Abstract The internet has emerged as a major, perhaps eventually the most important worldwide distribution channel for goods, services, managerial and professional jobs. This has profoundly changed the economics, markets and industry structure, products and services and their flow. The consumer segmentation, values and behavior has been shifting constantly due to new technological advances in electronic commerce and mobile commerce. E-commerce has given consumers cheaper products and services, instant delivery, no sales tax and information availability. The changes in the Internet and World Wide Web technologies and services lead to new developments in the way E-government efforts provide services to citizens and businesses, and in the way government handles their internal operations. Evolution of E Business One of the biggest benefits of the Internet is its ability to allow organizations to perform business with anyone, anywhere, anytime. Internet actually grew out of a project known as ARPANET, funded by the US Department of Defense. The primary objective of this project was to study how researchers could share data in the case of nuclear attack. The project was later transferred to the National Science Foundation (NSF) and became known as the “Internet”. In the beginning it was used by university scholars and researchers, then fueled by technological advancement of computer and communication it became World Wide Web (WWW). In the early days of WWW it was primarily used by both public and private organization to access information about the businesses products, services, and news. Due to massive increase in traffic on WWW, organization of all types and sizes worldwide began establishing their presence by having their own Web... ... middle of paper ... ...e. In order to achieve successful results M-government will have to rely heavily on existing M-commerce technology. Today’s M-commerce technology has tools such as Internet, mail, stock updates, video clips messaging and so on. The policy makers and IT professionals need to get ready to embrace these developments and participate in the ways to enhance E-government activities through M-government. References Paige Baltzan & Amy Phillips (2008). Business driven Information Systems. IGI Website; On Line: http://www.igi-global.com/reference/details.asp?ID=5068&v=preface Europe media Website; On line: www.europemeida.net mGovlab Website; On Line: www.mgovbal.com Whitehouse Website; On Line: http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/egov/g-1-background.html Mobile Computing Website; On Line: http://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid40_gci214590,00.html
Bélanger, F. (2009). The Impact of the Digital Divide On E-Government Use. Communications Of The ACM, 52(4), 132-135.
Electronic commerce, commonly known as E-commerce or E-business, is trading in products or services conducted via computer networks such as the Internet. Electronic commerce includes the technologies such as M.Commerce, electronic funds transfer (EFT), supply chain management (SCM), Internet marketing(IM), online transaction processing(OTP), electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems. Modern electronic commerce mostly uses the World Wide Web at least at one point in the transaction's life-cycle. Also it may encompass a wider range of technologies such as e-mail, mobile devices, social media, and telephones/mobiles as well. Electronic commerce is generally considered to be the sales aspect of e-commerce. It also consist the processes of the exchange of data to facilitate the financing and payment aspects of business transactions. This is an effective and efficient way of communicating inside an organization and also one of the most effective, useful ways of conducting ecommerce processes in order. It is a Market entry strategy where an organisation may or may not have a physical presence. The areas of the Security and privacy, Reliability of the seller and buyer, Consumer Protection, logistics involving shipments and E-loyalty are some of the major problems of E business industry. Comprehensive background of these issues and countermeasures discussed here come from experiences derived from the studies made upon researches regarding the challenges of the E business industry.
Over the past few years, the Internet “is fundamentally changing the way companies operate,” to create additional revenue streams and refine the way they do business with existing customers (Ecommerce). E-commerce is crucial to the future success of companies, and those that do not embrace the Internet to conduct its business “will be destroyed by competitors who are leveraging the power of the Internet” (Ecommerce).
Technological development is impacting the business landscape by providing new ways and opportunities to conduct business. In the last decade e-commerce has especially created new possibilities to change ways of doing businesses or create new business models. In such a changing environment the role of the leader is becoming vital (Ada 2006).There is no doubt in importance of e-commerce in this new era .It became the necessity of organizations and even competitive advantage. In near future it will be difficult to survive without adoption of e-commerce.
Nature of doing business, over a period of time has changed with the development in the information technology. It was believed that the reduced cost of transactions done electronically will lead to decrease or disappearance of the traditional intermediaries which will reflect a change in the electronic value chain. The effect of electronic business will restructure the traditional market – Disintermediation where the traditional intermediaries will lose its existence; Re-Intermediation where they will be forced to set apart and will re-develop in the electronic business; and Cybermediation where entirely new markets will be formed for the intermediaries.
Electronic commerce, or e-commerce has developed exponentially in the last few years and has left some in the cold. The majority of people think e-commerce is just about buying and selling things over the Internet like through auctioning sites such as E-Bay and U-Bid. However, E-commerce is a broad term describing the electronic exchange of business data between two or more organizations' computers. Some examples might be the electronic job applications, on-line services like America online, and on-line billing that automatically pays specified bills each month so you don’t have to mail a check. E-commerce also includes buying and selling any item over the Internet, electronic banking so you can transfer funds between accounts or stocks, smart cards, and all other methods of conducting business over digital networks. “The primary technological goal of e-commerce is to integrate businesses, government agencies, and contractors into a single community with the ability to communicate with one another across any computer platform.”(Edwards, 1998)
Public procurement in organizations previously was treated as a low level operational function that only achieved minor contributions to cooperate performance (Ammer, 1974). However in recent times competitiveness and importance of public procurement to organization’s success has led to the shift of procurement being operational to tactical (Gonza´les-Benito, 2007; Narasimhan and Das, 2001; Kraljic, 1983). The drive to improve the effectiveness of public procurement from the traditional procurement approach lead to the introduction of E-procurement, which has been adopted by some countries worldwide whiles other countries are in the process of
E-commerce was not so much known about in the last few years. However, growth in technology has revolutionized it in modern times. The advent of World Wide Web (WWW) from the early 1990s has been one of the major forces behind the advancements in e-commerce. Governments and private sector are investing in e-commerce as one of the ways of surviving competition and increasing economic growth. E-commerce is currently facilitating transactions between businesses and consumers (B2C). On the other hand, it has also become vital in business to business trading (B2B).
...onment. The use of such technologies can provide certain aspects of different use, for instance improved service delivery, concrete interactions with business and industry, citizen’s empowerment through the provision of accessible information, or transparent government operations. The proactive benefits of this approach can include the minimisation of corruption, revenue growth, cost reduction, improved transparency, and more convenient use of resources. E-Governance is also about the provision of public access through the use of internet to access information concerning all types of services rendered by the central government department along with heir agencies. This enables the citizens to execute certain transactions for those services being rendered, for instance by paying tax, obtaining a passport and claiming and receiving benefits (Ford and Zussman 1997:38).
INTRODUCTION We always feel that we are behind the times, whenever we try to stay apace with technology. With the beginning of the new millennium, computers became the international language. Computer today is not only the language of people but also for business. Internet is the tool used by business in term of electronic commerce. In the discussion I will try to state how e-commerce influences business in the new world with the vast growing of the Internet technology. First, I will define what is e-commerce. Then, I am going to highlight some comparison between the traditional and electronic commerce. The benefits and disadvantage of e-commerce will be the following step. At the end of discussion and briefly I will mention e-commence technologies. Then comes the summary where we can find what was covered in the discussion. At last I will try to write the conclusion of this assignment. DISCUSSION Electronic commerce seems to be everywhere in our life today. It is hardly that you open a newspaper or magazine without coming across a subject or an article about e-commerce, but how can we define e-commerce? What is E-Commerce? E-commerce is any commercial transaction done electronically using the computer, through the Internet technologies, such as the World Wide Web. In another words, it is the buying or/and selling of goods or services on the web. Moreover, electronic commerce had included the handling of purchase transactions and funds transfers over computer networks. (Understanding E-Commerce, David, 1997, P.2) Meanwhile electronic commerce is getting stronger than ever. The Internet has given e-commerce a boost. E-commerce is the wave of the future allowing businesses of all sizes to sell their goods online. It is growing along with the Internet too rapidly. E-Commerce brakes all the time and geographical boundaries providing a direct deal with end costumer. This definitely expands the business opportunity to satisfy costumers’ demands for product, service, and information. Electronic commerce doesn’t only include the transaction of traditional commerce, but also generating demand for its goods and services. The definition of electronic commerce is kind of dynamic. As you go deeper into knowing it, you will have better definition and with the time even a new different definition. Traditional Vs. Electronic Commerce Transactions In the traditional business, manufacturers use dealers, distributors, and retailers to represent them. For many years, manufacturers’ representatives believe that the physical presence at the point of sales plays very important roles.
Electronic commerce (e-commerce) over the Internet is the fastest growing method for consumers to conduct business. Less than ten years old and it already has radically altered the potential to economic activities and the social environment. There are nearly 200 million Internet users worldwide currently. Of these 200 million users, roughly 40 percent reside in the United States (Styliano, A., Robbins, S. & Jackson, P., 2003). E-commerce currently affects large sectors such as communications, banking and the retail industry. E-commerce has also had an effect on the education, health and government (Wyckoff, A., & Colecchia A., 1999). It is predicted that commerce on the Internet could total tens of billions of dollars by the turn of the century. E-commerce's most significant impact will be on sectors that transmit information (postal service, communications, radio and TV) and those that produce it (finance, entertainment, travel agents or stockbrokers) (Jones, B., n.d.). One of the most surprising but indirect impact e-commerce have had is associated with the way society has incorporated it into their everyday lives and its ability to drastically change the way businesses now interact with their employees, consumers, and business partners. Entrepreneurs are now able to start new businesses more easily, with smaller up front investment requirements, by accessing the Internet's worldwide network of customers (Jones, B., n.d.). China, with the third largest user population, is expected to gain market share-particularly in light of the prediction that it will surpass Japan and become the largest Asian Internet market during the coming year (Styliano, A., Robbins, S. & Jackson, P., 2003). E-commerce gives small businesses the competitive edge against large multinational organizations in the global market. Now that electronic commerce has become an integral part of everyday business, we now must take a look at how the emergence of e-commerce has affected the global marketplace and how has e-commerce changed the standard and quality of living. It would also be important to discuss some of the drawbacks or adverse effects that e-commerce has had on society.
The growth of the Internet in the past 10 years has been phenomenal. Companies large and small have embraced the Internet as a tool that can potentially expand their business beyond the traditional boundaries, which can give them a competitive advantage in the market place. The Internet and E-business websites seemed to many companies in the mid nineties as an elaborate, expensive and unnecessary company brochure. But the rapid evolution of e-business and Internet usage has seen their opinion dramatically change. In fact, companies now realise that they must participate in the e-business revolution to succeed in the modern and complex business environment. In 1996, Forrester Research Institute, a major E-commerce industry analyst, predicted that Business to Customer sales would be a $6.6 billion business in 2000, up from $518 million in 1996. In 2000 Business to Customer sales in the United States were actually about $18 billion, or 1% of total retail sales. In addition to that it is predicted that total e-commerce transactions in the US is predicted to reach between $3-$7 trillion in 2004 alone. Using the figures as a yardstick it is easy to see how far e-business has come and how much people have embraced it in such a short period of time.
In the past decades, the development of communication technology in modern society has brought a steady growth in the presence of electronic government service around the world. With the arrival of new information age, The Netherlands has always been one of the pioneers in developing e-government services. The first policy commencing can be traced back to early 1990s. Rather than pursuing e-government as an end in itself, the Netherlands is seeking to use ICT tools to reduce administrative burdens and improve service delivery. Internationally, the Netherlands is at the forefront of administrative burden reduction, which is a major political priority and an important justification for e-government development. Today, from the wide application and personalization of computer, smart phone, tablet to other electronic devices, the Dutch government fully realized that in order to maintain a meaningful position in such fast-paced information society, it is crucial to improve its efficiency and to deliver better service with fast, professional responds to its citizens and business partners. By introducing the new form of communication, the Netherland keeps on pursuing high-volume, high-impact, user-focused citizen e-services ever since.
...ation, or more efficient government management (worldbank.org, n.d). E-government [2] that describe the patterns of interactions of digital governments with the public: The first stage of e-government focuses on “digital presence” with simple information-providing Web sites of a passive nature, namely a digitization of government information. The second stage provides simple Web-based interactions of governments with citizens, businesses and other government agencies through email contact and interactive forms that can dynamically provide information needed. The third stage of this evolution provides online transaction services such as license renewal, permit applications and tax payments. The next stage is when the government promotes shared governance to transform how the government operates, in terms of seamless information flow and collaborative decision making.
Over the last few years the rapid expansion of the internet has lead to many technological, business and social shift. Examples of such shifts are the increased demand for greater internet bandwidth, the movement from physical shops to online shops and the social acceptance and trust in using the internet for financial transactions. As the internet and E-Commerce become more integrated into our lives they continuingly drive changes in how we work and live as mentioned above. The future of E-Commerce promises to bring further changes in our lives as the internet continues to expand and it is these possible future shifts which I will discuss in further detail.