The Basic Overview of Exercise Physiology
Drew Fulks
Texas Tech University Abstract
In this essay, the basics of exercise physiology will give the reader a better sense of what the subject covers, the history, the careers that can be available by majoring in exercise physiology. This essay will also cover the difference between clinical exercise physiology (CEP) and nonclinical exercise physiology (NCEP). In the book Exercise physiology: nutrition, energy, and human performance, it goes over the history of how exercise physiology has evolved over the years. This will give a better understanding of how exercise physiology originated and how it became what it is today. In the book Essentials of exercise physiology, it will discuss what
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Modern scientific research on exercise has become top of the list for exercise physiologists whose purpose is to study how exercising affects the body. Over the years, exercise physiology has become the top researched sub-discipline of kinesiology. It is considered to be the foundation for fitness and rehabilitation. Exercise physiology can be used for medical patients or people just trying to live a healthier lifestyle.
What Is Exercise Physiology According to Paul Davis, Exercise Physiology discovers the “short-term biological responses to the stress of physical activity” (Davis 2015). In more basic terms, it is the study of how the body responds to exercise or normal physical activity. It also studies “how the body adapts to repeated bouts of physical activity over time” (Davis 2015). This means that over time, exercise physiologist study how the body will change because of repeated exercises or physical activity. These two definitions generally cover the goals of exercise physiologists when they conduct studies to improve the human physical peak and healthy lifestyles. Physiologists will train their patients knowing the safety and risks of workouts to achieve a healthy overall health by implementing workout programs, specifically programs to increase the strength, flexibility, and endurance of their patient. Usually the experiments are researched in a lab
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Galen was considered the “most well-known and influential physician” in the early eras (McArdle 2015). Then in the renaissance period, there was a drastic increase in physiology and medicine due to the plagues that were sweeping through Europe. According to McArdle,
Antoine Laurent Lavoisier conducted the first “exercise physiology experiment” measuring the oxygen used and the heart rate of the patient as they breathed through a small tube (McArdle 2015). In the 1900s more drastic research was given to add to the increased knowledge of exercise physiology. Frederick Gowland Hopkins did a paper on lactic acid in muscles. This showed that physiologists began to look at exercise in the molecular level. Today exercise physiology is still increasing in research and is expected to continually increase every year gaining knowledge on how exercise affects the body
In this lab, we explored the theory of maximal oxygen consumption. “Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is defined as the highest rate at which oxygen can be taken up and utilized by the body during severe exercise” (Bassett and Howley, 2000). VO2max is measured in millimeters of O2 consumed per kilogram of body weight per min (ml/kg/min). It is commonly known as a good way to determine a subject’s cardio-respiratory endurance and aerobic fitness level. Two people whom are given the same aerobic task (can both be considered “fit”) however, the more fit individual can consume more oxygen to produce enough energy to sustain higher, intense work loads during exercise. The purpose of this lab experiment was performed to determine the VO2max results of a trained vs. an untrained participant to see who was more fit.
“The purpose of this experiment is to compare the effects of a regime of maximal strength training in combination with a usual endurance training programme with an endurance only training programme on the physiological and muscular parameters during a 2-hr constant cycling test in well-trained triathletes.” Their hypothesis was that in a 5 week period of training, the changes in the cycling cadence would be lesser in the endurance and strength training group versus the endurance only training group.
I described and applied physiological and biomechanical concepts related to physical activity and skill in EXS 397 lab. A student in the lab was tested on their VO2 max using The Bruce Treadmill protocol. With the data I recorded from the test, I was able to apply physiological and biomechanical concepts to explain the subject’s energy sources during the run.
Questions about human body are always fascinating me and I am constantly reading more from the subject. I am keen in wanting to develop my knowledge in physiology and nutrition and I believe that studying sports science would give me a good start towards my future career in sports therapy. My future goal is to be part of the future where health care is about prevention, not only healing.
Due to the strong and growing evidence in scientific literature on the beneficial effects of physical activity on health and well-being, the importance of Clinical Exercise Science has increased. Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure. Exercise, is a subcategory of physical activity that is planned, structured, repetitive, and purposeful in the sense that the improvement or maintenance of one or more components of physical fitness is the objective (http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/pa/en/; last accessed on 30 April 2016). Generally speaking, Clinical Exercise Science is an applied clinical branch which deals with the application of various exercise modalities for
When you exercise your muscles use up your energy and will trigger a series of reactions to create more energy to keep you going, and maintain your its’ homeostasis. The first body system exercise will effect is the respiratory. While you exercise your breathing rate will increase bringing in oxygen for energy creation. To provide your body with oxygen, the respiratory system increases its speed to put it into your blood stream. The more intense your exercise is the more energy is used and needed. This results in your breathing rate to increase even more to maintain a sufficient supply of energy levels.
Physical therapy and kinesiology work in a close relationship to each other. Essentially one may think they are one in the same, however there are small differences between the two that provide different results when applied singularly. As a combined effort physical therapy and kinesiology work to heal the muscles and joints of the body, recreating movements perfectly as they were before injury or in some cases as closely as one can get to a perfect function. First one must understand where the lone is drawn between the two fields and how they balance each other to create desirable results in a patient.
Exercise science possess many traits that attracted my attention whether it dealt with the different job opportunities or the ability to help an individual. There are two areas of exercise science that one can choose as a possible career path or as a major minoring in something else related to this type of work. One of the areas of study includes exercise physiology which can be defined by “the study of how the body’s structures and functions are changed as a result of acute and chronic bouts of exercise”. Not only does exercise physiology promote a healthy lifestyle, but it is closely connected to human performance, fitness, development/aging, and prevention/rehabilitation from disease or injury. Pursuing a degree in exercise physiology allows an individual in this profession to choose between several careers including physical education, exercise science and athletic training (Fisher, 2). In addition, becoming a chiropractor can be achieved through exercise science.
Spriet, Lawrence L., and Terry E. Graham."Caffeine and Exercise Performance." American College of Sports Medicine. Web. 13 Oct. 2013.
‘Exercise is a form of physical activity that is planned, structured, repetitive, and performed with the goal of improving health or fitness.’
In order to fully understand the impact and effect of overtraining, defining and establishing the difference of what overtraining is from other conditions, such as overreaching, is necessary. Overtraining is defined as the accumulation of both training and non-training stresses producing a long-term effect on the athlete’s performance capacity, with or without physical and psychological overtraining signs and symptoms in which recovery of the performance capacity will take weeks to months (Halson, 2004 p. 969). Overreaching, however, is defined by the accumulation of training and non-training stresses with a short-term effect on the a...
Physical exercise is a kind of physical activities that is done with the attribute of structure and repetitive and purpose which means someone wants to change the physical characteristics through it (Caspersen, Powell and Christenson, 1985). Everyone has different purpose and different exercise brings different effect on specific individual (Dishman, Sallis and Orenstein, 1985).
Information When you think of a person who is physically fit you probably think of a sprinter, gymnast, weightlifter, football player, or basketball player. There is so much to physical fitness besides being one of those people. For decades, physiologist and fitness organizations have tried to come up with an answer and here it is. “Physical fitness- a measure of the body’s ability to function efficiently and effectively in work and leisure activities, resist hypokinetic disease (diseases from sedentary lifestyles), and to meet emergency situations .” Sometimes they add to the definition stating it is the ability to transmit genes to the next generation. Now, this is the short answer for what physical fitness it is much longer is and detailed
During my undergraduate studies, I spent time exploring the field of exercise science. I endured laborious coursework that molded my character into a strong-willed, disciplined student. As I deepened my knowledge of the human body, my passion for working in health care evolved to new heights. I also grew a fondness for learning new material and concepts. By the end of my undergraduate experience, I knew how to maximize my personal success.
There are multiple possibilities for future research. In particular, testing to discover what relationship the length of time spent exercising holds with the respiratory rate of a subject. Another possibility could include testing to see if the intensity holds an impact on heart rate. Alternatively, an experiment to test at what length of time the heart reaches target heart rate could be conducted or even further or to test what different types of exercise produce what sorts of heart rate. Most importantly, simply repeating the experiment with many more trials would provide much more information and data, which could possibly lead to more accurate results and conclusions.