Palm Oil Is Everywhere (Literally) As my picks and crampons were jammed into the majestic and frozen waterfall, I was immersed in the wildlife. I was on an ice climbing trip, which was situated near the picturesque Denali National Park. As I was sitting on the nearby rocks for a lunch break, I started to eat my apple. I am used to seeing a lot of outdoor-y people bring energy bars or trail mix, the most energizing and least junky snacks. As I looked over at my Japanese classmate treat, I surprise noticed that he had a Snickers bar. Snickers bar are found everywhere in from very urbanized areas on shelves of Fred Meyers and people’s homes to isolated areas in the Delta Range. What many Americans do not realize, is that one of the main ingredients …show more content…
There are 7.79kg/tom of N-fertilizer, 0.0kg/ton of P2O5, and 14.41 kg/ton of K2 O-fertilizer that are applied to FFB on average. This was an average from 9 months at the nursery stage and 25 years at the field stage. Glyphosate and paraquat are used as herbicides. Herbicides are applied on average about 1-3 times per year at around 1.8-3.1 hg per ha per ton for glyphosate and .6-1.2 per ha per time for paraquat for the specific study site. Seeds of oil palm are applied at 168 kg/ha (Pleanjai and Gheewala). The next step is Crude palm oil extraction and palm oil refining. Mills start to operate when harvested FFB are processed for oil. FFBs are also collected from small farmers at various sizes of oil palm holding. The palm oil mill has the capacity to go through 45 tons of FFB per hours, which is 1000 tons of FFB per day. The amount of crude palm oil produced is about 0.12-0.19. Then the crude palm oil is refined. This oil can be used in food, cleaning, and cosmetic products (Pleanjai and …show more content…
In Thailand, fruit bundles have to be transported from the plantation to the mills and refineries, which are located in Krabi province. The Thailand government is using palm oil biodiesel to become more sustainable. They are trying to reduce the dependence on import and to improve energy security in the country. After analyzing the life cycle production of methyl ester, it was found that the three major energy consumptions is transportation, fertilizer, and methanol. There should be a reduction in the amount of fertilizer. Biodiesel should be used instead of diesel and fossil fuels, which are often used, for a more environmental friendly way. There should be non-fossil fuels to produce methanol. There should be efficient utilization of co-products, including fibers and shells to improve overall energy output (Pleanjai and
Both biodiesel and ethanol are derivatives of biomass that have been processed to create a liquid biofuel. Both types of biofuels have been touted as secure and environmentally safe alternatives to fossil fuels, however the research verifying these claims is extensive but often contradicting. In the following paper, the efficiency and quality of the two types of biofuel will be discussed. The effects of variables such as source materials and production techniques on efficiency and quality will be considered. Due to the limited scope of this paper however, only generalized net analyses of ethanol and biodiesel production will be considered. The production of ethanol requires one of two source materials, cellulose or sucrose, both of which are complex sugars. Currently, corn and sugar cane are the primary source materials for ethanol; however it can be produced from any plant cellulose. Ethanol is created using chemical and non chemical processes. These processes include liquefication, saccharification, fermentation, and distillation (Malca and Freire, 2006).
The Shea tree is indigenous to the semi-arid Sahel region of West Africa which extends over five thousand kilometers. The processing of Shea Butter from the nut is traditionally done by the women of the community. For centuries these women have collected, marketed and transformed Shea nuts into a multipurpose product. When the nuts are crushed they produce a vegetable fat known as Shea butter. After processing the butter is stored in cool storage rooms until they are shipped to Sekaf International distribution centers. T...
Biofuels, fuels that provide energy using relatively recent organic sources, have been around just as long as cars have. In fact, the first cars ran on peanut oil. Henry Ford, founder of a multimillion dollar American car company, planned to fuel his massively successful Model T’s with ethanol (National Geographic 2013.) However, this revolutionary idea was swept under the rug when the discovery of massive petroleum deposits kept gasoline and diesel cheap and affordable. As 2014 rolls around, consumers are starting see that the amount of petroleum in the Earth is shrinking and the same story goes for their wallets (Avro 2012.) Not only does burning gas and diesel empty out the wallet, it is also slowly covering the Earth with a warm carbon dioxide blanket that causes global warming. Transportation, which is the third largest emitter of greenhouse gasses (Biofuel Association of Australia 2013), is dependent on finite amounts of gas and diesel for its energy needs so it is very important we move towards a more renewable and sustainable fuel source. Biofuels, both ethanol and biodiesel, have the potential to fuel transportation efficiently and drastically reduce the carbon footprint, thus reducing the warm blanket of carbon dioxide on the Earth.
Palm oil is produced from the fruit of oil palm tree (Elaeis guineensis). Palm oil can be separated into a various distinct oils with different properties. Because of this versatility, palm oil has replaced animal and other vegetable oils to be used in a wide variety of products. Palm oil is also a very productive crop. The amount of oil produced per hectare per year, or the yield, is far greater than that of other vegetable oils. Best-in-class palm oil plantations can produce up to 10 times more oil per unit area than that of soybean or sunflower oil. The production costs for palm oil are also lower, mainly due to low labor costs in the countries in which oil palm trees are grown. Less fertilizer, pesticide, and fuel energy are needed in the cultivation and processing of palm oil.
Biodiesel is considered an environmentally friendly alternative because it reduces the amount many toxic substances. Plants such as soybeans require carbon dioxide from the air to produce their stems, roots and leaves. During biodiesel production from soybean oil, carbon dioxide is produced and released in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is considered a green house gas (GHG). However, this cycle of GHG emission does not neccersarily contribute to the atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. This is because the next soybean crop will reuse the carbon dioxide emitted for its growth. Another important environmental benefit is that biodiesel reduces particulate matter (PM), hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions. These benefits occur because biodiesel contains 11% oxygen by weight. Oxygen allows the fuel to burn better, resulting in fewer emissions from unburned fuel. And lastly, biodiesel fuels do not contain any sulfur and does not have an unpleasant smell when it is emitted from vehicles.
“According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations’ global hunger data, more than 10% – about 800 million people – are undernourished and do not have enough food to lead healthy, active lives (Farmers Weekly). Global food shortages are a day to day issue that all organisms on Earth suffers. Biofuels are a huge part of global food shortages because it is made from the oils of plants which could be converted into food. Biofuels are produced from plants that are burned in furnaces or diesel engines. The the oil from those burned plants is mixed with petroleum, furthermore this process creates biofuels. Biofuels mainly consist of corn which could be used as food instead. Farming techniques are very important to the food shortages too. Without proper farming techniques crops wouldn’t be growing as well as the plants are today. Hydroponics can help this
Palm oil is considered an essential ingredient for the production of foods and other products in which human use. Orangutan Project (2015) states that ‘palm oil is derived from the fruit of the oil palm tree’, and the ‘palm oil plantations are the main driver for deforestation in Indonesia’. The harvest of the palm trees for the production of palm oil affects the ecosystem as it can affect the environment. This investigation with highlight out the advantages of the palm fruit providing nutrients, it is essential for the productions of products, and this production being that palm oil can reduce poverty. The negatives of how the production of palm oil negatively affects the environment, the habitat of the animals, and social consequences
Introduction:The idea of biofuels is a old concept, reaching as far as the ending of the 19th century. Solid in its idea but flawed in its presentation. Biofuels are a alternative energy to fossil fuels that are made from natural methods such as plants and crops and are key in solving the apparent flaws of fossil fuels. While fossil fuels have been in use for over a century, Biofuels have now risen to the popularity and been exposed to the press. At one point of time biofuel were being considered by some of the most brilliant minds ever in human history such as Henry Ford and Rudolph Diesel who believed that biofuels had the potential to be the new evolution s on only to reappear a century later. Now the world faces the struggles of global warming and the depletion of fossil fuels slowly dimming by day. Throughout the last century biofuels have proven to have a place in our society as a new alternative fuel source. Specializing in Being Natural and healthier than fossil fuels, biofuels have had a rough beginning against its competitor due to key situations such as pricing, Side effects, to fuel power. However the idea was passed on a to the later generations, and continued to pasand prolong usage. However through the last decade they have been highly advertised by politicians and Government officials claiming it to be the future of a powerful working society, and to help in making a new energy free world. Through belief Some even claiming that “By 2050, a new generation of sustainable biofuels could provide over a quarter of the world’s total transport fuel, according to a recent report by the International Energy Agency” (last name). With such improvement biofuels should be the obvious answer to providing a better future to th...
Palm oil and palm kernel oil are some of the world’s most resourceful raw materials. Their practical properties and uses are one of the main reasons behind the rise in demand for palm oil since 1980. Palm kernel and palm oil uses are widely varied because they can be processed and to produce a broad range of products with diverse characteristics. This can be seen on ingredient labels on many products that may have names as follows: vegetable oil, vegetable fat, palm kernel, palm kernel oil, palm fruit oil, palmate, palmitate, palm olien, glyceryl, stearate, and many
Journal 1: High free fatty acid coconut oil as a potential feed stock for biodiesel production in Thailand, No. of citations: 77
The continuous depletion of fossil fuel resources and their increased demand has changed the outlook from ancient resources of fuel to new resources especially biomasses of plant origin. Plant biomass is a promising raw material for fuel generation to sustain fuel requirements in the modern age. Basically biofuel these days can be divided into first generation and second generation depending upon the type of biomass used. Biofuel derived from sugars, oils, cereals, sugarcane and starch are categorised in first generation fuel while use of lignocellulosic biomass like soft and hardwood, agricultural wastes, straw and corn stover provides second generation fuels [1].
... other solution to eliminate vehicles' emissions such as use bioethanol and biodiesel. Because this fuel has neutral Carbon atoms in its chemical form, the scientists named it biofuel (1). The researchers support using biofuel due to low Carbon emission that produce from burning this fuel. According to State of Connecticut's strategy, using biofuel will decrease dependence on fossil fuel by reducing its consumption by (20%) (7). Though many advantages of using biofuel in vehicles and industries, some researchers think that this strategy is very dangerous because it will utilize large agricultural area to make fuel instate of make food (1). They believe that this strategy will increase the price of vegetable oil in local markets (1). Moreover, burning biofuel produces solid Carbon (soot) to atmosphere and add another problem to earth's environment.
In addition to this fact, other works of literature have tried to reaffirm to us that, the reasons behind the success of Asian countries leading as the highest producers and World Exporter of palm oil for decades (USDA, 2014) is due to the fact that, their palm oil industry is at the forefront of the usage of modern technologies in both tending to the plantation and processing of Fresh Fruit Brunches (FFB), with value been added to the FFB to give the Crude palm oil (CPO) and its by-products of desirable qualities for the domestic and global markets (Hon and Joseph, 2010; Malaysia Palm Oil Board (MPOB),
In Indonesia and Malaysia, a total of 4.5 million people earn their living from palm oil production. Stopping the production of palm oil altogether would create significant problems for these people. Palm oil smallholders are some of the poorest farmers in the world. The money they earn from growing oil palm trees is crucial to feed and care for their families. From these facts we can see how palm oil supports economies too. Farming and producing palm oil forms the financial structure for many communities and, indeed, countries. Palm oil accounts for 11% of Indonesia's export earnings, with one third of this production attributed to smallholder farmers.
Coal and crude oil are non-renewable resources. They take an extreme amount of time to form and due to that, they cannot be replaced once they have all been used up. However, when it comes to the biofuels, they are produced from plant material and are renewable. There are two types of biofuels: Biodiesel, which is made from rapeseed oil and other plant oils and is used in diesel-powered vehicles without needing any modifications to the engine, and Bioethanol, which is a liquid fuel that burns quite well and is made by fermenting sugars from sugar cane, wheat and other plants. In this essay, whether or not biofuels are becoming an increasingly important alternative to traditional forms of energy under environmental and economic benefits and