It is important that everyone know of the need to improve our energy and water savings and assist in reducing the use of electricity, water, and non-renewable fuel sources. There are a number of non-chemical, non-mechanical water treatment technologies. Many of these are known by names such as electronic, magnetic, electrostatic, electromagnetic, and AC induction. The history of these devices goes back to at least 1952. Claims for and against the effectiveness of such systems have a long history. One would think that if these types of systems were truly effective, then the knowledge of their successful deployment would be common place in the industry. In September 2001 the US Army Corps of Engineers (COE) published TR-01-63, Demonstration and Evaluation of Magnetic Descalers. The COE tested three types of scale prevention devices, two magnetic and one electronic. Stated results were that the quantity and type of scale on tubes protected by the prevention devices was not substantially different from the quantity and type of scale on the unprotected, untreated control tubes. In July 2009 the COE published TR-09-20, Demonstration of Capacitor-Based Water Treatment System for Application at Military Installations. The system tested is named Zeta Rod. Stated results were that the capacitor-based treatment was just as effective as the chemical based treatment for controlling scale, biological fouling, and corrosion. Of note is the fact that no unprotected, untreated control tubes were included in the demonstration. Of course, if the effects provided by Zeta Rod use are achievable as claimed, then the benefits would be advantageous and significant. It is important to understand the scientific principles that form t... ... middle of paper ... ...rps of Engineers, ERDC/CERL TR-01-63, September 2001. 3. Non-chemical Water Treatment Systems: Histories, Principles and Literature Review, Loraine A Hucler, P.E., MarTech Systems, Inc., Lawrenceville, NJ, October 2002. 4. New Mexicans for Science and Reason present NMSR Teams with KRQE-TV13 on “Magnetic Water Conditioners”. 5. Magnetic Water Treatment and Pseudoscience, Stephen Lower, Retired, Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby/Vancouver, Canada. 6. Magnetic Water and Fuel Treatment: Myth, Magic, or Mainstream Science? Mike R. Powell, The Committee for Skeptical Inquiry, Volume 22.1, January/February 1998. 7. Internet Links to Patented Electronic Hard Water Conditioner Systems, http://electronicdescalerlinks.com/. 8. Do Magnetic and Electromagnetic Water Conditioners Work?, Larry Henke, Water Conditioning and Purification, July 1998.
Michael Shermer writes for Septic magazine, which investigates many different scientific and quasi-scientific controversies. He begins the talk by demonstrating a device called ADE 651. The ADE 651 was sold to the Iraqi government for 40,000 dollars each. It was said to work by electrostatic magnetic ion attraction. Shermer explains how that was simply a big bunch of crock. He discusses how there is a danger to pseudoscience that we can be made to believe in any little thing such as the ADE 651.
The existence of a waste water treatment plant will depend on local discharge requirements and the costs of waste water treatment. Relevant waste water treatment technologies involve neutralisation and anaerobic or aerobic processes.
Stephenson, R., & Blackburn, J. J. (1998). The Industrial Wastewater Systems Handbook. New York: Lewis Publishers.
The key stakeholders are Peter Vyas, the manager of filtration unit and Cynthia Jackson who is the vice president of water management division. Vyas was convinced that the survival of the unit depended upon innovative growth and thus he appointed a technology evaluation team with the responsibility of using technology to solve the problem of obtaining clean water in remote regions, by developing a small-scale oxidation system that enabled waste-water disinfection in small batches. His utmost concern is the technological aspect of developing the product. On the other hand, Cynthia’s perspective was shaped by the marketing angle of the product. She recommended the development of future proposals using a rigorous three phase process which links the markets analysis and technological development to busines...
Probably one of the largest contemporary trends in the therapeutic world is the use of magnetic therapy. However, it is also one of the least researched modalities, and has very little sound explanation for it's effectiveness. Winning over its clientele with testimonials by everyone from doctors to elite athletes, magnets are making a place for themselves in the health and therapeutic fields. This is accomplished by utilizing many different marketing strategies and very little research. "The trend is so lucrative, athletes are adding brand-name magnets to their list of endorsements" (Ruibal, p. 3C).
Poor drinking water supply and quality and poor sanitation are among the world’s major caused of preventable morbidity and mortality. Water contamination outbreaks occur all too often. It is likely that many outbreaks remain undetected and beyond the reported outbreaks, there is an unrecognized background burden of disease. There is a risk that outdated methods may not effectively identify and prevent water contamination. Advances in technology, which can aid the detection and prevention of contaminants, environmental health and sustainability should be encouraged and are needed.
Water purification systems for space travel have been adapted to work here on Earth as everyday household items. The technology used in the Apollo lunar mission has been successfully commercialized for use on Earth, and a system based on the ISS’s water purifier is widely used as a means of water purification in developing countries today.
In the 1960s where hydrometallurgical processes grew in popularity, therewas a common perception that hydrometallurgy wasenvironmentally compliant. This was concluded from the perception that the low temperatures in comparison with pyrometallurgy meantlow energydemands andthe lack of air emissionswas often cited as demonstration that hydrometallurgical methods posed no threats to our environment, but this isnot the case (1)
Water treatment is considered to be a relevant action to ensure environmental sustainability. With an increase in water pollutants, water treatment plants are forced to develop additional processes in order to adequately purify the polluted water. In a report for the Chesapeake Bay Watershed it was stated that the presence of non-point source pollutants caused “a 35% increase” in cost for the wastewater treatment plant (Rees 2014). As well, a study in
The claimed purpose of biomagnetic healing is to relieve pain and discomforts in the body. Gary Null, the author of Biomagnetic Therapy, (2) says that, in addition to relieving pain and discomfort, magnets can reduce inflammation and stress, improve circulation, help the body ward off invaders such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi, correct central nervous system disorders, enhance energy supply, quicken healing, increase athletic endurance and performance, and positively influence conditions such as aging, amputees with phantom pain, appendicitis, asthma and bronchitis, breast fissures, burns, cancer, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Cervicitis, depression, Dermatitis, ear pain, Endometriosis, Fibromyalgia, foot and leg pro...
around the end of the 19th century, when piped water supplies and the use of flush toilets lead to an increased water consumption, and waste-water production. This led to streams and stagnant pools of wastewater in city streets, causing outbreaks of cholera and other diseases. To tackle this problem, sewer systems were gradually introduced. Later, when this was seen to cause serious water pollution, step by step mechanical wastewater treatment plants, biological treatment for the degradation of organic substances, and tertiary treatment for the removal of nutrients were added to reduce the pollution and resulting eutrophication of the receiving water bodies. These now represent the present state-of-the-art in wastewater treatment. The problems become particularly serious when there is a rapid increase in the urban population.
Membranes work by providing barriers that permit or prevent the passage of materials of certain size, shape or other property. With a near infinite range of materials and substances alternate and better configurations have led to the advancement and development of membrane technology. With that being said, this literature review seeks to explore the various configurations and advances in membrane technology for water and waste water treatment.
There have been many logical explanations as to how the magnets operate. One explanation for the success of magnetic therapy has been how they utilize the cell’s magnetic field. When a disease invades the body, it disrupts the magnetic fields causing them to become disoriented within the cells. Magnets help realign these fields causing them to be an important factor in counteracting the disease (http://www.healthy.net/hwlibrarynewsletters/update/magnets.htm).
Magnetized water is also known for its efficacy in the treatment of high/low blood pressure, diabetes, kidney stones (dissolves), liver, kidney, and bladder infections. Good for HIV/AIDS patients. These diseases are as a result of disorder in the magnetic fields which can be restored through magnetic therapy e.g. magnetized water. Today most hospitals in Russia - use it for the treatment of so many ailments.
Proved Morteza et al.(2012) in their study the deadly impact for the lower intensities of the magnetic field on bacteria Bacillus Furthermore, showed study Yana et al.( 2013) the efficient use of the magnetic field to reduce the concentrations of phosphate from sewage at rates