Comparing Meiosis And Morgan's Experiments

Meiosis is the process of cell division with reduction. Meiosis occurs in 9 stages. These stages include: meiosis I and meiosis II. These stages allow the original haploid cell to split into four daughter cells. Through Gregor Mendel’s two experiments with monohybrid and dihybrid crosses and Thomas Hunt Morgan’s experiment on recombination, there is a much closer look at meiosis and how it is affected by different circumstances and characteristics.

Meiosis does not add new variation, also known as alleles. Instead, it rearranges the allele combinations between genes. Only 23 chromosomes are required for meiosis to occur which is a haploid cell. A haploid cell is one complete copy of the genome. In meiosis I, the stages are: interphase, prophase

When interphase occurs, DNA in the cell is copied. In prophase I, the chromosomes that have been copied condense and pair to begin separating each set from each other. Metaphase I occurs when the different sets of chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell and the spindle fibers begin to attach to each chromosome. In anaphase I, the fibers then pull the copied chromosomes towards opposite ends of the cell. Once the cells have reached the opposite sides of the cell, the cell then begins to pinch in the middle; this is called telophase I. Once cytokinesis has occurred the cells will have completely separated into two haploid daughter cells. The process of meiosis II occurs the same as meiosis I except now within the two daughter cells that were a result of meiosis I. Meiosis II begins with prophase II and then progresses through each of the following stages until cytokinesis and the result is four daughter

These traits included the flower color, seed color, seed texture, pod color, pod shape, flower position and plant height. He began with a homozygous parent of both the recessive and dominant traits. He then crossed the filial one generation to create the filial two generation. He found that the results of each traits were always similar to the predicted ratio of 3:1. Once seeing the traits passed on from the F2 generation he concluded that the ratio was not 3:1, but instead 1:2:1. This lead to his principle of segregation. This principle stated that the traits did not have a combined form of each trait, but instead represented either the dominant one or recessive distinctly. His ratio of 3:1 was then known as the Mendelian