La Internacionalización de los negocios

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Recommended: Chapter 1 Globalization and International Business

Las empresas desde hace varios años han encontrado la oportunidad de poder expandir su producto o servicio a otros mercados completamente diferentes, como por ejemplo otros países. Se busca no solo conformarse con el mercado nacional, pero al igual que esto representa una enorme ventaja, también existen diversos desafíos a superar. La internacionalización como concepto básico y amplio se refiere a darse a conocer, que el resto del mundo conozca la empresa, el producto o el servicio a venta. Esta permite que el producto o servicio que se vende pueda adaptarse sin problema a los nuevos mercados con su cultura independiente. Un proceso que es necesario para la expansión de la empresa e ingresar a nuevos países.
El apuntar a convertirse en una empresa multinacional se ha convertido en una característica bastante común. La internacionalización sigue una trayectoria ascendente, es necesario poder adaptarse de correcta forma para poder competir en un mundo con cada vez mayor competencia. ¿Por qué internacionalizarse? Se pueden encontrar varios motivos, la empresa se puede sentir amenazada por la competencia que también se encuentran en territorios internacionales y se aprovechan de economías de escalas; puede que el producto ya no se venda tan bien a nivel nacional, o quizás el mercado interno es muy pequeño, entre otros.
La internacionalización desde un enfoque económico, según Charles W. L. Hill, citando a Adam Smith, el padre de la economía tuvo gran aporte al desarrollo del concepto de la internacionalización, partiendo este de la teoría básica del comercio internacional la cual se basa en que los países tienden a especializarse en la producción de bienes con menores costos de producción.
La teoría de internacionalización tiene c...

... middle of paper ...

...distintas áreas como comunicación, producción y transporte, y también las capacidades humanas como por ejemplo al emprendedor que funda esta nueva empresa.
Para concluir y como dato adicional, se puede dividir las teorías de internacionalización en dos categorías. Las pioneras como aquellas primeras que surgieron décadas atrás enfocado plenamente en el conocimiento y la experiencia que siguen siendo usados hoy día mayormente en entornos operativos; y también están las teorías de segunda generación, las cuales ven a la internacionalización como un proceso sistemático que con el uso de la información le es más fácil a un empresa entrar dentro de un mercado internacional. La internacionalización parece bastante similar a la globalización, con respecto a que es un proceso que se encuentra en constante evolución y desarrollo con referencia a toda actividad comercial.

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