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The Invention Of Aeroplane
Historical development of aircraft
The Invention Of Aeroplane
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For more than a century, mankind has occupied all three domains of this earth; subsequently, the realm of warfare has expanded into the three dimensions progressively with the conquering of land, sea, and ultimately the air. With the advent of functional airplanes at the beginning of the last century, powered, sustained, and controlled flight was achieved during the inaugural flight of Orville and Wilbur Wright in 1903, fulfilling a dream that had occupied the minds of man for more than millennia. As with all technological advancements, mankind is quick to integrate it into the art of war; accordingly, the inception of the airplane would serve both civilian and military applications. While the implications of the airplane on warfare were not immediate, it forced military theorists to define and discuss airpower theory and the new role of three-dimensional warfare; most notably, the Italian Giulio Douhet, the American William Mitchell, the instructors at the U.S. Air Corps Tactical School, and the British Hugh Trenchard and Jack Slessor. The study of airpower theory was proportionate to the evolution of the airplane, especially through the first two decades of its existence in which airplanes were insufficient in quality and quantity and airpower was in its infancy. The study of airpower and its influence on military strategy essentially presented effectively during the inter-war period as military theorist managed to evaluate airpower relative to its use during the First World War, where it was used in a limited role in support of land and naval operations. During this period, various airpower theories emerged as air theorists attempted to respond to the demands for a more rational form of warfare as an alternative to the car...
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Cole, Bernard D. “Maritime Strategy in the Twentieth Century: Alfred Thayer Mahan and Julian S. Corbett.” https://norwich.angellearning.com/section/content/Default.asp? WCI=pgDisplay&WCU=CRSCNT&ENTRY_ID=0D3C8D3DD3EC45B59877A43548A86822
Meilinger, Phillip S. “An Introduction to Airpower Theory.” https://norwich.angellearning.com/ section/content/Default.asp?WCI=pgDisplay&WCU=CRSCNT&ENTRY_ID=65AC671B556E417AB0132DA5E2F5FBF4
MacIsaac, David. “Voices from the Central Blue: The Air Power Theorists.” In Makers of Modern Strategy, From Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age, 624-647. Edited by Peter Paret. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1986.
Hurley, Alfred F., and Robert C. Ehrhart. Air Power and Warfare: The Proceedings of the 8th Military History Symposium, United States Air Force Academy, 18-20 October 1978. Honolulu: University Press of the Pacific, 2002.
For as long as most of the world can remember aviation has played a major factor in how wars are fought. Starting in World War I the worlds fighting forces began using aircraft to conduct surveillance missions over enemy territory. While these aircraft were not the masters of stealth that todays aircraft are there was no technology to take down these planes at the time. Air-to-air combat was an event that rarely happened and was almost never effective.
Stewart R. W. (2005). American Military History (Vol. 1). The United States Army and the
In today’s world, the use of airplanes in wars or in everyday life has become a part of how we live as human beings. Removing the air forces of the world is like taking a step back in time when wars were only fought on land or sea. WWI began only eleven short years after the Wright brothers achieved powered flight in 19031 and yet aircrafts were being used for surveillance and eventually combat purposes. It is understood that these aircrafts were primitive, but they laid down the foundation for what we know today as fighter jets. The Fokker Eindecker “revolutionized air combat by successfully employing a synchronized forward -firing machine gun mounted on the engine cowling”2. Because this airplane became the first to successfully use a synchronized machine gun, it allowed its pilots to become the first aerial combat tactitions3.
Thesis. Air War College, 1987. http://www.airwar.edu//a>. Maxwell, Alabama: United States Air Force, 1987. DTIC Online -.
Web. 2014 -. Haulman, Daniel L. “The Tuskegee Airmen in Combat.” Air Power History 57.3 (2012): pp.
Armies and Navies have clashed since antiquity, but the airplane that enables aerial combat is barely a century old. Airplanes saw widespread combat in the First World War, and, despite the doubts and financial concerns of military leaders of the time, the brave men who fly them have gained their own dedicated military division, the United States Air Force. Billy Mitchell, through his charisma and an image that endeared him in American culture, was an instrumental figure in developing the modern Air Force.
"History of the Air Force part 2." www.airforce.com. U.S. Air Force, 4 12 2013. Web. 4 Dec 2013.
Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan's book of 1890, The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660-1783, argued that control of the sea was the key to world dominance; it stimulated the naval race among the great powers.
Lawson, Robert L., and Barrett Tillman. U.S. Navy Air Combat: 1939-1946. Osceola, WI: MBI Pub., 2000. Print.
"Wrights’ Perspective on the Role of Airplanes in War." Wright Stories Wright Brothers Inventing The Airplane History of Flight Kitty Hawk Wright Contemporaries Military Airplane RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Apr.
Whitman, Edward C.. “Rising to Victory: The Pacific Submarine Strategy in World War II.” Accessed November 25, 2013. http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html.
Gunther, Rothenberg E. “Maurice of Nassau, Gustavus Adolphus, Raimundo Montecuccoli, and the ‘Military Revolution’ of the Seventeenth Century”. Makers of Modern Strategy, from Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age. Edited by Peter Paret, 33-40. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1986.
Hamilton, John A. Blazing Skies: Air Defense Artillery on Fort Bliss, 1940 - 2009. Defense
In the summer of 1940, World War II had been in progress for nearly a year. Adolf Hitler was victorious and planning an invasion of England to seal Europe’s fate. Everyone in the United States of America knew it. The Germans were too powerful. Hitler's Luftwaffe had too many planes, too many pilots and too many bombs and since Hitler was Europe's problem, the United States claimed to be a neutral country (Neutrality Act of 1939). Seven Americans, however, did not remain neutral and that’s what this book is about. They joined Britain's Royal Air Force to help save Britain in its darkest hour to fight off the skilled pilots of Germany's Luftwaffe in the blue skies over England, the English Channel, and North Europe. By October 1940, they had helped England succeed in one of the greatest air battles in the history of aviation, the Battle of Britain. This book helps to show the impact of the few Americans who joined the Battle of Britain to fight off an evil that the United States didn’t acknowledge at the time. The name of Kershaw’s book was inspired from the quote, “Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to sow few,” which was said by British Officer and Prime Minister Winston Churchill.
Unikoski, Ari. “The War in the Air - Summary of the Air War”. First World War.com. 2009. http://www.firstworldwar.com/airwar/summary.htm