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Cultural anthropology quizlet
Cultural anthropology quizlet
Cultural anthropology quizlet
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Cultural anthropology is defined as a branch of anthropology deals with human culture, especially in respect to social structure, language, law, politics, religion, magic, art, and technology (“Defining Anthropology”). In this essay, I will talk of the lives of two very prominent anthropologists. The first is Lewis Henry Morgan who was active in the late 1800s and second, the controversial anthropologist Napoleon Chagnon who started his work in the 1960s. Even with the large gap in time, quite a few of their ideologies and theories do overlap. In this paper, I will explore the connection between Lewis Morgan and Napoleon Chagnon. I will start with Morgan’s background, then his theories, fieldwork, methodology, and legacy. For Chagnon, I will talk of his background, then his theories, fieldwork, methodology, and controversies. Lewis Henry Morgan was born on November 21st, 1818 in upstate New York. He was raised there until he went to Cayuga Academy, then to Union College to study both Law and the Classics. After he began to practice law in Rochester, where he developed an interest in Native American culture. While studying history and culture of Native Americans, he got involved with the local community called the Seneca tribe. Morgan then studied the culture and structure of the Senenca tribe, and that is when he first developed interest in kinship terms. He got married to Mary Steele, and they gave birth to a son, Lemuel. In 1852 Morgan and other upstanding men founded the University of Rochester (“Lewis Henry Morgan”). Morgan’s become interested in the theory of cultural evolution as he furthered his fieldwork. This theory is the idea that cultures start from a simple form, and grows to a more complex form. Morgan in particul... ... middle of paper ... .... "How Napoleon Chagnon Became Our Most Controversial Anthropologist." The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 13 Feb. 2013. Web. Golden, Serena. "Interview with Controversial Anthropologist Napoleon Chagnon."Inside Higher Ed. N.p., 18 Feb. 2013. Web. 11 Dec. 2013. "Leslie A. White." Leslie A. White. NNDB, n.d. Web. 09 Dec. 2013. "Lewis Henry Morgan (American Anthropologist)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 09 Dec. 2013. "Lewis Henry Morgan Papers." Morgan, Lewis Henry. University of Rochester, n.d. Web. 09 Dec. 2013. Morgan, Lewis. "Ancient Society." Ancient Society by Lewis H. Morgan 1877. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Dec. 2013. "Napoleon Chagnon." Who Is Log. University of Michigan, n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2013. Wilson, David. "Napoleon Chagnon: The Fierce Sociobiologist." This View Of Life. Binghampton University, 27 Oct. 2013. Web.
Jared Diamond, author of the Pulitzer Prize Winning, National Best Selling book Guns, Germs and Steel, summarizes his book by saying the following: "History followed different courses for different peoples because of differences among peoples' environments, not because of biological differences among peoples themselves." Guns, Germs and Steel is historical literature that documents Jared Diamond's views on how the world as we know it developed. However, is his thesis that environmental factors contribute so greatly to the development of society and culture valid? Traditions & Encounters: A Brief Global History is the textbook used for this class and it poses several different accounts of how society and culture developed that differ from Diamond's claims. However, neither Diamond nor Traditions are incorrect. Each poses varying, yet true, accounts of the same historical events. Each text chose to analyze history in a different manner. Not without flaws, Jared Diamond makes many claims throughout his work, and provides numerous examples and evidence to support his theories. In this essay, I will summarize Jared Diamond's accounts of world history and evolution of culture, and compare and contrast it with what I have learned using the textbook for this class.
...ission. The Yanomamo seemed to be quite hesitant in accepting Chagnon, and even now he recounts events where they try to take advantage of him and the things that he brings. This is part of their culture, but what is the global importance of his research? I’m sure there is an answer because his study is widely accepted and taught, hence this paper, but I have not been able to understand the purpose of such projects other than fascination.
Stearns, Harold E. Civilization in the United States. New York: Harcourt, Brace, and Company, 1922.
De France, Marie. "Eliduc". Trans. John Fowles. The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Expanded Edition. Ed. Maynard Mack. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. 1995. 1680-1692. All quotations are from this text.
I look up to Professor Chagnon I admired his dedication to studying the culture of the Yanomamo, when he invited me to join him on one of his trips to film his research, I was over joyed and nervous. Professor Chagnon warned me of the possible dangers that could happen while we were with the Yanomamo, since our main focus on this trip is to get a better understanding of why raids and violence accurse, and what it tells us about the Yanomano and their culture.
Scarre, Christopher. The Human Past: World Prehistory & the Development of Human Societies. New York: Thames & Hudson, 2013.
Robbins Burling, David F. Armstrong, Ben G. Blount, Catherine A. Callaghan, Mary Lecron Foster, Barbara J. King, Sue Taylor Parker, Osamu Sakura, William C. Stokoe, Ron Wallace, Joel Wallman, A. Whiten, Sherman Wilcox and Thomas Wynn. Current Anthropology, Vol. 34, No. 1 (Feb., 1993), pp. 25-53
Evolution can be seen throughout all aspects of life, but for each aspect evolution does not occur in the same process. In his article entitled “Natural Selection, Scale, and Cultural Evolution,” Dunnell emphasizes and explains why evolution has made such a small impact on archaeology. Cultural evolution and biological evolution are not the same. Biological evolution uses theoretical propositions that explain the mechanisms of biological adaptation and evolution. The laws of cultural evolution “are not theoretical propositions but rather empirical generalizations” (Dunnell, 1996: 25). Cultural evolution does not explain the differences among the occurrences cultural phenomena. Dunnell’s main goal is to effectively formulate ways to integrate evolutionary characteristics and anthropological theory (Dunnell, 1996).
4. Dennett, Daniel C. (1999) "The Evolution of Culture." The Charles Simonyi Lecture, Oxford. http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/dennett/dennett_p2.html
The lecture provided by Professor Elias Kary on the nineteenth of November merely was a recapitulation and overview of the previous lecture, plus a summarization of the past few weeks of class lecture/material. There was an overview of Applied Anthropology and how “anthropologists have a practical place in solving problems.” (Kary 2015) There was an overview of colonialism; the Maori and Moriori of New Zealand; and the history of anthropology itself. There was a foray into the work of Charles Mann and revisionist history, particularly from the point of view of his book 1491. World systems were discussed at some length and a short overview of the film from previous class session. Then the professor went into the structure and what the class needed to provide for the final paper the next week; class then concluded early on account of the large paper due.
Ziolkowski, Eric. "Ancient Newcomer to Modern Culture." World Literature Today 81.5 (2007): 55-57. Web. 19 Feb. 2014. .
The book is about the fieldwork that Dr. Chagnon worked on when he went to the Yanomamo. He went through many difficult and harsh times. From the start things weren’t great; he almost decided to go back. The first touch with the Yanomamo was very harsh. They were very intimidating and close minded.
Ember, Carol R., Melvin Ember, and Peter N. Peregrine. Anthropology. Thirteenth ed. Boston, MA: Prentice Hall, 2011. Print.
Hutcheon, P.D. Leaving the Cave: Evolutionary Naturalism in Social Scientific Thought. Ithaca: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1996.
Culture may be defined as the sum totaltotal of non-biological activities of a people. For anthropologists like Marvin Harris (1974). Culture is directly related to concrete material conditions of existence. It is a set of altitudinal and behavioral tools as well as a map of adapting to one’s environment. Culture is thus essentially adaptive. Following the concept of cultural relativism espoused by Margaret Mead (1968) it is the view of this article that culture must be seen asbe specific and valid in particular circumstances with value judgement as to its relative significance to other groups, even within the same nation-state or society. The point that is therefore being made is that there are some particularities of culture that characterize