Chapter 18
KING RICHARD AND QUEEN CONSORT ANNE NEVILLE OF WARWICK
SUMMARY OF THE REIGN OF KING RICHARD III
III (Reign, 1483-1485)
Richard III: life dates, 32 years, October 2, 1452—August 22, 1485; reign, 2 years, June 26, 1483—August 22, 1485.
Richard of York Duke of Gloucester was the youngest of eight children and fourth of four sons of Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York, and Cecily Neville Countess of Westmoreland. His father, Richard Plantagenet, was the primary York protagonist at start of the Wars of the Roses, but after his death in the Battle of Wakefield in 1460, York leadership was taken over by his eldest son Edward who became Edward IV.
Richard of Gloucester was the youngest brother of Edward IV. His enduring claim to notoriety lies in common belief that he usurped his crown from his brother’s son, Edward V, that he contrived an accusation that the prince was illegitimate, and then he devised a secret means for murdering twelve year-old Edward V together with his nine year-old brother Richard Duke of York. Richard III imprisoned the two sons of Edward IV in the Tower of London, and they are famously known as the Princes in the Tower. After two months, they were never again seen alive. Richard III was blamed for authorizing their murder. Because Richard III was believed to be responsible for deaths of The Princes in the Tower, he has always been considered the worst of English Kings. Shakespeare depicts Richard III’s temperament to be the epitome of evil. Even so, the Richard III Society in London persists in defending Richard’s innocence of any devious role in the disappearance of the Princes in the Tower
Richard, Duke of Gloucester was born on October 2, 1452 at Fotheringhay Castle, Northamtonshir...
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...n the London residence of her sister and brother-in-law, she served as a scullery maid to keep her presence hidden. However, it is suspected that her confinement in that menial role was part of George of Clarence’s intent to conceal Anne from his younger brother Richard of Gloucester, because George knew his younger brother longed to marry her. It is thought that George planned to put Anne in a nunnery, where she could be forced to take vows of chastity and poverty. In that event, Anne’s half of the huge Warwick estate would revert to her sister Isabelle, George’s wife.
After the Battle of Tewksbury, Anne was treated as a traitor for having been married briefly to Edward of Westminster, the Lancaster Prince of Wales. However, Anne’s cousin Richard of Gloucester was determined to marry her. He discovered Anne’s location and, with King Edward’s approval secured her
The story of Anne Boleyn, the second wife of Henry VIII, has been elusive to historians since her death in 1536 at the hands of her husband. This, in part, can be attributed to the destruction of almost everything she touched soon after her execution. On orders of the king, the castles that were once her home had all memory stripped of her. Portraits were destroyed, letters disappeared, their symbol of the H and A intertwined had the A ripped away. The remnants of her time on the throne are pieces of history that were overlooked in the workers haste to strip the castles in preparation for Jane Seymour to become queen. There are few hints left of what really happened during Anne’s life and how important she was during her reign which has created the widespread infatuation with Anne and who she really was. Why is Anne’s life of such interest to us then? The reasons are many and include the desire to know her role in the English reformation, being the first queen of England to ever be executed, and the impact it had on her daughter and the later Queen Elizabeth I.
Richard III's Usurpation and His Downfall Richards rule was always unstable due to his unlawful usurpation to the throne and his part as far as the public was concerned in the death of the two princes. As a result right from the start he didn't have the trust or support from his country. As soon as he became King people were already plotting against him. After he was crowned he travelled the country trying to raise support by refusing the generous gifts offered to him by various cities. However unknown to him a rebellion was been planned in the South.
Richard did not manage to recover from the usurpation of Edward and after allegedly murdering the two Princes in the tower his reputation had fallen greatly. He had lost a lot of respect from nobles and from the populus. Killing the Princes could be seen as one of the major factors of his downfall. It was common place in monarchical families to have brothers and sisters "put out of the picture", but even in these primitive times, the murder of innocent children was a taboo.
decided that he had other plans for Anne's life. He carried out these plans by
In this play of challenge and debate, could it be possibly suggested that King Richard had a part to play in the murder of his uncle the Duke of Gloucester? Could the reader possibly pick up this assumption having known nothing about the play? These are all factors that one must find by reading in between the lines, noticing and understanding the silence that is exchanged. For the silence is just as important as the speech.Why is it assumed that King Richard II has anything to do with the murder? Let us review a scene from the play were Gaunt accuses Richard of being accountable for Gloucester's death.
Sir Thomas More, “The History of King Richard III” in Richard III A Source Book, Keith
But Buckingham knows what to do. He tells Richard to take two priests with him, since the people are very religious and will follow the priest's’ actions. After doing as if he was denying the request for being the king, the crowd tried to persuade him. Because of doing as if he didn’t want the crown, the crowd thought they could trust him more, and begged him to be the king. Eventually he said yes, and finally became king of England. He orders Buckingham to kill prince Edward, but Buckingham refuses to. He asks for his Earlship, but Richard gets mad and dismisses him. He knows he also has to get rid of Buckingham now, since he is not loyal to him anymore. He hires a murderer called Tyrrel to kill the princes and finally he got rid of
Lambert was a boy who bore striking resemblance to the sons of Edward IV, the late King Richard III's brother. In league with the Duchess of Burgundy that these two allies along with the Earl of Lincoln and Sir John de la Pole conspired to dethrone Henry VII. Duchess of Burgundy who was the daughter of Edward IV who paid to have Lambert as a boy trained . Lambert was taken to Ireland which was the heart of the Yorkist family. In Ireland the Earl of Kildare proclaimed Simnel as King Edward VI . These actions as previously stated all took place outside of England which is distancing from the English people and has little or no contact with
Queen Elizabeth had a hectic childhood which was the key in Establishing her determined nature, which helped her later to return England to its previous position of power. This determination was vital for Elizabeth to become a successful queen in a male-dominated world.
Gifted with the darkest attributes intertwined in his imperfect characteristics, Shakespeare’s Richard III displays his anti-hero traits afflicted with thorns of villains: “Plots have I laid, inductions dangerous / By drunken prophecies, libels, and dreams” (I.i.32-33). Richard possesses the idealism and ambition of a heroic figure that is destined to great achievements and power; however, as one who believes that “the end justifies the means”, Richard rejects moral value and tradition as he is willing to do anything to accomplish his goal to the crown. The society, even his family and closest friends, repudiate him as a deformed outcast. Nevertheless, he cheers for himself as the champion and irredeemable villain by turning entirely to revenge of taking self-served power. By distinguishing virtue ethics to take revenge on the human society that alienates him and centering his life on self-advancement towards kingship, Richard is the literary archetype of an anti-hero.
“This conduct to convey me to the Tower. Upon what cause? Because my name is George.” This logically folly of a wizard telling you to lock those under the letter G is abhorrent and unthoughtful. This is not the way of a king but that of a gullible fool who has no place ruling anything. Richard wants to remove the false king from a throne he does not deserve. When in the king's halls edward tries to amend feuds “Rivers and Hastings, take each other's hand;Dissemble not your hatred, swear your love. By heaven, my heart is purged from grudging hate:And with my hand I seal my true heart's love. So thrive I, as I truly swear the like!”(II.I 7-11). This quote shows how shallow the current ruler of england is he sees a long running feud and assumes that by telling them to shake and say sorry that all will be amended, that however is not the case they only do this to humor the king. And yet the Edward takes no notice and instead tries to make a holiday of sorts based on a fraudulent handshake. So by killing a line of lesser fit kings richard is doing england a favor, he is saving by hurting
This contributes to a very villainous role. Richard begins his journey to the throne. He manipulates Lady Anne. into marrying him, even though she knows that he murdered her first. husband.
Shakespeare Richard III was a traitor, a murderer, a tyrant, and a hypocrite. The leading characteristics of his mind are scorn, sarcasm, and an overwhelming contempt. It appears that the contempt for his victims rather than active hatred or cruelty was the motive for murdering them. Upon meeting him he sounds the keynote to his whole character. " I, that am curtailed of this proportion, cheated of feature by dissembling nature, Deform'd, unfinish'd sent before my time Into this word scarce half made up"( 1.1.20-23)
Edward V and his brother so that he could be next in line for the crown. But that is not true for Richard really didn’t do it.
...historical background set forth in the film, with the broad details of the attempted rebellion propelled by Queen Eleanor and led by Richard and Geoffrey are accurate, as is the attempt by Philip of France to undermine the Angevin Empire to regain the provinces acquired by Henry through his marriage to Eleanor. As depicted in the film, the indecision, faced by Henry II in attempting to determine which son to name as successor resulted from his desire to have the empire that he had created remain intact, rather than dividing the empire between his sons and this, in turn, led to the fracturing of both family and political cohesion, leaving the empire vulnerable to outside forces. Both Richard and John eventually ruled the empire, supported and influenced by their mother, Eleanor of Aquitaine, who was released from her Salisbury prison upon the death of King Henry II.