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Hofstede’s cultural dimensions essay
Hofstede’s cultural dimensions essay
Geert Hofstede's four cultural dimensions
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1. Describe Ang’s leadership style in terms of the Allison (2015) and Vaill (1992) sources. Was there a shift in his style? A retrospective analysis of issues at Alpha Mill revealed issues related to management. The underlying causes arose from leadership styles of Ang Siow and Ian Davidson and the lack of consideration of cultural differences. Ang Siow Lee, as a teenager began work in the 1960s as a laborer at Alpha Mill in Malaysia. He successfully rose to senior production supervisor over palm oil processing after being the most senior non-managerial staff member. He reported to the mill manager with two junior supervisors and 25 operators under his supervision and assumed many responsibilities including human resource planning issues, …show more content…
Leaders, therefore, have a responsibility to help the members of the team become masters of their field of endeavor. This requires education, feedback, and the creation of processes that support beliefs and behaviors that produce excellent results…Leaders must create processes that incentivize superior performance. People cannot be forced to perform, but they can be coached and rewarded” (Allison, 2015, p. 3). Interestingly, after Ang allowed teams to work out issues without his interference and to think independently, mill performance improved. The positive turn-around in mill performance had a negative effect on Ang; he became more withdrawn and devastated by the team’s performance without his control. Understanding a country’s culture is critical to success as business is conducted on a global scale. Each country has its own culture or shared beliefs, values, and customs that shape their behaviors. Despite how influential as organizational culture may be managerial practices, the country’s culture may be even more influential. Geert Hofstede created what he called cultural dimensions to help managers understand the differences in cultures. His research showed that culture impacts employees’ work-related behaviors and attitudes (Robbins and Coulter, 2002). Those five dimensions are: power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism, masculinity, and time orientation (Grewel and Levy, 2013; Javidan and House,
Constant technological and global changes create challenges that forces leaders to manage different cultures in different countries. People, goods, services, and ideas are moving today at greater speeds which mean our labor force is becoming more diverse and multicultural by the day. Effective leaders need to understand such global dynamics in order to successfully manage organizational cultures. The cultures of leaders and their core assumptions might be different from the values and assumptions of employees in a different country. Two managers working for the same global company might see things differently due to their backgrounds and cultural values. The different countries, in which the organization operates, will have different cultures depending on the social, economic, and political history of the country. Managing and understanding these differences need an effective cross-cultural thinking leader (Yukl, 2013). Some research questions that Yukl, 2013 suggests are: 1) how behavior differs across cultural values and for different countries? 2) How values and behaviors are influenced by personality across company and country? 3) What types of traits, skills, and experience are most useful to prepare a leader being assigned to a new country? 4) How does the fast-changing culture in developing countries affect and relate to
First, I would recommend eliminating a few levels of management and redefining what each position is to do (an idea the mill manager already had in terms of rewriting job descriptions). Based on the chart provided in the text book on page 158, I feel that eliminating the Production
Hofstede’s model has widely been used in the past two decades to explore meaningful differences between cultures. This culture-based model was established based on data collected from 117,000 IBM employees in 20 different languages within 53 countries and regions. The survey instruments were divided into 4 subsections of questions that were relevant to work satisfaction, personal goals and beliefs, and perceptions. Using this data, Hofstede was able to create a fundamental blueprint of four basic dimensions in which employees of different backgrounds could be meaningfully compared. However, like most pioneer models, the model of cultural-dimensions has inherent methodological flaws as it fails to account for extraneous variables and assumes that occupational and national cultures are not independent of each other.
Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
In a year, Alcoa's benefits hit a record high. How did concentrating on worker wellbeing bring about expanded benefits? O’Neill assaulted the cornerstone habit, those habits that can begin a chain response. The progressively outstretching influence created positive changes all through the organization. By concentrating on worker wellbeing, O’Neill really brought on a radical realignment. Keeping in mind the end goal to keep workers safe, you needed to comprehend why they were harmed in any case. He began with a basic habit circle. Because of it, the unit president needed to contact O’Neill inside 24 hours. That implied everybody up the levels of leadership from the representative to the unit president must be mindful of it quickly. To keep mishaps to a base, recommendation boxes were made accessible. Individuals began talking and tuning in. As wellbeing expanded, costs descended, quality went up, profit expanded, and benefits soar. Cornerstone habits have been recognized in families. Those that consume supper together have youngsters with better homework habits, more certainty and better enthusiastic control. Michael Phelps had the ideal body for a swimmer. Long middle, enormous hands, short legs. Anyhow to turn into a gold-decoration winning Olympic champion, he required more. He required habits that would make him the strongest mental swimmer in the pool. Phelps' mentor
From the very beginning of Peterson’s employment, he discovered by himself that he would not be reporting to Jenkins, but to Jeff Hardy, who had no prior product launch experience, and could not give him any guidance or advice related to this field. This situation working under an inexperienced supervisor hinder Peterson’s work flow and cause him to second-guess his decision on more than one occasion. This lack of guidance and leadership under an inexperience supervisor traveled down to other departments underneath Peterson, which hampered the flow of the overall workforce and operations of the company. Furthermore, this led Peterson having difficulties gaining support with his subordinates. Most of them resent him because of being pass of the promotion, and kept distance. This fashioned an ambiance where employees did not have faith in Peterson as a leader or each
There are many culture researchers that have explain culture and how individuals behaves in an organisation, we have Porter & co. (1975), George Murdock (1940), Clyde Kluckhohn (1952) etc. but this report shall be mostly based on the Geert Hofstede (1980) cultural dimension. He investigated the interactions between national and organisational cultures using the IBM workers as a case study and came out with four dimensions and later added two more at different times. They are:
In asking the consulting firm for assistance, President Paul Willard stated that the main issue within the organization was a “power struggle between people and departments.” This is precisely where the issues in both the sales and production departments are stemming from. After analyzing the situation, several issues can be pointed out in the sales department, the first being the leadership style of sales executive vice-president Ernie Lane, the second being the dramatic shift in the work force, and the third being the lack of motivation and compensation to maintain morale, satisfaction, and productivity. Most importantly, all the problems are
In an attempt to understand the dissimilarities of employees from a cross-cultural perspective, Geert Hofstede (1980) conducted a pioneering survey that measured the work-related values of employees who worked for IBM subsidiaries located in 53 different countries (Hofstede & Bond, 1984). When analyzing the results, Hofstede discovered that cultures were divisible into four distinct categories, masculinity/femininity, power distance, uncertainty avoidance and individualism/collectivism (Bochner 1994). Hofstede stated that the four categories relate to the core cultural values of
This is where achievement oriented leadership comes into play. Achievement oriented leadership is a part of the path goal theory of leadership. This theory states, “…effective leaders clarify the paths (behaviors) that will lead to desired rewards (goals)” ((Griffin, Phillips, and Gully, 2016, p.421). The achievement oriented side of this theory means that Welch’s leadership qualities would involve setting difficult goals, expecting employees to have high performance levels, and showing confidence that his subordinate will put in the effort to reach those goals (Griffin, Phillips, and Gully, 2016). The core and secondary problem are results of this leadership method. Employees began to feel overworked, because they were trying to achieve these challenging goals, while still picking up the pieces of those that were let go due to the restructuring. It is great to set goals for a company, but do not make them unrealistic. Some of Welch’s ideas and goals were not realistic in a short time
The dimensions of culture came as a result of a research conducted by Greet Hofstede. The study investigated how culture in a workplace can be influenced by values of the people. In his view, culture is defined as the collective programming of the human brain that helps in distinguishing a group from another one. Moreover, the programming of the human mind influences the patterns, values and perspectives that define a certain community or nation. Hofstede developed a model of the national culture that is made of six dimensions. In addition to that, the cultural dimensions demonstrate the personal preferences on affairs that can be easily distinguished from that of individuals from another nation. Using the model, it is easy to identify systematic differences between the selected nations in terms of values (Hofstede). This paper discusses the cultural dimensions to compare the United States of America and China. The dimensions include Power Distance, Masculinity versus Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance Index, and Individualism versus collectivism, Indulgence versus Restraint and long-term orientation versus short term normative orientation.
Base on the framework of culture analysis some models have been proposed for examine groupings of cultural values which are helpful. At the same time the models are provided the ways that help people to examine cultural similarities and differences. This is because of culture have the combination and relationship in people life especially for application in business activities. The Hofsted model (1980), it is the named of culture analysis model which proposed four dimensions, or indices, of culture. Reseacher said, they were developed on the basis of a worldwide survey of employees in a large U.S. multinational company. The measure of indices have some characteristic which are individualism, uncertainty avoidance, power distance, and masculinity. Most of these characteristic index are giving impact on the management policies in international business.
I’ll begin by discussing Victor Kiam. Victor was well known for his phrase, “I liked the shaver so much, I bought the company.” The company he bought was Remington Products in 1979. He was an entrepreneur who was more interested in helping a company acquire its first million dollars instead of all the millions that it raised thereafter (www.growingbusiness.co.uk). When Victor purchased Remington; he cut away layers of unnecessary management to save the company money. I believe that is due to his autocratic leadership style. “Autocratic leaders make decisions on their own without consulting employees” (Boone, Kurtz, 2011, pg. 269). This leadership style was evident when he bought Remington.
Jones.M (2008) Becoming a Management Legend by Making History through the Hawthorne Studies: A conversation with Alfred A.Bolton,13.1,101-108.
Managers should be able to lead the members of their work groups toward the accomplishment of the organization’s goals. Leading is defined as motivating and directing the members of the organization so that they contribute to the achievement of the goals of the organization. In order for leaders and managers to be effective they must understand the dynamics of individual and group behavior, to be able to motivate their employees, and be effective communicators. It is said that a good ...