the elbow to the wrist/fingers. A player who can utilize this lever to the maximum potential is able to generate more force to propel the object forward. The objective for this paper is to compare the differences in the standing overarm throw between an adult and a child below 7 years old using a plastic shuttlecock. The measurements of the distance thrown are tabulated below:
When completing an exercise a person is expecting results that day, during or post workout. Training is a long-term process that creates noticeable and physical results over a span of weeks, even months and years. Training involves planning with preparation for the training duration and progress towards a goal. The desire to win and be better than the competition is essentially important for professional and collegiate athletes. These athletes take training and preparation for a competition to a new level of determination and commitment. For the last two years, I have been working with the University of Oklahoma’s softball team as their student athletic trainer. I attend every practice, workout, and all of their games. As the student athletic trainer, I help with assessing their injuries, with treatment and rehabilitation of their injuries as well as injury prevention. I have watched these women go through some strenuous workouts and have seen their improvements. Some of the girls have asked about taking CrossFit classes or other workout programs during winter and summer breaks. Our strength coach advised against taking the CrossFit classes that he has not specifically approved. He
An Off Season, a Pre Season and a Competitive Season. The Off Seasons provides the player with 6 to 8 weeks of little or no training. The outline for the Pre Season is 2 to 4 months of training, generally starting in October. This period of time, will ensure that the players undertake up to 14 to 15 sessions a week, where the practice the skills of sprint training, aerobic conditioning, resistance training, game theory sessions, recovery session and attendance at physiotherapy sessions. The Competitive Season is where teams compete with one another, in one game per week as well as weekly training. This is where many players may become injured over the 22 round
The world of sports and athletics has become inundated with ways to get fit, trim fat and build muscle. The truth be told there are no quick fixes or workout plans that work the exact same for everyone. Many factors play into the effectiveness of a successful workout program. There are just as many techniques of working out as there are factors to success. Finding which workout technics work for each athlete or client can be the difference between mediocre progress and phenomenal progress. A few of the workout technics that stand out amongst the pack are Forced Repetitions, Periodization (cycling), Pyramid System and last but certainly not lest Super Sets. The afore mentioned techniques span beyond the basic iron pumping mentality of weight training and narrows the scope of training down to a more scientific application. For the purpose of this research a more in-depth look will be taken into each technique and then further identify any similarities and or contrasts.
In this paper I will be looking at an article called The Over Training Syndrome, which was written in 1994. I will be comparing the information in the article with the content from the week 6 Qualifying Sports Training lecture. This will be done by directly quoting the article, then the lecture and having a short discussion on the quoted point. The four areas of comparison will be; the definition of overtraining, the cause of overtraining, the effects of over training, and the recovery time from overtraining. The goal of this paper is to discuss the advancement in knowledge over the last twenty years in these four points on overtraining.
running, and do the same to cool down."A warm up prepares your body for exercise by gradually incrementing blood flow and raising core muscle temperature," verbalizes Jerry Napp, Tampa Bay running coach. "The cooldown may be even more consequential. Ceasing suddenly can cause leg cramps, nausea, dizziness, or fainting."The Exception: It takes less than 10 minutes to rev up on warm days.5. The 2-Day Rule If something hurts for two straight days while running,take two days off.Two straight days of pain may signal the commencement of an injury. "Even taking five days of consummate rest from running will have less hit/effect on your fitness level," verbalizes Troy Smurawa, M.D., team medico for USA Triathlon.The Exception: If something hurts for a fortnight,even if you've taken your reposal days, visually perceive a medico.6.
...trength and toning the workout down so they will peak at competition. We choose these exercises, intensity, volume, and rest for each week because of the player’s baseline and where the player needs to be on competition day.
During the 1950s the PE program was based on traditional programs which included movement exploration, rhythm and dance, games, sports skills, sports activities, stunts, tumbling, and swimming. The structure in PE changed dramatically with the increase interest in PE and more emphasis where put into place for schools to implement positive PE programs. By 1963, eight states required students to participate in PE programs daily. However, by 1965, a slowdown occurred in which schools wanted students to focus more on academic subjects more so than PE programs.
...individuals; this is further supported by the ACSM guidelines (Ratamess et al., 2009). Willardson et al.’s (2008) research can be applied to Mr Hards programme as subjects had a wealth of strength training experience; they do however highlight that rest periods can vary depending on individual training age, level and goals. To conclude if the training difficulty is not increased at a point, no further gains in the specific muscle groups (Quads/hamstrings, Gastrocnemius/Soleus and Gluteus). Therefore to progressively overload targeted muscles groups contains increasing total training volume by increasing number of sets or repetitions and rest periods. More importantly these changes must be implemented steadily to allow sufficient time for physiological adaptations, due to these factors total training volume should be made in small amount of 2.5% to 5% (ACSM, 2002).
“After 5 months of training I expect to be moderately stronger and more efficient in all areas of activity as well as see a reduction in body fat and an increase in lean body mass.”
...required, but the volume of exercise can be gradually progressed to meet American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) guidelines (Stevinson 2007). Stevinson suggests that an exercise training program needs to have a gradual increase in the volume of the training so that patients will see long term improvements (2007). Each exercise session should include a warm-up, the actual exercise itself, and the cool-down. The warm-up should include a light aerobic exercise so that the heart rate and body temperature is increased gradually, followed by some simple stretching for all of the muscle groups that are going to be used in the session (Stevinson 2007). The exercise itself should include a prescribed time, intensity, and type of the exercise. Lastly, the cool-down should consist of stretching exercises so that the body can return to normal-resting values (Stevinson 2007).
I am sure most of you out there have worked out 6 days and took off 1 day. Sure, you might be able to get away with that for a little while but in the long run you won’t! If there are imbalances between high training day volumes and not enough rest days then your performance may suffer. Did you know that you are building muscle on your rest days, not during your lifting days. When we are lifting weights, we are breaking down the muscle fibers. During our resting days that is when our bodies are repairing the muscle. If we keep breaking down the muscle and not give it the proper time to heal and recover, then you are wasting your time in the gym. Fatigue is one of the most common signs that you will see when we talk about overtraining. It can be hard to identify because you could just be having one of the lazy days and then you rebound the next day. If you are experiencing long periods of time where you are constantly tired, then taking 3 days or more off could help you in the long
In order to fully understand the impact and effect of overtraining, defining and establishing the difference of what overtraining is from other conditions, such as overreaching, is necessary. Overtraining is defined as the accumulation of both training and non-training stresses producing a long-term effect on the athlete’s performance capacity, with or without physical and psychological overtraining signs and symptoms in which recovery of the performance capacity will take weeks to months (Halson, 2004 p. 969). Overreaching, however, is defined by the accumulation of training and non-training stresses with a short-term effect on the a...