It is believed that Atahualpa was born for the year 1500, in Cajamarca, now knows as Peru. His parents were Huayna Capac and Tocto Coca. Atahualpa was a respectful person, because to his very early age, he showed the people to be a very intelligent and bravely person. His father and Willac Umu who was the great priest of the Sol died around the year 1525, Atahualpa´s dad delivered the red mascaypacha to Huáscar, who got Cuzco's kingdom and to Atahualpa the kingdom of Quito. Initially there was peace between both kings, but in the king of Huascar there were people that didn´t want him and Atahualpa expanded his kingdom, making big battles and a big loosing of life between those kingdoms.
Huascar also wanted to expand his king. So he called his brothers by dad´s blood to the Cusco, making an excuse of supposedly Huayna Capac's mummy was going to come to Cusco. Noble faithful persons to Atahualpa told him that he should not go, because he could be kill, so Atahualpa send delegates represented him and of course they die with other people.
Atahualpa was convinced by the nobility Incas of Quito and Tumibamba that he had to fight against Huáscar. So a great army was prepared that was in charge of generals Quisquis, Calcuchímac and Rumiñahui, and they also did a ceremony, to put it on a red mascaypacha, for recognize Atahualpa the new sovereignly of Tahuantinsuyo.
At the beginning Atahualpa had many defeats, but this didn´t stop him, on his way to Cusco, in charge of his generals. The most important battle that they had was the battle of Chontascaxas, where the people of Quito took prisoner to Sapa Inca. So Atahualpa´s army killed many closer families of Huascar specially the descendants of Tupac Yupanqui that was the panaca Cápac Ay...
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... to be priest and guardian of his body, got the throne. He could not still going with the negotiations as his brothers, because the viceking Francisco Toledo wanted to end with the problems of Vilcabamba. So, Tupac Amaru, close the entrance to Vilcabamba, still in1572 the Spanish army could get in, but Tupac Amaru has escaped to the jungle, anyway he was captured and taken to Cusco. Here he was beheaded and his head was put in a public place, for that the Indias could see that to get intimidate of the Spanish.
Soon, some people went back to Spain and the commentaries and questions were presented like: if Pizarro had the legal right to invade Peru, to take Atahualpa hostage, to kill thousands of people and to take their gold. So the excuse was that Atahualpa, usurped the throne to his old brother Huáscar, but this was false argument because the age didn’t matter.
Ultimately I believe that the clash between Cortez and the Aztecs was indeed inevitable. The Spanish like all humans suffered from a need to explore and dominate. It is human nature to wonder what lies in wait throughout the world. The Spanish were seeking to discover new lands. When they came across the overwhelmingly interesting civilization that is the Aztecs, their lust for power as well as the news of Cortez’s men being slain at Totonacs it left them no choice to but to conquer these people and claim their belongings as their own.
The first major reason for writing the manuscript illustrates the difficulties that Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala felt during the colonial period. As a young man, he migrated from an Inca state to a newly conquered area by the Incas. He settled there with privileges given to him by the Inca Empire to teach the superior ways of their culture. But with the arrival of the Europeans in 1532, these new settlers like Guaman Poma were viewed as outsiders. The situation worsened when Viceroy Francisco de Toledo fixed an administration that divided the indigenous community into two groups: native born members and outsiders. When Guaman Poma started defending his inherited land, he presented himself as a native Andean and as a Spanish appointee. Since he collaborated with the Spanish colonial regime as a Church assistant, he considered himself as a man with rights, loyal to the Crown. During this time, Fe...
One of the principle themes in the Aztec downfall was the immense greed of the Europeans. The principle goal of every major faction in Europe was to gain power and wealth it didn’t matter from what source. Everyone from popes and kings to the lowly soldier envisioned rivers of gold and fame. Ever since they had boats Europeans have been looking for lucrative trade routes and other ways to turn a profit. The ruling monarchs of these countries contributed a great deal to this. They saw vast profits from these ventures through taxes and the customary “ Royal Fifth” which was a fifth of all profits would go straight to the King and/or Queen. Also royalty or other nobility within the country personally funded a large majority of explorations. Trading and exploration companies just helped push the trend further and made the exploitation of newly discovered lands big business. While greed was defiantly a starting point for Cortez’s expedition, it was his greed while in Central Mexico that changed the tide of history. Cortez’s first encounters with the natives in Central...
Hernán Cortés intended to bring back riches from America not conquer a people, but he and his conquistadors, who coincided with the return of the god Quetzalcóatl, were responsible for the death of the Aztec emperor, Montezuma.
Huayna Capac made sure that there was no such question over who had unreserved control nor allow his future heir to be afflicted with opposition to his legitimacy. Like all Incan Emperors, after first coming into power, each went on an expedition around his kingdom and its peripheries, in its entirety, to understand exactly where his boundaries are. After his excursion, he continued the expansion that his father began, and did so through a 5 step c...
In a modern sense, his main goal was to kick out the Aztec Indians there and show them who the boss is. The Native Americans were full of malice, as according to Spanish History, yet they respected Hernan Cortes. Some of them thought that Hernan Cortes was their god, Quezacoatl, reincarnated to lead them the way. At first, the Moctezuma, the Aztec's leader, sent rich gifts to Cortes. The sight of such wealth only made Cortes and his men march faster to the capital. It's just like following a trail of pieces of candy. You don't just want the little pieces found, but the entire bag.
Nezahualcoyotl (Hungry Coyote) born in 1402 in Texcoco, was considered the greatest poet of ancient Mexico. He was the ruler of the city-state of Texcoco, which together with the city-states of Tenochtitlan and Tlacopan made up the Aztec Empire. The Aztec Empire ruled the Valley of Mexico for 93 years (1428-1521) until Hernan Cortes’s Spanish conquistadores and his native allies defeated it. The Aztecs controlled almost all of central Mexico, except the Tlaxcalteca kingdom. However, Nezahualcoyotl was not an Aztec; his people were the Alcohuans, one of the northern tribes that migrated into the Valley of Mexico. After becoming the ruler of his homeland, his talents and vision of the city flourished and Texcoco became the center of the empire.
The Aztec Empire was the most powerful Mesoamerican kingdom of all time. They dominated the valley of Mexico in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The Aztecs were an advanced and successful civilization that built beautiful, sophisticated cities, temples, and pyramids. They also created a culture full of creativity with mythological and religious traditions. Aztecs lead a structured and evocative life that let their society to become a very superior civilization. The Aztec’s communication skills were very well developed for their time; through religious beliefs, government involvement, and family life they lived a full and productive life. Until in 1519 when the Spanish conquistadors arrived in Mexico, and defeated the Aztecs.
Before any conquistador had ever step foot in Inca lands, issues that would lead to the Inca’s downfall had been buil...
Hernan Cortes along with the Spanish army of five hundred, and thousands of Indian warriors declared war with the Aztecs. Moctezuma believed that the person coming towards his land was Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl who was forced into exile, but promised to return. Topiltzin was born in the year ce acatl, departed during ce acatl. Coincedently Cortes came in the year of ce acatl, unfortunately for Moctezuma having his guards down and his arms open during the start of the war.
The Rise and fall of the Aztec Empire is possibly the most important area of study in the modern world. Of all of the nomadic tribes who migrated into Mexico, the Aztecs were one of the last. At first driven away by established tribes, the Aztecs slowly began to develop an empire of immense wealth and power by the late fifteenth century. Due in large part to the accomplishments of their ruler Itzcoatl, the empire expanded to include millions of people from a number of different tribes, including the Cempoala, who would later aid the Spanish in defeating the Aztecs. Because of the "melting pot" within the empire, the Aztecs had a very diverse culture. However, this immense Aztec Empire would soon be brought to its knees by the doings of one man and his army.
...The last two reasons that the Aztecs were defeated had to do with the disease that the Spaniards brought with them from Europe mainly small pox and the Aztec warfare rituals. The Aztecs had never been exposed to this disease and therefore their immune systems could not beat it and it eventually claimed the lives of thousands of Indians not only the Aztecs. The Aztecs had many rituals that they performed and most of them had to do with human sacrifice and this was something unspeakable and unholy in the eyes of the Spaniards which only fueled their cause in killing them and stopping such barbaric acts. Also the Aztecs would perform rituals before declaring war which the Spaniards used to their advantage and caught them off guard with their immediate attack of Tenochtitlan. These were the most important factors that led to the eventual fall of the Aztec empire.
Hernán was the cause of the fall of the Aztec Empire. The Aztecs had their own religion and it involved sacrifice. They believed that sacrificing humans were good because, without human blood, the Gods would grow sick and eventually die. After Hernán Cortés’s arrival on the coast of Mexico, they ran into a few Indigenous groups on his way to Tenochtitlan. Totonacs, Tlaxcalans, Cholulans, and Tabascan. Three out of four of those groups they fought and after defeating the Tabascan people, one of the slaves could speak Mayan, Nahuatl (the language of the Aztecs), and shortly learned Spanish. Malinche helped the Spanish as an interpreter, spy, and the key to conquering the Aztecs. When Cortés arrived in Tenochtitlan, Moctezuma (Emperor of the Aztecs) allowed them in and exchange gifts. Cortés found out about their religion, traditions, and gold. He figured if they wiped them out, he’ll bring peace to Tenochtitlan and make him wealthy. Then happened a long battle of slaughtering many Aztec warriors, one by one and even place Moctezuma under house arrest in his own palace. The Europeans brought the Smallpox epidemic to Tenochtitlan and it had wiped out 25% of the Aztec population and not only that, they cut the aqueducts to the city. Finally, the Aztecs were annihilated and the Spanish tore down the city in ruins. The Aztec Empire ceased to
According to the legend, the Aztecs, who referred to themselves as the Mexica, spent years wandering through central Mexico in search of a homeland. In AD 1325, the Aztecs founded their new capital Tenochtitlan (Moctezuma, 9). Years later, the Aztecs started to build their renowned empire. The Aztec Empire was made up of the Triple Alliance: Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tlacopan (Moctezuma, 55). Agriculture was the basis of the Aztec’s economy, but conquest and warfare lead to economic expansion and the accumulation of tributes from conquered towns (Moctezuma, 21). War was vital, for it maintained and expanded the economic and religious basis (Moctezuma, 55). The Aztec warriors were the driving force of much of the Aztec empires success because of their training, weaponry, wardress, sacrificing, and combat.
The Chichimeca Wars have been a major role in the Spanish conquest of the Aztecs. The wars or mini battles between the two sides occurred 1550-1590, after much of the new colony of Mexico had already been established. The Spanish ended up engaging in the longest and most expensive conflict they ever had with Indigenous people. The wars started after the land in which the tribe lived was found to be abundant in silver ore and led to the Spanish establishing mines. The Spanish government adopted a policy of “War of Fire and Blood” which meant the death and enslavement, as well as mutilation of the Chichimeca people. The policy had no effect and failed, instead they decided to make peace with the natives was a better option. The Spanish called this process “peace by purchase”. The Spanish learned from the Chichimeca Wars how to effectively deal with native populations that are resistant to the Spanish settling in the future. This stand by the Chicimeca people is significant to the conquering of the Aztecs as it was one of the last attempts made by a native group to stand up against the invaders that were the Spanish colonizing Mexico.