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Analysis of Tess of the D urbervilles by Thomas Hardy
Thomas hardy tess of the d'urbervilles as a tragedy research pdf
Hardy test of the d'urbervilles analysis
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According to the dictionary, Hypergamy is any marriage between someone of lower class marrying into someone of a higher class. Another definition says that it is a custom that forbids women from marrying anyone of lower social standing than them. In Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the D’Urbervilles, this isn’t so much as forbidden as highly desirable, especially for the main character Tess. When the Durbeyfield parents find that they are descended from nobility, they immediately begin to look into the ways that they can regain their social standing as well as the money that came with it. So, it would only make sense for them to send their daughter off to Alec D’Urberville in the hopes that the two would marry. As an added perk to their marriage, Tess and in turn, her family would regain their fortune and Tess would be married off into a higher class.
To say the least, it isn’t always the norm for women in a poor family, or even one of higher class, to marry someone of a lower social class. If at all, the woman would be on equal footing with her husband and their fortunes similar, making no ...
A person’s social class influences the environment that they are raised in. When a person grows up in a certain environment they begin to become accustomed to it, thus when they enter into another class they experience quite a shock. “And newspaper set on the table whenever my grandpa sliced watermelons, and how embarrassed she would be when her boyfriend, my father, would come over and there were newspapers all over the kitchen floor and table (Cisneros 153).” Clemencia’s father came from a very well-off family in Mexico, a family where they used cloth napkins as well as had proper place settings; however; Clemencia’s mother came from a family that had cracked plates, no tablecloth, and allowed people to grab silverware as it was needed from the middle of the table. Since Clemencia’s father came from a well-off family, he and Clemencia’s mother were given a lot of guff from his family as he married down by marrying her. Marrying a poor, white w...
Today 's generation have changed many ways since the beginning of the century. In “The American Family”, Stephanie Coontz discusses many situations that has occurred during the beginning of the 21st century and suggested solutions to solve those issues in the future. For instance, she argued that women are being treated unfairly, family are not discussing their problems openly, and institutions need to change to fit the families’ requirement. In “Complexity of Family Life among the Low-Income and Working Poor” Patricia Hyjer Dyk, argued that women still doesn’t have enough choices, low income families doesn’t have enough jobs, and Government are not helping many families. Dyk’s review of the scholarly research on low-income families support Coontz’ evaluations of the problems faced by 21st century families and the solutions Coontz recommends, like improving women 's lifestyle, discussing problems openly, improving institutions and changing institutions so it can to fit to fulfil families need. .
In chapter three of this report a section is established exclusively for matriarchy in the Negro American family. Based on the Moynihan Report, the role of the black woman in the family is to be aware her sense of self, financially, academically, and emotionally, while also uplifting and solidifying the status of the Negro man, as well as her children, both male and female. The genesis of matriarchal dominance amongst the Negro family is, according to Moynihan, education. Moynihan compares various educational rates of white males and females and nonwhite males and females. Statistically sh...
Her marriage propelled her into the middle class because it gave her social capital. Isabel Wilkerson defines social capital as this, “Social capital usually means emotional support and encouragement from a reliable stakeholder in one’s life, an asset commonly associated with marriage that is itself a form of wealth”(320). In essence, social capital is required to conquer poverty and step into a new class. The best way to attain this vital ingredient marriage. Of all the women who marry, 56% move up to the middle class (a very good amount), but only 1.4% of all poverty stricken women marry (231). Wilkerson notes this about the small number of actual marriages, “’Why do we feel that promoting marriage will solve the problem when there are so few marriageable men?’ asked William Julius Wilson, professor so sociology and social policy at Harvard. ‘we need to find ways to duplicated the kinds of support that come from an encouraging partner’(231). Basically the the best way to get out of poverty is one of the least likely to happen because all the men are duds. Nothing can replace marriage but there are other ways of increasing social
Initially, Zenzele brings up the concept to voice her disapproval of the idea. Much of her concern comes out of a modern and Western view of such practices. Zenzele sees it as a man buying his wife as if she were property. Amai Zenzele, on the other hand, though she can understand her daughter’s concerns, can still see it in the customary way it was meant. Through this she is even able to get her daughter to relent with Zenzele saying, “I find it encouraging that our culture actually places great value on an educated, smart woman who has a career” and further, “I guess if submission was the goal, then they would certainly go for the rural, illiterate girls” (Maraire 33). Zenzele may debate in a heated manner, especially with her father, and touch upon subjects beyond Amai Zenzele’s reach, but she can still always be influenced and persuaded gently by her mother’s experience. Both are influential just with different
Also gender is an important factor in America social class. Men will be affected differently and women will be affected differently by the class system. In the class system there is inequality between genders and that greatly affects the social mobility of the genders. Men usually hold more important jobs in businesses while women will work under them. For instance in a article by Richard Hogan, it conveys, “How gender relations within the family are reproduced (emulated), at work, in class relations between secretaries and their bosses.” (Hogan 2001: 68). In families the female is usually taking care of the house, children, etc., while the male has a job and earning money. In this example it explains that the boss has a job and is earning money, while the secretary is taking care of the bosses work. This limits the social mobility of females since they always have to work under someone in most cases and they will earn less money than males. Women also take their husband’s social class position when they are married to them. Hogan explains, “Firstly women have been subsumed into class analysis through being identified with the household unit defined by the male partner 's social class position.” (Hogan 2001: 147). This displays that a female has no identity of her own since they take their husband’s social class position it is linked to them. Yet, females still have some kind social class and some social mobility in the class
In today’s society, there are certain types of women who are born with the advantage to prosper, and others who will ultimately face challenges. Certain factors are involved when discussing what types of women are more likely to encounter difficulties throughout their life. Audre Lorde, an African-American theorist, poet, and activist, stated tat the American norm is, “usually defined as white, thin, male, young, heterosexual, Christian, and financially secure” (Lorde 19). If a woman does not identify with all of these characteristics, she is more susceptible to hardship. Bastard out of Carolina, The House on Mango Street, and The Bluest Eye discuss many of the consequences of having certain factors that are considered out of the norm.
Society has seen the male dynamic of superiority, designation as the “bread winner”, or head of household for centuries. Women were specifically assigned to the roles of wife, mother, and nurturer through the process of the sexual or gendered division of labor. However, that has not always been the case. Over centuries of change and shifts in economic development, the roles of women have changed to adapt to their specific roles in society. The status of the individuals in society was defined by sex, age, physical trai...
...show us that the choices for women in marriage were both limited and limiting in their scope and consequences. As can be seen, it came down to a choice between honoring the private will of the self, versus, honoring the traditions and requirements of society as a whole. Women were subject to the conditions set down by the man of the house and because of the social inequality of women as a gender class; few fought the rope that tied them down to house, hearth, and husband, despite these dysfunctions. They simply resigned themselves to not having a choice.
Many traditional women faced those same challenges of balancing the care of their children and household obligations while successfully satisfying their working husbands. “They took pride in a clean, comfortable home and satisfaction in serving a good meal because no one had explained to them that the only work worth doing is that for which you get paid”. (Hekker 277.)
The mother gave birth to six daughters. The daughters all got jobs at a seafood restaurant ran by a man from Boston. All of the sisters “made good money on tips” (MacLeod 268) but even though they made a respectable income the mother “was angry [her daughters] should even conceive of working in such a place” (MacLeod 267). The mother does not judge the restaurant on their food or the service but simply that he is an outsider. She didn’t accept their daughter’s gifts because they get their money from that restaurant. If the mother were to accept financial help from the daughters they would have a better lifestyle. The six daughters of the mother later became wives to six young men in big cities such as New York or Montreal. There they are wealthy and “drove expensive cars” (MacLeod271), yet the mother “never accepted the young men” (MacLeod 271) because “They were not of her sea” (MacLeod271). The daughters becoming so wealthy could have been a blessing for the family. They could have had help from the d...
This factor plays a significant part in the issues that my grandfather, a once sharecropper who has managed to make a very successful life for himself despite the odds, had with the relationship. As the literature is reviewed it will be shown that these main problems that characterized my sister’s relationship appear to not only take place in my family’s situation but also in most families where there is an interracial relationship. Literature Review There are very clear connections between gender and resources. Typically, males make more money than females and have more access to anything that is necessary for them to succeed. This connection between gender and resources is reflected in the Social Structural Theory (SST) which states that men and women hold different roles because that is what they are expected to do socially but also because it benefits them as individuals (Miller 2004). A man is expected to make more money and be successful and a woman, while she may be able to work, is typically expected to fulfill the caregiver role. As far as relationships date back, it has been a common occurrence for the male to have resources to provide to not only to his significant other, but also to her family. Typically a man was expected to pay a
Kuttner also agrees, “a lot of ugly realities were concealed by “traditional values”; the legal and economic emancipation of women was long overdue, and the task now is to reconcile gender equality with the healthy raising of the next generation.” (124). Before the 1890s, females had no other options but to live with their parents before marriage and with their husband after marriage. They couldn’t work and if they did, their wages were way lower than men.
Lily Bart and her mother have been socially "ruined" in a sense because of the economic failures of their father and husband respectfully. However, Lily's mother teaches her that she can still maintain a high social status if she marries well, i.e. a rich man. In fact, Lily's mother is known for making the most out of the least as she is "famous for the unlimited effect she produced on limited means" (Wharton 48). In a society where women are considered valuable only for the appearance they present, it is impossible f...
This paper will focus on three of these concepts- economic inequality or the separation of the rich and the poor which is defined as the different life chances that a wealthy person may have than an impoverished person (Dykstra, 2014). The next concept that will be discussed is feminism, which is defined as the advocacy of the rights of women to be equal to men in all spheres of life (Applebaum, Carr, Duneier, Giddens, 2011). The last concept that will be discussed in this paper is gender roles, which are the ‘social definition’ of women and men. They vary among different societies and cultures, classes, ages and during different periods in history. Gender-specific roles and responsibilities are often conditioned by household structure, access to resources, specific impacts of the global economy, and other locally relevant factors such as ecological conditions (FAO, 1997).