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National development in Nigeria
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The Help of Shell in the Niger Delta Region
TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
Shell is a group of oil and petrol companies. The parent company is Royal Dutch Shell, based in Britain, is a multinational corporation (MNC). The group of companies is active in countries all over the world, including Nigeria. The Federal Republic of Nigeria is extremely rich in oil resources. Rightly so, their business-connection goes back over fifty years. Likewise, a Shell company, the Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC), is the largest oil and gas operator in Nigeria.
Nigeria is a developing country; therefore Shell has been active in giving to the community. Over the past decades, they have tried different strategies. The company has not always been quite successful in helping the Nigerian people. Even so, Shell has continued with their social projects, their last named the Sustainable Community Development (SCD). This paper will discuss the SCD aid programme, which has come into force in 2004. It will deal with the question “to what extent has Shell been able to help the community in the Niger Delta Region from 2004 until 2012?” The following chapters will try to address this question.
First of all, a brief history of Nigeria will be given. This chapter will include a brief description of the situation in the Niger Delta, as the SPDC is mostly active in this region. The endeavours of the Nigerian government to face the poverty in the Niger Delta Region (NDR) will be named. So, what are the main efforts of the Nigerian government to help the community in the Niger Delta?
Secondly, the earlier help projects of Shell are shortly touched upon. In order to examine the SCD, its forerunners should be stated. Hence, what...
... middle of paper ...
...DR. There is no perspective in changing this.
Together they could be more effective.
***not finished***
CONCLUSION
SUMMARY FINDINGS
ANSWER RESEARCH QUESTION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Amadi, Bede Obinna, and Haslinda Abdullah. “Poverty Alleviation through Corporate Social Responsibility in Niger Delta, Nigeria.” Asian Social Science 8 (2012): 60-. Accessed May 25, 2014. doi: 10.5539/ass.v8n4p57.
Banerjee, S.B. (2008). Corporate Social Responsibility: the Good, the Bad and the Ugly. Critical Sociology, 34(1), 51-79. http://crs.sagepub.com.proxy-ub.rug.nl/content/34/1/51.full.pdf+html.
Shell. “Nigeria: potential, growth and challenges.” Accessed April 26, 2014. http://www.shell.com/global/environment-society/society/nigeria.html.
Shell. “Shell at a Glance.” Accessed May 24, 2014. http://www.shell.com/global/aboutshell/at-a-glance.html.
...Foundational Considerations in the Corporate Social Responsibility Debate’, Business Horizons, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 9-18.
The World Bank’s involvement in the Chad-Cameroon Oil Pipeline project was originally intended to make sure that Chad’s oil money was being returned to the civilians and ensure that the pipeline was being constructed in an ecologically friendly way (Horta, Nguiffo, & Djiraibe, n.d.). In 2000, the World Bank stated that the project’s success "will be measured by poverty reduction rather than by barrels of oil produced or millions of dollars received by Chad for oil exports,” (Horta, Nguiffo, & Djiraibe, n.d.). Contrarily to what the public was assured, the civilians have not been helped by the pipeline but have in fact been hurt. The already astonishingly low life expectancy of individuals in Chad has dropped an average of 1.1 years within the
Niger, home of the free flowing Niger River, is a Sub-Saharan, western African nation. Sadly, it is an extremely poor country because part of the country is desert and less than 3% open for crop use. The present economic situation is bleak at best. Yet, the vibrant tradition and history of this country lives today in its tribes and its people even through all of its adversities. From severe droughts to military coups to a dysfunctional government to the culture has stayed strong.
As the world frustrated and fumbled at BP over their oil spill on April 20, 2010, the largest marine oil spill in history. Does anyone know the people of Nigeria Delta had lived with oil spillage conditions for the last 50 years? With her op-ed piece “The Oil Spill We Don’t Hear About”, published in The New York Times on June 4, 2010, Anene Ejikeme emphasizes on the oil spills in Niger Delta which is far more alarming and threatening than the BP Gulf Spillage. With her article, Ejikeme’s want to address these problems which appear to be ignored by the international media. In her article she stated, “Media around the world are covering the Gulf oil spill in a way that not even the Nigerian media covers oil spills in Nigeria.” Ejikeme adopts an informative, yet sympathetic tone to deliver and provoke the interest of the phenomenon for her readers. Ms. Ejikeme received her PhD from Columbia University in 2003 and is currently an assistant professor at Trinity University in San Antonio, Texas. She is considered as a specialist on modern African history; she’s been writing a variety of books and teaching a wide range of courses on the matter. Prior to coming to Trinity, Ejikeme taught at Barnard College in New York, where she was the Director of the Pan-African Studies Program from 2001 to 2003. This op-ed piece continues her interest on the problems that affects African society.
The earliest impressions that the book makes on the mind of the reader is that “Corporate Social Responsibility” is not just about some kind of vague theories but supports all that it preaches with practical applications. Labelling the book as “a Bible for today’s corporate citizen”- as the publisher does on the flap of the book- may be stretching it a bit too far, but “Corporate Social Responsibility”, does provide thoughtful answers to a number of vital questions on how a corporation could do most good for itself and its
of Nigeria. While Nigeria was still under British rule, in 1958, Shell started oil production,
Corporate Social Responsibility, often abbreviated as “CSR”, as defined by Investopedia is a corporation’s initiatives to access and take responsibility for the company’s effects on environmental and social wellbeing. Helg (2007) defined Corporate Social Responsibility as the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society at large”. Nigeria as a country is not left out on the need to implement CSR as it is a global best practice. However, it has not gained popularity in privately held businesses (PHBs) as much as it has with big corporations in this
An organization’s Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) drives them to look out for the different interests of society. Most business corporations undertake responsibility for the impact of their organizational pursuits and various activities on their customers, employees, shareholders, communities and the environment. With the high volume of general competition between different companies and organizations in varied fields, CSR has become a morally imperative commitment, more than one enforced by the law. Most organizations in the modern world willingly try to improve the general well-being of not only their employees, but also their families and the society as a whole.
Despite the numerous wealth generated on a daily basis from oil exportation over the years and the vast amount of untapped resources laying in commercial quantity, the country does not have a single or recognize means of directly addressing the welfare of its citizenry. Only the present democratic administration has promised to execute out a compulsory cash transfer of N5,000 to the poorest 25 million Nigeria (based on some conditions), pay graduating corp members some stipends for a year and design a one-meal a day for public primary school
Covey & Brown (2001) “the role of business in society has progressed over the years, from being primarily concerned with profit for sharehold¬ers to a stakeholder and community approach with a focus on corporate social responsibility”
Bowie, (1991) New directions in corporate social responsibility - moral pluralism and reciprocity, Business Horizons, 34, 4 pp.56-65
In rural Nigeria, up to 80% of the population (as compared to 70% of Nigeria as a whole3) live below the poverty line, despite their fast-growing agricultural economy4. According to Nigerian author Anthony Maduagwu, it is in places such as these where we can find the solution to Nigeria's economic predicament. In his article “Alleviating poverty in Nigeria”, he says, “only the poor understands poverty and it is also the poor that know how their poverty could be alleviated... the fact is that the poor usually have quite good perceptions of their own needs and goals and of what would be required to satisfy and make progress toward them”5. He made the case that while government-funded “poverty alleviating programmes” help poverty rates in one place, the create poverty in another6. This is supported b...
Corruption can be defined as the use of entrusted power to accumulate public wealthy for personal benefit. Corruption is not peculiar to any country, continent or state; it is sure a global issue which is an endemic to all government all over the world. However, corruption is prevalent in the Niger delta region of Nigeria; public officers in this oil producing state of Nigeria are corrupt. Consequently, it has defied the Niger delta from developing politically and economically which has left the states reputation in a mess. Radicalization of youths, abject poverty and -political instability are the three leading effects of corruption in the Niger delta region of Nigeria.
Corporate Social Responsibility is an organisation’s obligation to serve the company’s own interest and the one’s of the society. Moreover, Corporate Social Responsibility has a definition of a concept where the companies integrate social and the environmental concerns into their own business operation and also on a basis of voluntary with their interactions they have with the stakeholders. Corporate Social Resp...
Since economic development and growth cannot be discussed in isolation of a referenced community, society or nation, efforts will be made in this lecture to relate essentially to the economic development parameters in the Nigerian