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Ieee research paper on integrated pest management
Essay on integrated pest management
Essay on integrated pest management
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4.0 Integrated Pest Management (IPM) to the field of medical entomology and cities
4.1 History of IPM in the management of dengue vector
According to Chen et al. (1994) a study in Taiwan has been concluded that the integrated pest management of insects is the best and most effective way to control dengue. According Phuanukoonnon et al. (2005), a study conducted to see kerbekesanan individual methods also concluded that the combination of several control methods to improve the positive effects.
4.2 The concept of IPM in the management of dengue vector
Challenge 4.3 HDI today
Despite a high awareness recently for the prevention of dengue, many challenges still exist. These include inadequate funding and lack of resources and a sound strategy
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IVM approach can also reduce the pressure exerted by the insecticide to choose insecticide resistance (Rodríguez-Pérez et al. 2012). IVM concept can be exploited through the development of integrated pest management in agriculture in which the use of pesticides has become the method of last resort. Actions taken and to be taken by the health sector and other public sector and society have important implications in the prevalence of disease and vector populations. Therefore, IVM promotes effective cooperation in the health sector and other public sector, while also involving the community (Rodríguez-Pérez et al. …show more content…
Education is also an important component because people need to know how and why to control the dengue vector. Community participation in the implementation of the rules on IVM not only need to maintain continuity (Wang et al. 2000), but also will enhance the effectiveness of control against Aedes such as attempts to reduce Dengue in Guantanamo, Cuba (Valerberghe et al. 2009).
6.3 Environmental management
Environmental management is to change the environment so that it can prevent or reduce the propagation vector and vector-human contact with pathogens. This included a change, destroy, remove or re mengiitar containers no longer used can be larval habitat. Environmental management can be broken down into three sections: environmental modification, environmental manipulation and improvement of dwellings. 6.3.1 Modification of nature
Renovation nature is a long-lasting physical peurubahan to reduce larval habitats such as the installation of piped water credible to the public, including household
In the article “When Mosquitoes Were Killers in America” by Lauren Tarshis, She makes the statement “Yet mosquitoes are far more than a nuisance.” What she means is that mosquitoes aren't a little bug that just sucks a little blood and can be annoying, but instead it uses all that and more. Mosquitoes have killed millions upon millions of people by spreading disease like malaria. An example of how she supports this claim is in the article, she says “ In this way, bite by itchy bite, 212 million people are infected with malaria every year” (Tarshis 13). And that is only a year with bug spray, shots, and all the other things that help stop mosquitoes. So when the U.S. government tried to save people from these murders little insects. So they
While it is relatively easy to control what happens around your home, it takes community effort to help curb West Nile on a city wide level. Help authories by reporting any dead birds that you see, see if your city/town has a mosquito control program that you can help with, or even get together with your neighborhood to clean the local park and remove mosquito breeding areas in public spaces.
Actually it is said that insects are becoming immune to these poisons. When a insecticide is first used, a small group of the insects may survive the exposure to the insecticides due to their distinct genetics. These individuals pass along the genes for resistance to the next generation. The over and over uses of the insecticide will actually increase the proportion of less-effected insects in the population. Worldwide, more than hundreds species of insects have developed some degree of immunity. There are many important issues in the world regarding insecticides deterioration of the environment and it's affects on the average person. Though, the one that is worst then you know it is that individuals have it in the food that they consume. Yet it is still found daily in foods all around the world. Insecticides are used by produce growers to control insects and some pests that can destroy crops. These toxins are back firing on its users because they are being eaten by humans in the forms of fruits and vegetables that have remaining of the insecticide on them. How safe are these toxins to humans and what is being done help the environment and the health of humans and non-targeted animals? How much does the average person consume harmful amounts of toxins during every meal? If the levels are unsafe, why is this problem continuing to be ignored by the people who are supposed to
Combining the large amount of people mobilizing to the Sahel for development and its increase of temperature and humidity within the atmosphere, the lack of exposure the Sahel has to the disease serves well to a future outbreak (Ermert el. al., 2012). This coincides with what the World Health Organization has said, stating, “Malaria epidemics can occur when climate and other conditions suddenly favor transmission in areas where people have little or no immunity to malaria” (World Health Organization, 2014). Therefore, if the study done by Ermert el. al. (2014) stays true to its predications, the Sahel region may experience a great deal of infection. Image 1 below shows the integrated weather-disease model of infectious bites per human per year that Ermert el. al. (2012) makes using regional climate models. The Sahel begins to show a large amount of malaria cases throughout the region. Consequently, this only increases the needs states have for possible recommendations that may combat this phenomenon of climate
...ortation of plants, fruits, vegetables, and animals. Indiscriminate pesticide use kills the good with the bad. Long term and wide spread pesticide use poisons underground water sources, which, in turn, poison plants, animals, and humans. And, finally, by our uninformed actions, new super races of pests continue to evolve and create even greater dangers than the original.
In 2016 the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, which is part of the NIH, had begun a clinical trial of a vaccine designed to protect people against yellow fever viruses. The WHO has reported a total of 3,682 cases of yellow fever with a death toll of 361 as of July 21, 2016. It is said there have been more than 105 million people in Africa who have been vaccinated against the virus since 2006, despite the success of how many people who have been vaccinated there is also a shortage of vaccine supplies. Since then there has been no outbreaks of yellow fever in West Africa during
Conventional farming practices are responsible for many negative health and environmental issues. One of the main issues is the creation of monocultures in the farming environment. Specifically growing the same species of plants or animals in mass quantities without variation every season is not natural. Monocultures do not exist in nature (Pollan 67). Nature practices diversity and for good reason. In nature and organic farming, if there is a threat to one species, there are others to balance the decrease in the threatened species. Conventional farmers and the modern food industry argue that planting the same crop year after year is convenient and profitable because it cuts down on the different types of farm equipment necessary in production, and initially, in the types of pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers needed. However, in this unnatural environment, tremendous amounts of pest...
As time has progressed, there has always been an overarching need for high amounts of crop production throughout the world. With the rapid rate of population growth, the need for crops and other sources of nutrients is only increasing. In order to meet these high demands and increase yields, farmers and other agriculturalists have started implementing the use of pesticides. These chemical mixtures are being used in order to prevent, destroy, repel or mitigate any pests from destroying growing crops. However, using pesticides on crops can create massive amounts of pollution, negatively affect an individual’s health, and can spark biodiversity loss within an ecosystem. According to Michael C.R. Alavanja, “Over 1 billion pounds of pesticides are used within the United States (US) each year and approximately 5.6 billion pounds are used worldwide”. With all this in mind, it is clear that pesticides should not be made available to farmers and agriculturalists, and should
Instead of using pesticides in farming a better alternative would be biological control. This is when a natural predator is released into the crop growing area as a result the number of pests can be reduced.
There are many strategies and tactics for insecticide resistance management that we can take it to solve our factors that influence resistance management problem. Hence, to accomplish this goal, resistance surveillance has three objectives. Firstly, before to begin the control operation, we must provide baseline data for program planning and pesticide selection. Secondly, we must detect resistance at an early stage and lastly, we must monitor the effect of control strategies on resistance continuously.
grass, leaf, or black plastic mulch. Weeds also may be pulled or hoed from the
Dengue fever, also known as the “breakbone fever”, is a vector-borne viral disease endemic in tropic and subtropic regions, with around 100 million symptomatic new cases each year worldwide15. It is caused by any one of the four closely-related serotypes or viruses that is spread by multiple species of mosquitoes, in particular the Aedes aegypti 6,13.
Dengue is the most common arboviral (arthropod-transmitted) disease and it also position as the most important mosquito-borne viral disease in the world. Approximately 2.5 billion people living in tropical and sub-tropical regions are at a great risk of dengue infection, which is almost equal to about two-fifths of the human population (Gubler & Clark, 1995; WHO, 2009). There is an estimated 50-100 million infections occurring globally in each year, with 500,000 cases requiring hospitalization and causing 24,000 deaths (Halstead, 1988; WHO, 1997). Furthermore, the increasing populations in tropical and sub-tropical regions, making dengue as a global threat to public health (UNEP 2009; Holden, 2009).
As human beings we have a responsibility to protect ourselves, each other and our environment. The term environment refers to a complex set of social/cultural conditions that affect an individual or community. However, there are events and processes that occur in the environment that human beings have no control over. Environmental science, the systematic study of processes and materials in our environment, identifies temperature, precipitation and humidity as a few natural conditions. Natural conditions force us to be reactive, while things that we can control, such as consumption and waste, allow us to be proactive.
Environmental management is a process in which a certain company, individual, or partnership do to help protect the cleanliness of the environment. Basically it involves the management of the environment, but the deeper meaning is the step by step process that one does to impact the environment in a good way. It is also implementing behaviors that will benefit the environment.