One of the overarching themes in this course has been the need for consistency, consistency in dealing with issues, moreover, consistency in following enacted policies and procedures when dealing with issues. When an issue arises and the facts are in dispute the process of dispensing “justice” is inseparable from due process and need for unbiased decision-making and principled deliberation. Deriving from the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendment, constitutional due process requires fairness, process, and procedures by which discretionary power is applied. With respect to higher education, this process is exasperated by the frequent need for universities to make discretionary decisions based on interpretations of disputed facts across multiple areas including employment, contractual obligations, and pedagogy. A violation of due process (from faculty, staff, administrators, or students) must show a deprivation of life, liberty, or property interest in connection to their actives. With respect to higher education claims involving liberty my result from admissions, discipline, academics, and employment while property claims my result from contracts, course grades, or dismissal from school. Falling into two categories: substantive and procedural, substantive due process protects against abuse and harassment from the government and includes right not explicitly named in the Constitution. These rights prevent the government from acting arbitrarily or outside of the scope of their given authority. In Lochner v. New York the question was asked whether the government’s exercise of authority is: “fair, reasonable and appropriate exercise of the police power of the State, or is it an unreasonable, unnecessary, and arbitrary interferen... ... middle of paper ... ...preme Court ruled on behalf of the students saying that “once the state provides an education for all of its citizens, it cannot deprive them of it without ensuring due process protections.” As mentioned earlier, one of the overarching themes in this course has been the need for consistency. When mitigating the possible legal implications of due process requires three steps. First, be consistent. As mentioned in class, a court will look more favorably on consistently poor judgment than inconsistent judgment. Second, follow policies. Beyond simply following established policies, polices must be regularly reviewed and should be consistent with, and rooted in the courts interpretation of due process within the context of higher education. Lastly, do not make “stupid” decisions. Training on policies and case studies can help administrators respond appropriately.
that helps users “interact” with computers. In the present, web interfaces need to be presented and designed in a way in which it can be easily received by the user. In the design field, the elements users see on a computer screen such as the text, graphics and icons etc. make up the interface of a web page (Dabbs, 2002) . Users rely on the interface to complete online tasks and interact with computers and maintaining consistency is an arguably important principle to follow in order to design a good
the perfect consistency. To start, the server needs to find out what type of base the customer wants their milkshake to be. There are hundreds of bases a milkshake can have; it can have syrup bases, candy bases, or both. The easiest milkshake to make are plain syrup based, such as chocolate. The chocolate syrup is very creamy, and the easiest to mix. Once the server has the base of the milkshake in the cup, the next step is to fill the right amount of milk in the cup. The server needs to watch because
Consistency is Hard for Parents Parenting is exhausting and frustrating. Most parents re just trying to make it to the end of the day. In many homes, expediency takes precedence over consistency. You may get very frustrated that your child won't clean her room, but after asking her multiple times, you get fed up and do it yourself. We are all human and will make mistakes, but making an effort to be consistent is essential to raising confident, secure children. Choosing expediency over consistency
accepted principles (FES, n.d.). The rationale underlying formation of the FES is explained as an introduction to discussing reliability and validity. There are three important ways to assure that a scale is reliable consistency overtime, consistency between raters, and consistency between multiple items. It is important to mention that the data suggest that the FES does discriminate on dimensions such as cohesion, expressiveness, independence, intellectual and recreational orientation, and on conflict
Auditing plays a vital role in business, government and economy. The key value of auditing is its ability to provide an independent assurance on the integrity and fairness of financial information produced by companies and other entities. An auditor is under a statutory duty to report to members on the company’s financial statements for an accounting period and on the accounting records relating to those financial statements (s.308). Auditors are required to provide an auditor’s report to the members
the correlation between test scores at Time 1 and Time 2 is 0.85, how would this be interpreted? The correlation between Time 1 and Time 2 is 0.85 and is significant (0.000); however, if the reliability drops from 0.85 it must be decided if the test needs to be reexamined (Kline, 2005). 3. What are some problems associated with reliability assessed via the test-retest method? The problem with reliability assessed via test-retest is that it requires the same participants at different times; which makes
Affective-Cognitive Consistency Theory also examines the relationship between attitudes and beliefs and posits that individuals are in an unstable state when their attitudes towards an object, event or person and their knowledge about that object, event, or person are inconsistent
Summers have numerous fruits which can be used to make delicious jam depending upon your choice. Some of the most common fruits are berries, apricots, grapes, figs and peaches. These fruits will vary in their sweetness; therefore, use the sugar accordingly. The coming text will provide a general recipe for making jam. Moreover, it also explains the ingredients and their nutritional value. Generally, the under-ripe fruits have more content of pectin as compared to ripen fruits. Moreover, ripe fruits
consideration when creating a new psychometric measure, such as maintaining consistency of results by using identical materials (Howitt and Cramer, 2011). It is also essential to avoid response bias, this is achieved through not using leading questions which suggests expected answers therefore limiting the effect it has on the variability of answers (Howitt and Cramer, 2011). Hogan and Cannon (2003) defined reliability as the consistency of a measure regardless of what it’s measuring, which may vary, however
Currently, in the field, there is a lack of consistency for what police psychologists administer in their pre-screening evaluations. However, there is a consensus that the pre-screening protocols should include at least one intelligence/cognitive battery and at least one personality/emotional battery
In Aristotle’s literature, the four characteristics that define an ideal character are displayed throughout his plays. The characteristics of goodness, propriety, and consistency and true to life demonstrate Aristotle remarks of ideal characters. The goodness is defined as characters having good moral purpose. In contrast to propriety the character must demonstrate fitment to his or her role the behavior must conventionally considered being correct. In the sequence of these characteristics falls
function of the behavior needs to be determined (Nungesser and Watkins, p.145). Working to replace unwanted behaviors with acceptable behaviors that will yield the same needs for the child is the ultimate goal (Nungesser,
theories that are evaluated, only some of them are considered good theories based on certain evaluation criterion that is met. Too be considered a good theory there are several evaluation criterion that need to be met such as the logical consistency, testability and empirical validity. The logical consistency has two elements, the scope and parsimony, both are interrelated. The scope of a theory refers to the range of explanation (Akers & Sellers, 2013, p. 5). If the scope of a theory is limited then the
“Self-Reliance” written by, Ralph Waldo Emerson, tells about how people stick to a certain way of thinking due to the way they grew up and what they have been told and seen. “A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines.” On the other hand, “Various kinds of thinking” written by James Harvey, tells how people have several different ways of thinking, and their minds and thoughts are constantly changing as they grow. These different
full of consistency, truthfulness, responsibility, and they also recognize the impact of their actions. Along with these sub-qualities, a person cannot simply have integrity, but must also possess multiple other qualities to be