Motivation And Motivation In Motivation

Motivation: Can individuals be motivated and what are the strategies organizations adopt to motivate employees?

OB Project

Prepared by

Anirudh Tiwari DM16105

Apoorva Singhal DM16111

Hiranya Deshmukh DM16119

Ravi Agarwal DM16135

Supam Das DM16151

Guide: Prof. I.S.F. Irudayaraj

Great Lakes Institute of Management

Table of Contents

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Chapter 1: Introduction - Motivation 3

Chapter 2: Early Theories of Motivation 4

2.1 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 4

2.2 McGregor’s Theories X and Y 5

2.3 Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory 5

Chapter 3: Contemporary Theories of Motivation 6

3.1 Three-Needs Theory 6

3.2 Goal-Setting Theory 6

3.3 Reinforcement Theory 7

In a work setting, motivation is what makes people want to work. Motivation is the process of arousing the action, sustaining the activity in process and regulating the pattern of activity.

Motivation is derived from the Latin word ‘movere’ which means ‘to move’ or ‘to energize’ or ‘to activate’. It is the process by which a person’s efforts are energized, directed and sustained towards attaining a goal.

 The energy: A measure of intensity or drive

 Direction: Toward organization goals

 Persistence: Prolong and sustain forth efforts to achieve those goals.

In each and every organization manager has the responsibility to co-ordinate and motivate its subordinates, how much skills does a manager has, is calculated by the way how he manage and motivates its employees to reach the organization strategic goals.

Motivation works best when individual needs are compatible with organizational goals. Need is an internal state that makes certain outcomes appear attractive. An unsatisfied need creates tension which is reduced by an individual’s efforts to satisfy the

• Effort: employee abilities and training/development

• Performance: valid appraisal systems

• Rewards (goals): understanding employee needs

Frederick Winslow Taylor theory motivation through pay

In 1917, Taylor published "The Principles of Scientific Management." In this Taylor proposed that by optimizing and simplifying jobs, productivity would increase and he gave idea that through pay workers are motivated. He said that if we want to motivate worker it happen through money. He said pay should be set according to the number of work done by the workers in a day. As much worker is productive he gets money according to that so the difference in money of different workers motivated all the workers to do more work in order to earn more money.

Elton Mayo theory motivation through social needs

In 1933 Elton Mayo published his book “The Human Problems of an Industrialized Civilization.” According to Mayo money is not everything to motivate employee. He said working condition; atmosphere is important part to motivate.

According to Mayo workers are motivated by