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aircrafts and physics
aircrafts and physics
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The world today requires multiple ways of transport, especially over the Atlantic Ocean. During and before the 1900’s, transatlantic travels were very common and are mainly carried out via boats. However, due to the revolutionary change by the Wright brothers, in 1903, the creation of the propeller planes made shorter travel time between one country to another possible. As technology develops, the transportation of cargo and passengers via airplanes became easier and more efficient with the replacement of jet engines in July 16, 1949, by the famous inventor Frank Whittle (FindtheData, n.d.). The principles behind how a jet-engine powered aircraft works associate with many laws of physics, from Newton’s Law of Inertia to the Third Law of Motion. These laws are also applicable to the aerofoil and the engines aerodynamically, in particular with the four forces: lift, drag, weight and thrust which allows an aircraft to maneuver across the skies.
Firstly, back in 1687, Sir Isaac Newton discovered three different laws of motion. (Pople, S. 2010) If there is no external force action upon an object, it will, if stationary, remain stationary, however, if moving, it will remain in this state at a steady speed within a straight line. This is also known as the law of inertia. This law applies during a flight when the thrust and drag are equal, the aircraft will hold a steady speed tracking in a straight line. If the thrust increases, the drag and the airspeed will increase as well. Once they are equal again, the aircraft will not accelerate anymore, but holds a higher and steady airspeed. (NASA, n.d.) Another law would be the link between the resultant force acting, the mass and the acceleration produced, where it is described as F=ma (Result...
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...ieved December 3, 2013, from http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/history/newton3laws.html
The Naked Scientists. (n.d.). How a Jet Engine Works. Retrieved December 14, 2013, from http://www.thenakedscientists.com/HTML/content/interviews/interview/1759/
World's busiest airports by passenger traffic. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved December 15, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World's_busiest_airports_by_passenger_traffic#2012_statistics/ how much would a jet engine cost?. (n.d.). Yahoo! Answers. Retrieved December 14, 2013, from http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080922115617AAe2XCD
When did the famous inventor Frank Whittle invent Jet Engine?. (n.d.). When did the famous inventor Frank Whittle invent Jet Engine?. Retrieved December 15, 2013, from http://inventors.findthedata.org/q/45/2770/When-did-the-famous-inventor-Frank-Whittle-invent-Jet-Engine
In today’s world, the use of airplanes in wars or in everyday life has become a part of how we live as human beings. Removing the air forces of the world is like taking a step back in time when wars were only fought on land or sea. WWI began only eleven short years after the Wright brothers achieved powered flight in 19031 and yet aircrafts were being used for surveillance and eventually combat purposes. It is understood that these aircrafts were primitive, but they laid down the foundation for what we know today as fighter jets. The Fokker Eindecker “revolutionized air combat by successfully employing a synchronized forward -firing machine gun mounted on the engine cowling”2. Because this airplane became the first to successfully use a synchronized machine gun, it allowed its pilots to become the first aerial combat tactitions3.
Many people are amazed with the flight of an object, especially one the size of an airplane, but they do not realize how much physics plays a role in this amazing incident. There are many different ways in which physics aids the flight of an aircraft. In the following few paragraphs some of the many ways will be described so that you, the reader, will realize physics at work in the world of flight.
"College Costs - Average College Tuition Cost." College Admissions - SAT - University & College Search Tool. The College Board. Web. 23 Mar. 2011.
Following World War II and the jet engine technology that emerged largely toward its end, aerospace engineers knew well that the technology had great potential for use in the commercial aviation industry. The Comet was the first aircraft to utilize jet propulsion; however, its designers failed to consider the metallurgy of the aircraft’s materials under flight conditions or the consequences of their atypical window design. The aircraft was designed by Britain’s De Havilland Aircraft Company and entered service in May 1952. After a year of service, however, the design issues mentioned above resulted in the failure of several Comet aircraft. Extensive evaluations revealed that repeated pressurization stress on the aircraft’s main cabin had caused its structure to fail.
Born on January 4, 1643, Isaac Newton is a renowned physicist and mathematician. As a child, he started off without his father, and when he was three years old, his mother remarried and left to live with her second husband. Newton was left in the hands of his grandmother. After getting a basic education at the local schools, he was sent to Grantham, England to attend the King’s School. He lived with a pharmacist named Clark. During his time at Clark’s home, he was interested in his chemical library and laboratory. He would amuse Clark’s daughter by creating mechanical devices such as sundials, floating lanterns, and a windmill run by a live mouse. Isaac Newton’s interest in science at an early age foreshadows how Isaac would be led into the
Heppenheimer, T. (2001). A Brief History Of Flight: From Balloons to Mach 3 and Beyond. Canada: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Flight is one of the most important achievements of mankind. We owe this achievement to the invention of the airfoil and understanding the physics that allow it to lift enormous weights into the sky.
(Morgan 67). When the jet engine was thought of back in the 1920's the world
Driving has been around for just over 100 years, but the first thoughts of physics has been around since 400 BC (to be edited ). Driving safety implications have been discussed and improved over the decades as technology begins to leap ahead of its time. According to physician; Newton, there are three laws of motion that is now used in everyday life to try and help prevent deaths due to driving implications. The first law is “An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon on by an unbalanced force.” The object, or Car is in motion continues its motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. The second law is “Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass.” While the third Law of Motion is : “ For every action there is an equal and opposite re-action.This means that for every force there is a reaction force that is equal in size, but opposite in direction.”
The trials and tribulations of flight have had their ups and downs over the course of history. From the many who failed to the few that conquered; the thought of flight has always astonished us all. The Wright brothers were the first to sustain flight and therefore are credited with the invention of the airplane. John Allen who wrote Aerodynamics: The Science of Air in Motion says, “The Wright Brothers were the supreme example of their time of men gifted with practical skill, theoretical knowledge and insight” (6). As we all know, the airplane has had thousands of designs since then, but for the most part the physics of flight has remained the same. As you can see, the failures that occurred while trying to fly only prove that flight is truly remarkable.
Isaac Newton discovered gravity when an apple had fallen on his head. He then began to think about how the apple had fallen onto his head and thus Newton’s three laws of motion were created. Newton’s first law of motion is an object in motion tends to stay in motion; an object at rest tends to stay at rest, unless another force is acted upon it. Newton’s second law of motion is about the formula for force, which is force= mass*acceleration. Newton’s third law of motion is for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Furthermore, Isaac Newton created the three laws of motion.
General Electric was one of the first companies to build a turbocharged jet engine. GE hired Alexander Moss in 1918 to build an engine with a booster, or turbocharger on a piston engine. This made airplanes fly higher and faster (General Electric). The first flight of the 350 horsepower, turbocharged liberty aircraft engine took place at Pikes Peak at about 14,000 feet throughout the year of 1918 (General Electric). Then, GE built an engine in 1941 based on Sir Frank Whittle’s designs and called it the I-A engine. This powered the Bell XP-59A airacomet aircraft (General Electric). The I-A engine had a centrifugal-flow compressor and so did other engines built by GE over the next two years. After the I-...
The acceleration of a body or object is directly proportional to the net force acting on the body or object and is inversely proportional to its mass. (F=ma)(Newman)
Isaac Newton was an English physicist and mathematician and is now considered a widely recognised scientist because of the work that he did by contribution to scientific knowledge. He is known for creation 3 laws of motion that have stood correct for three centuries.
On January 4, 1643 in Woolsthorpe, England, one of the world’s greatest mathematician and physicist was born. At the age of 12 he began to attend King’s School, up until his mother pulled him out to become a farmer. Due to his lack of being successful in farming, he was sent back to school to finish his basic education. Later Newton entered into the University of Cambridge, and during his time there Newton became interested in the sciences and began to write a set of notes called, “"Quaestiones Quaedam Philosophicae", also called, “Certain Philosophical Questions" which in time would provide to be “the backbone of the Scientific Revolution,” (Bio.com). Newton ended up graduating from Cambridge with the title of a scholar. Due to a breakout