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Contrasted theories of motivation
Contrasted theories of motivation
Achievement motivation can best be viewed as what
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There are three individuals Ella, Marcelo, and Masoko who are trying to gain a promotion at their place of employment. Motivated employees are needed at all workplaces. Motivated employees help their companies and place of employment survive. Managers need to know what motivates their employees. Of all of the duties of an employer motivating employees arguably is the most complex. This is due, to the part of what motivates employees which changes constantly (Bowen& Radhakrishna, 1991).Each individual is motivated to gain a job promotion using three theories of motivation. The three theories of motivation are biological, psychosocial an interactionist theories of motivation. Motivation is a reason or set of reasons for engaging in a particular behavior.
Ella’s motivational drive to gain a promotion is based on the biological theory of motivation. The biological theory of motivation that Ella is driven by is achievement motivation. She is trying to gain a promotion by incorporating biology. All people are born with innate tendencies that are programmed at birth; these innate tendencies are in our genes that we use for achievement. Ella will use her basic needs of survival to gain her job promotion. Ella is motivated based on the biological theory of motivation achievement motivation because Ella wants to achieve a job promotion. Ella will do whatever it takes. Ella will master all of the necessary skills that it takes to perform her job and outperform others (her colleagues). Ella will be as creative and as productive as she can be in her job performance. Performance is considered to be a function of ability and motivation. Ella’s ability to gain the promotion should depend on her ability, education, experience and trainin...
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... In closing, Motivation is the contributing factor to reaching a goal, getting something that you want, or fulfilling a need that you have. Motivation helps people do various things such as: gain a positive perspective, achieve goals, create the power of change, build self-esteem and capability, and motivation helps people manage their own development and help hers with theirs. Motivation is a skill that must be learned.
References
Buford, J. A., Jr., Bedeian, A. G., & Lindner, J. R. (1995). Management in Extension (3rd ed.). Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University Extension.
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, July 1943. 370-396.
Skinner, B. F. (1953). Science and Human Behavior. New York: Free Press.
Tolman, C. W. (1991). Theoretical indeterminacy, pluralism and the conceptual concrete. Theory & Psychology, 1, 147-162.
Motivation is the reason or reasons one has for acting or behaving in a particular way according to Google. The three milers in The Perfect Mile attempt to achieve the four-minute mile, and they each have different forms of motivation. There are two milers that achieve success because their motive impelled them to prevail. What is motivation?
The two main forms of motivation in the work place are exentric and incentric theory’s based on many theorists in the field. Firstly incentric motivation, this focuses’ on what motivates the individual in the working environment, it specialises in employees unique needs and focuses on their strengths and goals they pursue to satisfy their needs. One of the first to construct this theory was Abraham H. Maslow, (A Theory of Human Motivation, 1943) telling us that this idea is not a contemporary one. He created the “pyramid of requirements” or “Hierarchy of needs”, theory’s which has since been used as bases for many companies. The pyramid has five main levels :( from lowest importance to highest level), at the bottom is Physiological needs- this includes the body’s automatic attempt to maintain normal functioning, for example thirst, nourishment, clothing, oxygen, sleep an...
Motivation is literally the desire to do things. In detail, motivation is the internal and external factors that
The Little Oxford English Dictionary (2006), defines motivation as “the reason for your actions or behaviour”. Similarly, motivation is defined as “the reasons underlying behavior” (Guay et al., 2010, p. 712). In Gredler, Broussard and Garrison (2004), motivation is “the attribute that moves us to do or not to do something” (p. 106). This means that motivation is perceived as the drive to accomplish tasks or the very reason the tasks are not being done properly. It is basically what makes a person put or choose not to put in their effort when completing work. Motivation is the combination of what a person believes in, what he or she values, how a person perceives a certain given situation, what a person likes or dislikes
What is motivation? According to text, motivation is defined as a set of factors that activate, direct, and maintain behavior, usually toward a certain goal. Motivation is the energy that makes us do things: this is a result of our individual needs being satisfied so that we have inspiration to complete the mission. These needs vary from person to person as everybody has their individual needs to motivate themselves. Depending on how motivated we are, it may further determine the effort we put into our work and therefore increase the standard of the productivity. There have been a wide variety of theories about motivation developed over the years. Several are drive-reduction theory, arousal theory, psychosocial (both incentive and cognitive) theory, and Maslow’s H...
Research has shown that motivation in an employee is an important factor which determines his performance. Motivation is the “driving force within individuals” (Mullins, 2007, p. 285). It is the concerned with finding out the reasons which shape and direct the behaviour of the individuals. The people act to achieve something so that they can satisfy some needs (Gitman and Daniel, 2008). It is important for the manager to understand this motivation of individual employees in order to inspire them and devise an appropriate set of incentives and rewards which would satisfy the needs that they have individually (Kerr, 2003). Once these needs are expected to be met in return for some specific behaviour or action, they would work more diligently to have that behaviour in them and to achieve that objective (Meyer and Hersovitch, 2001). Since it would lead to early and fuller achievement of the company objectives as the individual would work more diligently, it would lead to better organizational performance (Wiley, 1997).
Robbins and Judge define motivation by means of three elements. The first element is defined as being the process that account for an individual’s intensity which is concerned with how hard a person tries. The second element is direction that benefits the organization and the third element is persistence which is a measure of how long a person can maintain effort. Motivation is also driven by certain situations that vary between individuals and within individuals, at different times. (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p.186) These elements should not only be expected from employees but from managers as well.
One of the many important facets of managing people within an organisational setting is motivating high levels of performance. Although a plethora of theories of motivation has been developed to offer managers the ability to improve performance and motivation of their subordinates, only few have surpassed rigorous tests of credibility of application in the workplace (Dodge & Ramsey, 1981). Vrooms expectancy theory of motivation is one such example which aims to emphasise the importance of motivation in the reasoning behind why people select particular actions or behaviours (Lee, 2007).
In daily life, we need motivation to improve our performance in our job or in studies. Motivation is an internal force, dependent on the needs that drive a person to achieve. In the other words, motivation is a consequence of expectations of the future while satisfaction is a consequence of past events (Carr, 2005). We need to give reward to our self when we did correctly or we has achieve our target. Reward is something that we are given because we have behaved well, worked hard, or provided a service to the community. Theories of motivation can be used to explain the behavior and attitude of employees (Rowley, 1996; Weaver, 1998). The theories include content theories, based on assumptions that people have individual needs, which motivate their action. Meanwhile according to Robbins (2001), motivation is a needs-satisfying process, which means that when a person's needs are satisfied by certain factors, the person will exert superior effort toward attaining organizational goals. Schulze and Steyn (2003) affirmed that in order to understand people’s behavior at work, managers or supervisors must be aware of the concept of needs or motives which will help “move” their employees to act.Theories such as Maslow (1954), McClelland (1961), Herzberg (1966) and Alderfer (1969) are renowned for their works in this field. The intrinsic reward or also be known as motivators factors is the part of Herzberg motivation theory. Motivators are involve factors built into the job or the studies itself such as achievement, recognition, responsibility and advancement. Hygiene factors are extrinsic to the job such as interpersonal relationship, salary, supervision and company policy (Herzberg, 1966. There have two factors that are called hygiene fac...
Motivation is therefore the force that transforms and uplifts people to be productive and perform in their jobs. Maximising an employee's motivation is necessary and vital to successfully accomplish the organisation's objectives and targets. However this is a considerable challenge to any organisation's managers, due to the complexity of motivation and the fact that there is no ready made solution or an answer to what motivates people to work well (Mullins, 2002).
Motivation is best defined as the needs, wants, and beliefs that drive an individual. It is the basis of what people work for and keeps them doing things they otherwise would never do. People act in a whole new manner when they are motivated by something. Motivation gives them a whole new perception of the task at hand. Motivation is not always positive though, and it does not always just come from one place, for example, your boss. Motivation can be negative by not receiving something, and contrary to popular belief it is not always money that motivates people to do what they do. People have different needs, wants, and desires and the finding what is most important to those individuals is the key to motivation. People and companies have used countless techniques and approaches to motivate others and employees, but what works for one person does not necessarily work for the other.
Motivation is defined as the process that initiates, guides and maintains goal-oriented behaviours. Motivation is what causes us to act, whether it is getting a glass of water to reduce thirst or reading a book to gain knowledge. Goal Setting is where we set specific targets aims that we wish to achieve, they need to be S.M.A.R.T or else they become dreams rather than believable goals. .
Motivation is an important function in organizations to motivate their employees for their ability to perform well, improving their skills, increasing productivity, job satisfaction and employee extension. Employees also are not a machines that we could just program their task in their brain and they will do it automatically, they require motivation to actually do their job properly. And so, after discussing the process models of the Maslow’s “Hierarchy of needs”, Douglas McGregor theory X and Y, and also the Herzberg’s “two factor motivation hygiene theory.” understanding the ways of motivating people, the human nature, and the substance of nature. I believe that the true motivation can only come from within and also managers can actually motivate all of their employees.
Motivation, as defined in class, is the energy and commitment a person is prepared to dedicate to a task. In most of organisations, motivation is one of the most troublesome problems. Motivation is about the intensity, direction and persistence of reaching a goal. During the class, we have learned a substantial theories of motivation and many theories of motivations are used in real business. Each theory seems to have different basic values. But, they all have been analysed for one reason, recognising what motivates and increases the performance of employees. Ident...
People’s behaviour is determined by what motivates them. The aim of this essay is to discuss the essence of the motivation and psychological strengths, its evolution, a brief overview of the key theories of the employees’ motivation and behaviour analysis. The main task is to understand how motivation affects employee behaviour and to clarify the importance of motivation. In this essay I will discuss and produce definitions and examples to answer the main question of what is the driving force and how do people’s needs influence performance at work?