Cusumano, D. L., & Thompson, J. (2001). Media influence and body image in 8–11-year-old boys and girls: A preliminary report on Multidimensional Media Influence Scale. International Journal Of Eating Disorders, 29(1), 37-44. doi:10.1002/1098-108X(200101)29:1<37::AID-EAT6>3.0.CO;2-G The study conducted was conducted to measure the risk adolescents during the development of their body image and eating disturbances. A 3-point Likert scale was used among the one hundred and ninety six participants ranging from ages 8 years and 8 months to 11 years and 10 months. Two pilot studies were conducted in this study, to adjust the scales for the adolescent participants in a clear concise way for them to understand, and to be sure student participants were not fatigued from a plentiful survey. Cronbach’s alpha was used to test the reliability of the three subscales. The results indicated there was a significant difference in body dissatisfaction and media influence between the two genders in the study. The females in the study indicated there was a significant difference between body awareness and body dissatisfaction, while males had no significant difference. Both groups however indicated there was a correlation between the pressure of the media influencing body dissatisfaction. The discussion indicated there should be a larger sample of participants as well as specifically measuring the influence of media on clinical symptoms. Murray, T., & Lewis, V. (2014). Gender-role conflict and men’s body satisfaction: The moderating role of age. Psychology Of Men & Masculinity, 15(1), 40-48. doi:10.1037/a0030959 The literature in used for this study identified there was a gender role conflict because there is an image for men to be masculine in Wes... ... middle of paper ... ...G Murray, T., & Lewis, V. (2014). Gender-role conflict and men’s body satisfaction: The moderating role of age. Psychology Of Men & Masculinity, 15(1), 40-48. doi:10.1037/a0030959 Francisco, R., Narciso, I., & Alarcão, M. (2013). Parental influences on elite aesthetic athletes’ body image dissatisfaction and disordered eating. Journal Of Child And Family Studies, 22(8), 1082-1091. doi:10.1007/s10826-012-9670-5 Mond, J. M., Hay, P. J., Rodgers, B., & Owen, C. (2009). Comparing the health burden of eating-disordered behavior and overweight in women. Journal Of Women's Health, 18(7), 1081-1089. doi:10.1089/jwh.2008.1174 Mond, J., Myers, T., Crosby, R., Hay, P., & Mitchell, J. (2008). 'Excessive exercise' and eating-disordered behaviour in young adult women: Further evidence from a primary care sample. European Eating Disorders Review, 16(3), 215-221. doi:10.1002/erv.855
The media has a crucial influence on adolescents. Golan, Hagay and Tamir (2013) stated that “Since puberty, by its very nature, is associated with weight gain, adolescents frequently experience frequently experience dissatisfaction with their changing bodies” (p. 1). Young boys grow up with the expectation of having to become a strong, muscular, masculine man. Young girls see skinny models and movie stars and grow up thinking that it is only socially acceptable and attractive if they are also skinny, or very thin. “In a culture that glorifies thinness some adolescents, mostly girls, become excessively preoccupied with their physical appearance and begin to diet obsessively in an effort to achieve or maintain a thin body (Golan, Hagay & Tamir, 2013, 1). Little girls play with dolls that have narrow waists, full busts, lots of makeup and their hair done a certain way. Advertisers and manufacturers are portraying a particular body image with the dolls, and this makes little girls form an opinion on how they should look. “Young girls may engage in conversations...
Psychological promotion and effects of negative body image can be further explained through support in theoretical foundation (Tylka & Subich, 2004). Several theories have explored the dynamics of personal identity in adherence to the pressures of conformity (Boone et al., 2011; Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997; Kopp & Gembreck, 2011;Macdonald & Palfai, 2007; Schrick et. al, 2012; Thompson & Stice, 2001; Tylka & Subich, 2011). Specifically in relation to body image, “sociocult...
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Do you think men experience less, the same, or more dissatisfaction than women? Why? In what ways do you think body dissatisfaction is different for men than women?
Watzlawik, M. (2009). When a Man Thinks He Has Female Traits Constructing Femininity and Masculinity: Methodological Potentials and Limitations. Integrative Psychological & Behavioral Science, 43(2), 126-137. doi: 10.1007/s12124-008-9085-4
The standard way of thinking while looking through magazines is to compare ourselves to the people we see in them. Innumerable teenage girls assume that the media’s ideal beauty is unrealistically thin women. Looking up to adults as role models, we are constantly influenced to be on a diet, to not eat as much, and to feel poorly about yourself if you aren't thin. Growing up with this expectation to be skinny, some women develop bulimia, anorexia, and binge eating. Americans today tend to believe that we can be as skinny as models if we just eat less, work out more, and get plastic surgery. Consequently, with technology growing, you can now alter a photo using an application called photoshop. Photoshop is a tool commonly used in magazines to enhance a photo to it more appealing to the consumers. The problem is, that many teenage girls don't notice the subtle changes the photo has gone through. Therefore unrealistic beauty standards women have been given are what makes us have negative body images.
M.D. “Body Image: A Clouded Reality”. Human Architecture: Journal of the Sociology of Self Knowledge 2.2 (2004): 58-65 pg. Web. 18 Nov 2013.
Body dissatisfaction refers to any "negative self-evaluation of one’s own appearance and the desire to be more physically attractive." The problem of body image has long been shown to be a conern for the American Psychiatric Association or APA, (Muñoz & Ferguson, 2012, p. 383). It raises so much concern because an unsatisfying body image has been know to cause problems such as eating disorders, depression and self-esteem. Scholars have argued that an unsatisfying body image can be caused by a mix of different social and personal factors, yet media and peer pressure stand out as the two factors with them most impact on body image. Muñoz and Ferguson, (2012) considers both of these influences in exploring body image based on a "Catalyst Model" for body dissatisfaction, which prioritizes the influence of peers over those of the media.
In this day and age, hundreds or thousands of women and men are having an ongoing battling against themselves to meet up to society 's standards on body image. Every day people are sacrificing their bodies to strive for the "perfect" figure that would make them feel like they belong in our society. Because of society 's pressure, it has given men and women the immense amount of pressure to achieve these unrealistic goals. Needless to say, women and men are grappling with their inner demons to reach their goal of having the ideal body. In today 's society, men and women both struggle with body issues by the profound impact of social media and a lack of self acceptance; however, it appears that men are struggling more due to having to shield
McCabe, M. P., & Ricciardelli, L. A. (2001). Parent, peer, and media influences on body image and strategies to both increase and decrease body size among adolescent boys and girls. Adolescence, 36(142), 225-40. Retrieved from http://libaccess.mcmaster.ca/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/195930876?accountid=12347