Analysis of the Movement of Skeletal and Muscular Systems
(1) THE SKELETAL SYSTEM:
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The skeletal system forms the rigid framework of the body; it can be
divided into 2 parts, the axial and appendicular skeletons. The
skeletons functions are to support the body, provide protection of the
body’s organs, allow movement and store bone marrow for blood.
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(1.1) The AXIAL skeleton forms the core of the skeletal system and
consists of:
· Cranium
· Vertebral column
· Sternum
· Ribs
Cranium: The cranium is a box like cavity containing and protecting
the brain. It consists of interlinking segments of bone which
gradually fuse together during the first few years of life.
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Vertebral column: The vertebral column extends from the cranium to the
pelvis, providing a central axis for the body. It is comprised of 33
irregular bones called vertebrae. The vertebral column accounts for
40% of a persons overall height, and is held together by strong,
powerful ligaments. The vertebral column is divided into regions:
· The Cervical region consists of 7 vertebrae to form a flexible
framework for the neck, and support the head.
· The thoracic region consists of 12 vertebrae increasing in size from
top to bottom. They move with the ribs and form the rear of the rib
cage.
· The lumbar region supports the body’s weight and consists of 5
vertebrae, which are the largest in the spinal column, and are
attached to many back muscles.
· The sacrum is a triangular vertebra, until around age 26 it consists
of 4 or 5 smaller vertebrae but become fused together. It forms the
back of the pelvis and moves with it.
· The coccyx consists of 3 to 5 fused vertebrae and is attached to
many muscles.
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Sternum: The sternum is a flat, elongated bone and lies at the centre
of the chest.