Life in The Emerging Urban

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In 1814, the Quadruple Alliance composed of Russia, Prussia, Austria, and Great Britain finally defeated France. They meet at the Congress of Vienna, and agreed to fashion a general peace settlement. In 1815, the main ideas of liberalism are the individual freedoms, such as freedom of the press, freedom of speech, freedom, of assembly, and freedom from arbitrary arrest (Mckay et al., 2012). In contrast, the principal ideas of nationalism are the idea that each “people had its own genius and its own specific unity, and they are often led to the desire for an independent political state” (Mckay et al., 2012). A few years later, Prince Klemens von Metternich (1773-1859), Austrian Foreign Minister from 1809 to 1848) believed in absolute monarchy and suppressed all attempts at nationalism or liberalism during its period of unification, because he assumed that liberalism had been the cause for a generation of war (Mckay et al., 2012). To continue, Metternich was against nationalism, because “the ideal was threatening to destroy the Austrian Empire and revolutionaries Europe” (Mckay et al., 2012). Therefore, in 1819, Metternich applied the Carlsbad Decrees, a set of reactionary restrictions in the German confederation, to cease the liberalism and nationalism in the German states. In other words, Metternich opposed the liberalism and nationalism because he wanted to protect his society (e.g. class, rights and privileges) from them. At that time, he was in charge to governed Germany. Germany was a multiethnic state; as a result, he didn’t have a choice to oppose both liberalism and nationalism because it would hurt him and the Germany’ power of centralization. He also feared that Germany would split apart. Nevertheless, at the end, h... ... middle of paper ... ... (Mckay et al., 2012). Despite all the negative outcomes, people have suddenly realized the need to expand everything in the city to satisfy the need of all the population. Nevertheless, the sudden growth woke up the society, and it made them reflect on how they should find a way to resolve the problem as soon as possible. Furthermore, throughout history, we have understood that the gender relation is always a prominent problem, if we compare to other problems such as living condition, working conditions, and child rights and supports. As a result, the Industrial Revolution had many important people that came out with genius ideas, and we, human beings, are still using their creations/information. Reference Mckay, J. P., Buckler, J., Crowston-Hanks, M. E., & Perry, J. (2011). Understanding Western Civilization (Vols. 1 - 2, pp. 488-496). Boston, MA: Bedford.

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